cmd/go: avoid needing to manipulate ImportStack when constructing error

Simplify the printing of PackageErrors by pushing and popping packages
from the import stack when creating the error, rather than when printing
the error. In some cases, we don't have the same amount of information
to recreate the exact error, so we'll print the name of the package
the error is for, even when it's redundant. In the case of import cycle
errors, this change results in the addition of the position information
of the error.

This change supercedes CLs 220718 and 217106. It introduces a simpler
way to format errors.

Fixes #36173

Change-Id: Ie27011eb71f82e165ed4f9567bba6890a3849fc1
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/224660
Run-TryBot: Michael Matloob <[email protected]>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Bryan C. Mills <[email protected]>

src/cmd/go/go_test.go

@@ -2662,7 +2662,7 @@ func TestBadCommandLines(t *testing.T) {
 	tg.tempFile("src/-x/x.go", "package x\n")
 	tg.setenv("GOPATH", tg.path("."))
 	tg.runFail("build", "--", "-x")
-	tg.grepStderr("invalid input directory name \"-x\"", "did not reject -x directory")
+	tg.grepStderr("invalid import path \"-x\"", "did not reject -x import path")
 
 	tg.tempFile("src/-x/y/y.go", "package y\n")
 	tg.setenv("GOPATH", tg.path("."))

src/cmd/go/internal/load/pkg.go

@@ -318,16 +318,16 @@ func (p *Package) copyBuild(pp *build.Package) {
 
 // A PackageError describes an error loading information about a package.
 type PackageError struct {
-	ImportStack   []string // shortest path from package named on command line to this one
-	Pos           string   // position of error
-	Err           error    // the error itself
-	IsImportCycle bool     // the error is an import cycle
-	Hard          bool     // whether the error is soft or hard; soft errors are ignored in some places
+	ImportStack      []string // shortest path from package named on command line to this one
+	Pos              string   // position of error
+	Err              error    // the error itself
+	IsImportCycle    bool     // the error is an import cycle
+	Hard             bool     // whether the error is soft or hard; soft errors are ignored in some places
+	alwaysPrintStack bool     // whether to always print the ImportStack
 }
 
 func (p *PackageError) Error() string {
-	// Import cycles deserve special treatment.
-	if p.Pos != "" && !p.IsImportCycle {
+	if p.Pos != "" && (len(p.ImportStack) == 0 || !p.alwaysPrintStack) {
 		// Omit import stack. The full path to the file where the error
 		// is the most important thing.
 		return p.Pos + ": " + p.Err.Error()
@@ -339,15 +339,14 @@ func (p *PackageError) Error() string {
 	// last path on the stack, we don't omit the path. An error like
 	// "package A imports B: error loading C caused by B" would not be clearer
 	// if "imports B" were omitted.
-	stack := p.ImportStack
-	var ierr ImportPathError
-	if len(stack) > 0 && errors.As(p.Err, &ierr) && ierr.ImportPath() == stack[len(stack)-1] {
-		stack = stack[:len(stack)-1]
-	}
-	if len(stack) == 0 {
+	if len(p.ImportStack) == 0 {
 		return p.Err.Error()
 	}
-	return "package " + strings.Join(stack, "\n\timports ") + ": " + p.Err.Error()
+	var optpos string
+	if p.Pos != "" {
+		optpos = "\n\t" + p.Pos
+	}
+	return "package " + strings.Join(p.ImportStack, "\n\timports ") + optpos + ": " + p.Err.Error()
 }
 
 func (p *PackageError) Unwrap() error { return p.Err }
@@ -549,9 +548,6 @@ func loadImport(pre *preload, path, srcDir string, parent *Package, stk *ImportS
 		panic("LoadImport called with empty package path")
 	}
 
