Don't unwind stack while suspended, when possible

Initial draft. I need to test this more.

If a promise is passed to `use`, but the I/O isn't cached, we should
still be able to unwrap it.

This already worked in Server Components, and during SSR.

For Fiber (in the browser), before this fix the state would get lost
between attempts unless the promise resolved immediately in a microtask,
which requires IO to be cached. This was due to an implementation quirk
of Fiber where the state is reset as soon as the stack unwinds. The
workaround is to suspend the entire Fiber work loop until the
promise resolves.

The Server Components and SSR runtimes don't require a workaround: they
can maintain multiple parallel child tasks and reuse the state
indefinitely across attempts. That's ideally how Fiber should work, too,
but it will require larger refactor.

The downside of our approach in Fiber is that it won't "warm up" the
siblings while you're suspended, but to avoid waterfalls you're supposed
to hoist data fetches higher in the tree regardless. But we have other
ideas for how we can add this back in the future. (Though again, this
doesn't affect Server Components, which already have the ideal
behavior.)

packages/react-reconciler/src/ReactFiberWorkLoop.new.js

@@ -9,10 +9,13 @@
 
 import {REACT_STRICT_MODE_TYPE} from 'shared/ReactSymbols';
 
-import type {Wakeable} from 'shared/ReactTypes';
+import type {Wakeable, Thenable} from 'shared/ReactTypes';
 import type {Fiber, FiberRoot} from './ReactInternalTypes';
 import type {Lanes, Lane} from './ReactFiberLane.new';
-import type {SuspenseState} from './ReactFiberSuspenseComponent.new';
+import type {
+  SuspenseProps,
+  SuspenseState,
+} from './ReactFiberSuspenseComponent.new';
 import type {FunctionComponentUpdateQueue} from './ReactFiberHooks.new';
 import type {EventPriority} from './ReactEventPriorities.new';
 import type {
@@ -271,6 +274,10 @@ import {
   isThenableStateResolved,
 } from './ReactFiberThenable.new';
 import {schedulePostPaintCallback} from './ReactPostPaintCallback';
+import {
+  getSuspenseHandler,
+  isBadSuspenseFallback,
+} from './ReactFiberSuspenseContext.new';
 
 const ceil = Math.ceil;
 
@@ -312,7 +319,7 @@ let workInProgressRootRenderLanes: Lanes = NoLanes;
 opaque type SuspendedReason = 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4;
 const NotSuspended: SuspendedReason = 0;
 const SuspendedOnError: SuspendedReason = 1;
-// const SuspendedOnData: SuspendedReason = 2;
+const SuspendedOnData: SuspendedReason = 2;
 const SuspendedOnImmediate: SuspendedReason = 3;
 const SuspendedAndReadyToUnwind: SuspendedReason = 4;
 
@@ -706,6 +713,18 @@ export function scheduleUpdateOnFiber(
     }
   }
 
+  // Check if the work loop is currently suspended and waiting for data to
+  // finish loading.
+  if (
+    workInProgressSuspendedReason === SuspendedOnData &&
+    root === workInProgressRoot
+  ) {
+    // The incoming update might unblock the current render. Interrupt the
+    // current attempt and restart from the top.
+    prepareFreshStack(root, NoLanes);
+    markRootSuspended(root, workInProgressRootRenderLanes);
+  }
+
   // Mark that the root has a pending update.
   markRootUpdated(root, lane, eventTime);
 
@@ -1130,6 +1149,20 @@ function performConcurrentWorkOnRoot(root, didTimeout) {
   if (root.callbackNode === originalCallbackNode) {
     // The task node scheduled for this root is the same one that's
     // currently executed. Need to return a continuation.
+    if (
+      workInProgressRoot !== null &&
+      workInProgressSuspendedReason === SuspendedOnData
+    ) {
+      // Special case: The work loop is currently suspended and waiting for
+      // data to resolve. Unschedule the current task.
+      //
+      // TODO: The factoring is a little weird. Arguably this should be checked
+      // in ensureRootIsScheduled instead. I went back and forth, not totally
+      // sure yet.
+      root.callbackPriority = NoLane;
+      root.callbackNode = null;
+      return null;
+    }
     return performConcurrentWorkOnRoot.bind(null, root);
   }
   return null;
@@ -1739,7 +1772,9 @@ function handleThrow(root, thrownValue): void {
     // deprecate the old API in favor of `use`.
     thrownValue = getSuspendedThenable();
     workInProgressSuspendedThenableState = getThenableStateAfterSuspending();
-    workInProgressSuspendedReason = SuspendedOnImmediate;
+    workInProgressSuspendedReason = shouldAttemptToSuspendUntilDataResolves()
+      ? SuspendedOnData
+      : SuspendedOnImmediate;
   } else {
     // This is a regular error. If something earlier in the component already
     // suspended, we must clear the thenable state to unblock the work loop.
@@ -1796,6 +1831,48 @@ function handleThrow(root, thrownValue): void {
   }
 }
 
