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There is a very useful tools collection available, called usb-tools Running Raspbian from USB Devices : Made Easy which contains four very nice tools called usb-boot, sdc-boot, mbr2gpt and set-partuuid.
Use invokeTool.sh to download and call a tool immediately.
- Example:
curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/framps/raspberryTools/master/invokeTool.sh | bash -s -- findSensors.sh -s mwill download and call findSensors.sh with argument-s m.
Or use downloadRepoFiles.sh to select multiple tools you want to download and test first. Optionally you can install them later with option -i.
Command to download and execute downloadRepoFiles.sh:
curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/framps/raspberryTools/master/downloadRepoFiles.sh | bash -s -- -i
For sample outputs of the tools click the links.
-
raspiNetInfo.sh - Collect network information for people who want to help in network problem determination and test for common network configuration errors
-
checkWLANAndRestart.sh - Check on regular base for WLAN connection and either restart network interface or reboot Raspberry if there is no connection
-
checkThrottled.sh - Check Raspberry throttled bits with
vcgencmd get_throttledand display their meaning if throtteling happened since boot or since last script invocation -
testCPUTemperature.sh - Generates 100% CPU load on a Raspberry and monitors the CPU temperature. Useful to test the effectiveness of a heat sink and/or fan.
-
retrieveTerrabytesWritten.sh - Either retrieves the Total Bytes Written of all existing SSDs on the system or a specific SSD. Helps to get an idea when the SSD will reach it's end of life.
-
retrieveLifetimeWrites.sh - Either retrieves the LifetimeWrites of one or all existing ext2/ext3 and ext4 partitions. Helps to get an idea when the SD card or disk will reach it's end of life.
-
findRaspis.sh - Scan the local net for Raspberries and print the IPs, macs and hostnames sorted by IP. A config file can be used to add an additional descriptions for the hostname
-
findSensors.sh - Scan the local net for ESP sensors and print the IPs, macs and hostnames sorted by IP. A config file can be used to add an additional descriptions for the hostname
-
checkPARTUUIDsInDDImage.sh - Retrieve PARTUUIDs of Raspberry dd Backup image partitions /boot and / and check if they match in /boot/cmdline.txt and /etc/fstab
-
syncUUIDs.sh - Check whether /boot/cmdline.txt and /etc/fstab on a device match the UUIDs, PARTUUIDs or LABELs used on the device partitions. Option -u will synchronize the files. Useful when an image was cloned to another device and fails during boot.
-
raspiKernelInfo.sh - Retrieve info about the running system on a Raspberry
-
raspiHandleKernels.sh - Uninstall and reinstall unused kernels in a bookworm image to speed up apt upgrade processing
-
switchOS.sh - Switch the OS boot device if there are multiple boot devices (e.g. mmcblk0 and nvme0n1)
Display unused kernels
raspiHandleKernels.sh v0.2.4 (https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools)
--- Following kernel is used
linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-v8
--- Following 3 kernels are not required and can be uninstalled to speed up system updates
--- Note the kernel names are saved in /boot/raspiHandleKernels.krnl and thus can be reinstalled if hardware changes
linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712
linux-image-rpi-2712
linux-image-rpi-v8
--- Use option -e to uninstall 3 unused kernels
Uninstall unused kernels
./raspiHandleKernels.sh -e
raspiHandleKernels.sh v0.2.4 (https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools)
--- Following kernel is used
linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-v8
--- Following 3 kernels are not required and can be uninstalled to speed up system updates
--- Note the kernel names are saved in /boot/raspiHandleKernels.krnl and thus can be reinstalled if hardware changes
linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712
linux-image-rpi-2712
linux-image-rpi-v8
--- Are you sure to uninstall all 3 unused kernels ? (y/N) y
--- Do you have a backup ? (y/N) y
--- Saving 3 unused kernel names in /boot/raspiHandleKernels.krnl
--- Removing 3 unused kernels
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 linux-image-rpi-2712 linux-image-rpi-v8
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
After this operation, 33.0 MB disk space will be freed.
(Reading database ... 55838 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...
Removing linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/z50-raspi-firmware:
removed '/boot/firmware/kernel_2712.img'
removed '/boot/firmware/initramfs_2712'
Removing linux-image-rpi-v8 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...
Display kernels which will be reinstalled
./raspiHandleKernels.sh
raspiHandleKernels.sh v0.2.4 (https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools)
--- Following 3 unused kernels can be reinstalled
linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712
linux-image-rpi-2712
linux-image-rpi-v8
--- Use option -e to reinstall 3 unused kernels
Reinstall unused kernels
./raspiHandleKernels.sh -e
raspiHandleKernels.sh v0.2.4 (https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools)
--- Following 3 unused kernels can be reinstalled
linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712
linux-image-rpi-2712
linux-image-rpi-v8
--- Are you sure to reinstall all 3 unused kernels ? (y/N) y
--- Installing 3 unused kernels
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
ySuggested packages:
linux-doc-6.6 debian-kernel-handbook
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 29.4 MB of archives.
