Node2D global_position does not update when set before it's added to the scene tree

[mxteries]

Godot version

4.1 stable, 4.1.1 rc1

System information

Windows 10, Forward +

Issue description

When updating the global_position of a Node2D that's outside of the scene tree, the global_position does not update. I came across this issue because when I instantiate a scene, I usually set the instantiated object's properties before adding it to the scene tree. When I tried setting the global_position, I noticed the value seems to stay at (0,0). Interestingly, even though the global_position does not update, the position property does. Is it fine to update a node's (global) position when it's not inside the scene tree? Or should we not do this

Also possibly related to #75676

Steps to reproduce

extends Node

func _ready() -> void:
	var a = Node2D.new()
	a.global_position = Vector2(1, 1)
	assert(a.global_position == Vector2(1, 1))

The above assertion fails on 4.1 stable and 4.1.1 rc1, but succeeds on 4.0.2 and 4.0.3. I didn't test other versions besides these

Minimal reproduction project

N/A

[kleonc]

Broken between v4.1.dev2.official [668cf3c] and v4.1.dev3.official [a67d37f]. So likely a regression from #77000 or #77145.
(we should probably add tests against such regressions when fixing it)