-	stk.Push(path)
-	defer stk.Pop()
-
 	var parentPath, parentRoot string
 	parentIsStd := false
 	if parent != nil {
@@ -564,6 +560,11 @@ func loadImport(pre *preload, path, srcDir string, parent *Package, stk *ImportS
 		pre.preloadImports(bp.Imports, bp)
 	}
 	if bp == nil {
+		if importErr, ok := err.(ImportPathError); !ok || importErr.ImportPath() != path {
+			// Only add path to the error's import stack if it's not already present on the error.
+			stk.Push(path)
+			defer stk.Pop()
+		}
 		return &Package{
 			PackagePublic: PackagePublic{
 				ImportPath: path,
@@ -578,7 +579,9 @@ func loadImport(pre *preload, path, srcDir string, parent *Package, stk *ImportS
 	importPath := bp.ImportPath
 	p := packageCache[importPath]
 	if p != nil {
+		stk.Push(path)
 		p = reusePackage(p, stk)
+		stk.Pop()
 	} else {
 		p = new(Package)
 		p.Internal.Local = build.IsLocalImport(path)
@@ -588,8 +591,11 @@ func loadImport(pre *preload, path, srcDir string, parent *Package, stk *ImportS
 		// Load package.
 		// loadPackageData may return bp != nil even if an error occurs,
 		// in order to return partial information.
-		p.load(stk, bp, err)
-		if p.Error != nil && p.Error.Pos == "" {
+		p.load(path, stk, bp, err)
+		// Add position information unless this is a NoGoError or an ImportCycle error.
+		// Import cycles deserve special treatment.
+		var g *build.NoGoError
+		if p.Error != nil && p.Error.Pos == "" && !errors.As(err, &g) && !p.Error.IsImportCycle {
 			p = setErrorPos(p, importPos)
 		}
 
@@ -608,7 +614,7 @@ func loadImport(pre *preload, path, srcDir string, parent *Package, stk *ImportS
 		return setErrorPos(perr, importPos)
 	}
 	if mode&ResolveImport != 0 {
-		if perr := disallowVendor(srcDir, path, p, stk); perr != p {
+		if perr := disallowVendor(srcDir, path, parentPath, p, stk); perr != p {
 			return setErrorPos(perr, importPos)
 		}
 	}
@@ -1246,7 +1252,7 @@ func disallowInternal(srcDir string, importer *Package, importerPath string, p *
 	// as if it were generated into the testing directory tree
 	// (it's actually in a temporary directory outside any Go tree).
 	// This cleans up a former kludge in passing functionality to the testing package.
-	if strings.HasPrefix(p.ImportPath, "testing/internal") && len(*stk) >= 2 && (*stk)[len(*stk)-2] == "testmain" {
+	if str.HasPathPrefix(p.ImportPath, "testing/internal") && importerPath == "testmain" {
 		return p
 	}
 
@@ -1262,11 +1268,10 @@ func disallowInternal(srcDir string, importer *Package, importerPath string, p *
 		return p
 	}
 
-	// The stack includes p.ImportPath.
-	// If that's the only thing on the stack, we started
+	// importerPath is empty: we started
 	// with a name given on the command line, not an
 	// import. Anything listed on the command line is fine.
-	if len(*stk) == 1 {
+	if importerPath == "" {
 		return p
 	}
 
@@ -1315,8 +1320,9 @@ func disallowInternal(srcDir string, importer *Package, importerPath string, p *
 	// Internal is present, and srcDir is outside parent's tree. Not allowed.
 	perr := *p
 	perr.Error = &PackageError{
-		ImportStack: stk.Copy(),
-		Err:         ImportErrorf(p.ImportPath, "use of internal package "+p.ImportPath+" not allowed"),
+		alwaysPrintStack: true,
+		ImportStack:      stk.Copy(),
+		Err:              ImportErrorf(p.ImportPath, "use of internal package "+p.ImportPath+" not allowed"),
 	}
 	perr.Incomplete = true
 	return &perr
@@ -1344,16 +1350,15 @@ func findInternal(path string) (index int, ok bool) {
 // disallowVendor checks that srcDir is allowed to import p as path.
 // If the import is allowed, disallowVendor returns the original package p.
 // If not, it returns a new package containing just an appropriate error.
-func disallowVendor(srcDir string, path string, p *Package, stk *ImportStack) *Package {
-	// The stack includes p.ImportPath.
-	// If that's the only thing on the stack, we started
+func disallowVendor(srcDir string, path string, importerPath string, p *Package, stk *ImportStack) *Package {
+	// If the importerPath is empty, we started
 	// with a name given on the command line, not an
 	// import. Anything listed on the command line is fine.
-	if len(*stk) == 1 {
+	if importerPath == "" {
 		return p
 	}
 