After this operation, 32.9 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.raspberrypi.com/debian bookworm/main arm64 linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 arm64 1:6.6.31-1+rpt1 [29.4 MB]
Fetched 29.4 MB in 3s (10.5 MB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712.
(Reading database ... 53260 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712_1%3a6.6.31-1+rpt1_arm64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...
Setting up linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712
'/boot/initrd.img-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712' -> '/boot/firmware/initramfs_2712'
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/z50-raspi-firmware:
'/boot/vmlinuz-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712' -> '/boot/firmware/kernel_2712.img'
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-image-rpi-2712
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,432 B of archives.
After this operation, 13.3 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.raspberrypi.com/debian bookworm/main arm64 linux-image-rpi-2712 arm64 1:6.6.31-1+rpt1 [1,432 B]
Fetched 1,432 B in 0s (8,335 B/s)
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-rpi-2712.
(Reading database ... 55832 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-rpi-2712_1%3a6.6.31-1+rpt1_arm64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...
Setting up linux-image-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-image-rpi-v8
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,428 B of archives.
After this operation, 13.3 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.raspberrypi.com/debian bookworm/main arm64 linux-image-rpi-v8 arm64 1:6.6.31-1+rpt1 [1,428 B]
Fetched 1,428 B in 0s (8,847 B/s)
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-rpi-v8.
(Reading database ... 55835 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-rpi-v8_1%3a6.6.31-1+rpt1_arm64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-rpi-v8 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...
Setting up linux-image-rpi-v8 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...
findRaspis.sh
Scanning subnet 192.168.0.0/24 for Raspberries ...
IP address Mac address Hostname (Description)
192.168.0.8 b8:27:eb:b4:e8:74 troubadix (Networking server)
192.168.0.10 b8:27:eb:3c:94:90 idefix (Homeautomation server)
192.168.0.12 dc:a6:32:8f:28:fd asterix (LAN server)
findSensors.sh
Scanning subnet 192.168.0.0/24 for ESPs ...
IP address Mac address Hostname (Description)
192.168.0.101 24:62:ab:f3:04:74 sensor3.fritz.box (brightness)
192.168.0.108 24:a1:60:3d:46:1d sensor51.fritz.box (Roof)
192.168.0.109 48:3f:da:ab:00:4c sensor52.fritz.box (1st floor)
192.168.0.123 10:52:1c:5d:5c:ac ESPGW1.fritz.box (ESPNow gateway)
192.168.0.126 a4:cf:12:f5:a4:ff sensor10.fritz.box (development room)
192.168.0.143 24:a1:60:3b:87:e0 sensor50.fritz.box (2nd floor)
192.168.0.144 10:52:1c:02:44:d7 sensor15.fritz.box (basement)
192.168.0.161 a4:cf:12:f4:d9:e4 sensor9.fritz.box (living room)
192.168.0.165 e0:98:06:86:2a:71 sensor12.fritz.box (IT room)
Check UUIDs (UUIDs are OK):
sudo syncUUIDs.sh /dev/mmcblk0
--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt
--- Boot PARTUUID 18aea473-01 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
Check UUIDs (UUIDs are not OK) (Note: There is a mix of UUID and PARTUUID usage):
sudo syncUUIDs.sh /dev/mmcblk0
!!! PARTUUID 1aea473-02 should be updated to 18aea473-02 in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt
!!! UUID 18aea473-01 should be updated to 5DF9-E225 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
!!! PARTUUID 18aea47-02 should be updated to 18aea473-02 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
!!! Use option -u to update the incorrect UUIDs or PARTUUIDs
Update UUIDs (UUIDs are not OK):
sudo syncUUIDs.sh -u /dev/mmcblk0
--- Creating cmdline backup cmdline.txt.bak on /dev/mmcblk0p1
--- Updating PARTUUID 1aea473-02 to 18aea473-02 in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt
--- Creating fstab backup etc/fstab.bak on /dev/mmcblk0p2
--- Updating UUID 18aea473-01 to 5DF9-E225 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
--- Updating PARTUUID 18aea47-02 to 18aea473-02 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
Check if update was successfull :
sudo syncUUIDs.sh /dev/mmcblk0
--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt
--- Boot UUID 5DF9-E225 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
Use PARTUUID in fstab now:
sudo syncUUIDs.sh -u /dev/mmcblk0
--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt
--- Creating fstab backup etc/fstab.bak on /dev/mmcblk0p2
--- Updating PARTUUID 5DF9-E225 to 18aea473-01 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
sudo syncUUIDs.sh /dev/mmcblk0
--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt
--- Boot PARTUUID 18aea473-01 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab
pi@raspberrypi-buster:~ $ ./checkThrottled.sh
Throttling in hex (bits reset on boot): 0x20000
Bit 17 set: Arm frequency capped has occurred
Throttling in hex: 0x20002 (bits reset every call)
pi@raspberrypi-buster:~ $ ./testCPUTemperature.sh -i 5
Generate 100% CPU utilization and measure CPU temperature ...
