Add images.Dither filter

Closes #8598

docs/content/en/functions/images/Dither.md

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+---
+title: images.Dither
+description: Returns an image filter that dithers an image.
+categories: []
+keywords: []
+action:
+  aliases: []
+  related:
+    - functions/images/Filter
+    - functions/images/Process
+    - methods/resource/Colors
+    - methods/resource/Filter
+  returnType: images.filter
+  signatures: ['images.Dither [OPTIONS]']
+toc: true
+---
+
+## Options
+
+colors
+: (`string array`) A slice of two or more colors that make up the dithering palette, each expressed as an RGB or RGBA [hexadecimal] value, with or without a leading hash mark. The default values are opaque black (`000000ff`) and opaque white (`ffffffff`).
+
+[hexadecimal]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hex-color
+
+method
+: (`string`) The dithering method. See the [dithering methods](#dithering-methods) section below for a list of the available methods. Default is `FloydSteinberg`.
+
+serpentine
+: (`bool`) Applicable to error diffusion dithering methods, serpentine controls whether the error diffusion matrix is applied in a serpentine manner, meaning that it goes right-to-left every other line. This greatly reduces line-type artifacts. Default is `true`.
+
+strength
+: (`float`) The strength at which to apply the dithering matrix, typically a value in the range [0, 1]. A value of `1.0` applies the dithering matrix at 100% strength (no modifification of the dither matrix). The `strength` is inversely proportional to contrast; reducing the strength increases the contrast. Setting `strength` to a value such as `0.8` can be useful to reduce noise in the dithered image. Default is `1.0`.
+
+## Usage
+
+Create the options map:
+
+```go-html-template
+{{ $opts := dict
+  "colors" (slice "222222" "808080" "dddddd")
+  "method" "ClusteredDot4x4"
+  "strength" 0.85
+}}
+```
+
+Create the filter:
+
+```go-html-template
+{{ $filter := images.Dither $opts }}
+```
+
+Or create the filter using the default settings:
+
+```go-html-template
+{{ $filter := images.Dither }}
+```
+
+{{% include "functions/images/_common/apply-image-filter.md" %}}
+
+## Dithering methods
+
+See the [Go documentation] for descriptions of each of the dithering methods below.
+
+[Go documentation]: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/makeworld-the-better-one/dither/v2#pkg-variables 
+
+Error diffusion dithering methods:
+
+- Atkinson
+- Burkes
+- FalseFloydSteinberg
+- FloydSteinberg
+- JarvisJudiceNinke
+- Sierra
+- Sierra2
+- Sierra2_4A
+- Sierra3
+- SierraLite
+- Simple2D
+- StevenPigeon
+- Stucki
+- TwoRowSierra
+
+Ordered dithering methods:
+
+- ClusteredDot4x4
+- ClusteredDot6x6
+- ClusteredDot6x6_2
+- ClusteredDot6x6_3
+- ClusteredDot8x8
+- ClusteredDotDiagonal16x16
+- ClusteredDotDiagonal6x6
+- ClusteredDotDiagonal8x8
+- ClusteredDotDiagonal8x8_2
+- ClusteredDotDiagonal8x8_3
+- ClusteredDotHorizontalLine
+- ClusteredDotSpiral5x5
+- ClusteredDotVerticalLine
+- Horizontal3x5
+- Vertical5x3
+
+## Example
+
+This example uses the default dithering options.
+
+{{< img
+  src="images/examples/zion-national-park.jpg"
+  alt="Zion National Park"
+  filter="Dither"
+  filterArgs=""
+  example=true
+>}}
+
+## Recommendations
+
+Regardless of dithering method, do both of the following to obtain the best results:
+
+1. Scale the image _before_ dithering
+2. Output the image to a lossless format such as GIF or PNG
+
+The example below does both of these, and it sets the dithering palette to the three most dominant colors in the image.
+
+
+```go-html-template
+{{ with resources.Get "original.jpg" }}
+  {{ $opts := dict
+    "method" "ClusteredDotSpiral5x5"
+    "colors" (first 3 .Colors)
+  }}
+  {{ $filters := slice
+    (images.Process "resize 800x")
+    (images.Dither $opts)
+    (images.Process "png")
+  }}
+  {{ with . | images.Filter $filters }}
+    <img src="{{ .RelPermalink }}" width="{{ .Width }}" height="{{ .Height }}" alt="">
+  {{ end }}
+{{ end }}
+```
+
+For best results, if the dithering palette is grayscale, convert the image to grayscale before dithering.
+
+```go-html-template
+{{ $opts := dict "colors" (slice "222" "808080" "ddd") }}
+{{ $filters := slice
+  (images.Process "resize 800x")
+  (images.Grayscale)
+  (images.Dither $opts)
+  (images.Process "png")
+}}
+{{ with images.Filter $filters . }}
+  <img src="{{ .RelPermalink }}" width="{{ .Width }}" height="{{ .Height }}" alt="">
+{{ end }}
+```
+
+The example above:
+
+1. Resizes the image to be 800 px wide
+2. Converts the image to grayscale
+3. Dithers the image using the default (`FloydSteinberg`) dithering method with a grayscale palette
+4. Converts the image to the PNG format