-	if perr := disallowVendorVisibility(srcDir, p, stk); perr != p {
+	if perr := disallowVendorVisibility(srcDir, p, importerPath, stk); perr != p {
 		return perr
 	}
 
@@ -1376,12 +1381,12 @@ func disallowVendor(srcDir string, path string, p *Package, stk *ImportStack) *P
 // is not subject to the rules, only subdirectories of vendor.
 // This allows people to have packages and commands named vendor,
 // for maximal compatibility with existing source trees.
-func disallowVendorVisibility(srcDir string, p *Package, stk *ImportStack) *Package {
-	// The stack includes p.ImportPath.
-	// If that's the only thing on the stack, we started
+func disallowVendorVisibility(srcDir string, p *Package, importerPath string, stk *ImportStack) *Package {
+	// The stack does not include p.ImportPath.
+	// If there's nothing on the stack, we started
 	// with a name given on the command line, not an
 	// import. Anything listed on the command line is fine.
-	if len(*stk) == 1 {
+	if importerPath == "" {
 		return p
 	}
 
@@ -1525,7 +1530,8 @@ func (p *Package) DefaultExecName() string {
 
 // load populates p using information from bp, err, which should
 // be the result of calling build.Context.Import.
-func (p *Package) load(stk *ImportStack, bp *build.Package, err error) {
+// stk contains the import stack, not including path itself.
+func (p *Package) load(path string, stk *ImportStack, bp *build.Package, err error) {
 	p.copyBuild(bp)
 
 	// The localPrefix is the path we interpret ./ imports relative to.
@@ -1548,7 +1554,16 @@ func (p *Package) load(stk *ImportStack, bp *build.Package, err error) {
 
 	if err != nil {
 		p.Incomplete = true
+		// Report path in error stack unless err is an ImportPathError with path already set.
+		pushed := false
+		if e, ok := err.(ImportPathError); !ok || e.ImportPath() != path {
+			stk.Push(path)
+			pushed = true // Remember to pop after setError.
+		}
 		setError(base.ExpandScanner(p.rewordError(err)))
+		if pushed {
+			stk.Pop()
+		}
 		if _, isScanErr := err.(scanner.ErrorList); !isScanErr {
 			return
 		}
@@ -1675,6 +1690,23 @@ func (p *Package) load(stk *ImportStack, bp *build.Package, err error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Check for case-insensitive collisions of import paths.
+	fold := str.ToFold(p.ImportPath)
+	if other := foldPath[fold]; other == "" {
+		foldPath[fold] = p.ImportPath
+	} else if other != p.ImportPath {
+		setError(ImportErrorf(p.ImportPath, "case-insensitive import collision: %q and %q", p.ImportPath, other))
+		return
+	}
+
+	if !SafeArg(p.ImportPath) {
+		setError(ImportErrorf(p.ImportPath, "invalid import path %q", p.ImportPath))
+		return
+	}
+
+	stk.Push(path)
+	defer stk.Pop()
+
 	// Check for case-insensitive collision of input files.
 	// To avoid problems on case-insensitive files, we reject any package
 	// where two different input files have equal names under a case-insensitive
@@ -1703,10 +1735,6 @@ func (p *Package) load(stk *ImportStack, bp *build.Package, err error) {
 		setError(fmt.Errorf("invalid input directory name %q", name))
 		return
 	}
-	if !SafeArg(p.ImportPath) {
-		setError(ImportErrorf(p.ImportPath, "invalid import path %q", p.ImportPath))
-		return
-	}
 