CPU watch interval: 5s
Watch +0s:temp=55.8'C
Starting run 1: +0s:temp=56.4'C
Watch +5s:temp=64.5'C
Watch +10s:temp=67.7'C
Watch +15s:temp=70.4'C
Watch +20s:temp=73.1'C
Watch +25s:temp=74.1'C
Watch +30s:temp=76.3'C
Watch +35s:temp=77.4'C
Watch +40s:temp=79.0'C
Watch +45s:temp=80.6'C
Watch +50s:temp=80.6'C
Watch +55s:temp=81.1'C
Watch +60s:temp=81.7'C
Watch +65s:temp=82.2'C
Watch +70s:temp=82.7'C
Watch +75s:temp=82.7'C
sudo retrieveLifetimeWrites.sh -a
LTW of /dev/mmcblk0p2: 57.35 GiB
LTW of /dev/sdd1: 1.66 TiB
LTW of /dev/md0: 596.31 GiB
sudo retrieveTBW.sh -a
TBW of sda: 1.56 TiB
Tests executed:
- IP assigned?
- ping of IP in internet possible?
- ping of hostname in internet possible?
- default gateway defined?
- nameserver defined in /etc/resolv.conf
- ssid found with iwlist scan?
- ssid conforms to IEEE 802.11?
Sensitive information like external IPs, MAC addresses, SSIDs and keys in config files are masqueraded.
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ ./raspiNetInfo.sh -e
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions
[spoiler][code]
raspiNetInfo.sh V0.2.9, $/$ -
--- RNI010I: Starting collection of data and network analysis. This may take some time ...
--- RNI012I: Ping of 8.8.8.8 successful
--- RNI012I: Ping of www.google.com successful
--- uname -a
Linux raspberrypi 4.1.13+ #826 PREEMPT Fri Nov 13 20:13:22 GMT 2015 armv6l GNU/Linux
--- [ -d /home/pi/.xbmc ]
no
--- ip a s | egrep "(eth|wlan)
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether @@:@@:@@:@@:@@ brd @@:@@:@@:@@:@@
inet 192.168.0.109/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
link/ether @@:@@:@@:@@:@@ brd @@:@@:@@:@@:@@
inet 192.168.0.118/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global wlan0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
--- cat /etc/resolv | grep -i "nameserver"
nameserver 192.168.0.1
--- cat /etc/network/interfaces
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
iface eth0 inet dhcp
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet manual
wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
iface default inet dhcp
--- cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost raspberrypi.@@@@@@@@@@.de
127.0.1.1 owncloud
--- ip r s | egrep "(eth|wlan)"
default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0
192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.109
192.168.0.0/24 dev wlan0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.118
--- ip n s
192.168.0.6 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.3 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.10 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.1 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.113 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.3 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.6 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.1 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ REACHABLE
192.168.0.113 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ REACHABLE
--- RNI016I: Check logile raspiNetInfo.log for sensitive data before publishing
[/code][/spoiler]
pi@raspberrypi ~ $ ./raspiNetInfo.sh -s MySSID
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions
[spoiler][code]
raspiNetInfo.sh V0.2.9, $/$ -
--- RNI010I: Starting collection of data and network analysis. This may take some time ...
--- RNI012I: Ping of 8.8.8.8 successful
??? RNI013E: Ping of www.google.com failed
--- uname -a
Linux raspberrypi 4.1.13+ #826 PREEMPT Fri Nov 13 20:13:22 GMT 2015 armv6l GNU/Linux
--- [ -d /home/pi/.xbmc ]
no
--- ip a s | egrep "(eth|wlan)
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether @@:@@:@@:@@:@@ brd @@:@@:@@:@@:@@
inet 192.168.0.109/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
link/ether @@:@@:@@:@@:@@ brd @@:@@:@@:@@:@@
inet 192.168.0.118/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global wlan0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
--- cat /etc/resolv | grep -i "nameserver"
nameserver 192.168.0.1
--- cat /etc/network/interfaces
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
iface eth0 inet dhcp
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet manual
wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
iface default inet dhcp
--- cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost raspberrypi.@@@@@@@@@.de
127.0.1.1 owncloud
--- ip r s | egrep "(eth|wlan)"
default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0
192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.109
192.168.0.0/24 dev wlan0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.118
--- ip n s
192.168.0.6 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.3 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.10 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.1 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.113 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.3 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.6 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE
192.168.0.1 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ REACHABLE
192.168.0.113 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ REACHABLE
--- lsusb | grep -v "root hub" | grep -i "wire"
Bus 001 Device 006: ID 0846:9030 NetGear, Inc. WNA1100 Wireless-N 150 [Atheros AR9271]
--- iwconfig (eth und wlan)
wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"@@@@@@@@"
Mode:Managed Frequency:2.412 GHz Access Point: @@:@@:@@:@@:@@
Link Quality=40/70 Signal level=-70 dBm
Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0
Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:5308 Missed beacon:0
--- /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
network={
ssid="@@@@@@@@"
psk="@@@@@@@@"
proto=RSN
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
pairwise=CCMP
auth_alg=OPEN
}
--- grep wpa_action /var/log/messages | tail -n 15
--- RNI016I: Check logile raspiNetInfo.log for sensitive data before publishing
[/code][/spoiler]