 	// Build list of imported packages and full dependency list.
 	imports := make([]*Package, 0, len(p.Imports))
@@ -1770,15 +1798,6 @@ func (p *Package) load(stk *ImportStack, bp *build.Package, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Check for case-insensitive collisions of import paths.
-	fold := str.ToFold(p.ImportPath)
-	if other := foldPath[fold]; other == "" {
-		foldPath[fold] = p.ImportPath
-	} else if other != p.ImportPath {
-		setError(ImportErrorf(p.ImportPath, "case-insensitive import collision: %q and %q", p.ImportPath, other))
-		return
-	}
-
 	if cfg.ModulesEnabled && p.Error == nil {
 		mainPath := p.ImportPath
 		if p.Internal.CmdlineFiles {
@@ -2266,9 +2285,7 @@ func GoFilesPackage(gofiles []string) *Package {
 	pkg := new(Package)
 	pkg.Internal.Local = true
 	pkg.Internal.CmdlineFiles = true
-	stk.Push("main")
-	pkg.load(&stk, bp, err)
-	stk.Pop()
+	pkg.load("command-line-arguments", &stk, bp, err)
 	pkg.Internal.LocalPrefix = dirToImportPath(dir)
 	pkg.ImportPath = "command-line-arguments"
 	pkg.Target = ""

src/cmd/go/internal/load/test.go

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ func TestPackagesFor(p *Package, cover *TestCover) (pmain, ptest, pxtest *Packag
 		}
 		if len(p1.DepsErrors) > 0 {
 			perr := p1.DepsErrors[0]
-			perr.Pos = "" // show full import stack
 			err = perr
 			break
 		}

src/cmd/go/testdata/script/mod_empty_err.txt

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ go list -e -f {{.Error}} ./empty
 stdout 'no Go files in \$WORK[/\\]empty'
 
 go list -e -f {{.Error}} ./exclude
-stdout 'package example.com/m/exclude: build constraints exclude all Go files in \$WORK[/\\]exclude'
+stdout 'build constraints exclude all Go files in \$WORK[/\\]exclude'
 
 go list -e -f {{.Error}} ./missing
 stdout 'stat '$WORK'[/\\]missing: directory not found'

src/cmd/go/testdata/script/test_import_error_stack.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 ! go test testdep/p1
 stderr 'package testdep/p1 \(test\)\n\timports testdep/p2\n\timports testdep/p3: build constraints exclude all Go files ' # check for full import stack
 
+! go vet testdep/p1
+stderr 'package testdep/p1 \(test\)\n\timports testdep/p2\n\timports testdep/p3: build constraints exclude all Go files ' # check for full import stack
+
 -- testdep/p1/p1.go --
 package p1
 -- testdep/p1/p1_test.go --

src/cmd/go/testdata/script/vet_internal.txt

@@ -3,28 +3,28 @@ env GO111MODULE=off
 # Issue 36173. Verify that "go vet" prints line numbers on load errors.
 
 ! go vet a/a.go
-stderr '^a[/\\]a.go:5:3: use of internal package'
+stderr '^package command-line-arguments\n\ta[/\\]a.go:5:3: use of internal package'
 
 ! go vet a/a_test.go
-stderr '^package command-line-arguments \(test\): use of internal package' # BUG
+stderr '^package command-line-arguments \(test\)\n\ta[/\\]a_test.go:4:3: use of internal package'
 
 ! go vet a
-stderr '^a[/\\]a.go:5:3: use of internal package'
+stderr '^package a\n\ta[/\\]a.go:5:3: use of internal package'
 
 go vet b/b.go
 ! stderr 'use of internal package'
 
 ! go vet b/b_test.go
-stderr '^package command-line-arguments \(test\): use of internal package' # BUG
+stderr '^package command-line-arguments \(test\)\n\tb[/\\]b_test.go:4:3: use of internal package'
 
 ! go vet depends-on-a/depends-on-a.go
-stderr '^a[/\\]a.go:5:3: use of internal package'
+stderr '^package command-line-arguments\n\timports a\n\ta[/\\]a.go:5:3: use of internal package'
 
 ! go vet depends-on-a/depends-on-a_test.go
-stderr '^package command-line-arguments \(test\)\n\timports a: use of internal package a/x/internal/y not allowed$' # BUG
+stderr '^package command-line-arguments \(test\)\n\timports a\n\ta[/\\]a.go:5:3: use of internal package a/x/internal/y not allowed'
 
 ! go vet depends-on-a
-stderr '^a[/\\]a.go:5:3: use of internal package'
+stderr '^package depends-on-a\n\timports a\n\ta[/\\]a.go:5:3: use of internal package'
 
 -- a/a.go --
 // A package with bad imports in both src and test