+function shouldAttemptToSuspendUntilDataResolves() {
+  // TODO: We should be able to move the
+  // renderDidSuspend/renderDidSuspendWithDelay logic into this function,
+  // instead of repeating it in the complete phase. Or something to that effect.
+
+  if (includesOnlyRetries(workInProgressRootRenderLanes)) {
+    // We can always wait during a retry.
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // TODO: We should be able to remove the equivalent check in
+  // finishConcurrentRender, and rely just on this one.
+  if (includesOnlyTransitions(workInProgressRootRenderLanes)) {
+    const suspenseHandler = getSuspenseHandler();
+    if (suspenseHandler !== null && suspenseHandler.tag === SuspenseComponent) {
+      const currentSuspenseHandler = suspenseHandler.alternate;
+      const nextProps: SuspenseProps = suspenseHandler.memoizedProps;
+      if (isBadSuspenseFallback(currentSuspenseHandler, nextProps)) {
+        // The nearest Suspense boundary is already showing content. We should
+        // avoid replacing it with a fallback, and instead wait until the
+        // data finishes loading.
+        return true;
+      } else {
+        // This is not a bad fallback condition. We should show a fallback
+        // immediately instead of waiting for the data to resolve. This includes
+        // when suspending inside new trees.
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // During a transition, if there is no Suspense boundary (i.e. suspending in
+    // the "shell" of an application), or if we're inside a hidden tree, then
+    // we should wait until the data finishes loading.
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // For all other Lanes besides Transitions and Retries, we should not wait
+  // for the data to load.
+  // TODO: We should wait during Offscreen prerendering, too.
+  return false;
+}
+
 function pushDispatcher(container) {
   prepareRendererToRender(container);
   const prevDispatcher = ReactCurrentDispatcher.current;
@@ -2060,7 +2137,7 @@ function renderRootConcurrent(root: FiberRoot, lanes: Lanes) {
     markRenderStarted(lanes);
   }
 
-  do {
+  outer: do {
     try {
       if (
         workInProgressSuspendedReason !== NotSuspended &&
@@ -2070,19 +2147,48 @@ function renderRootConcurrent(root: FiberRoot, lanes: Lanes) {
         // replay the suspended component.
         const unitOfWork = workInProgress;
         const thrownValue = workInProgressThrownValue;
-        workInProgressSuspendedReason = NotSuspended;
-        workInProgressThrownValue = null;
         switch (workInProgressSuspendedReason) {
           case SuspendedOnError: {
             // Unwind then continue with the normal work loop.
+            workInProgressSuspendedReason = NotSuspended;
+            workInProgressThrownValue = null;
             unwindSuspendedUnitOfWork(unitOfWork, thrownValue);
             break;
           }
+          case SuspendedOnData: {
+            const didResolve =
+              workInProgressSuspendedThenableState !== null &&
+              isThenableStateResolved(workInProgressSuspendedThenableState);
+            if (didResolve) {
+              workInProgressSuspendedReason = NotSuspended;
+              workInProgressThrownValue = null;
+              replaySuspendedUnitOfWork(unitOfWork, thrownValue);
+            } else {
+              // The work loop is suspended on data. We should wait for it to
+              // resolve before continuing to render.
+              const thenable: Thenable<mixed> = (workInProgressThrownValue: any);
+              const onResolution = () => {
+                ensureRootIsScheduled(root, now());
+              };
+              thenable.then(onResolution, onResolution);
+              break outer;
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+          case SuspendedOnImmediate: {
+            // If this fiber just suspended, it's possible the data is already
+            // cached. Yield to the main thread to give it a chance to ping. If
+            // it does, we can retry immediately without unwinding the stack.
+            workInProgressSuspendedReason = SuspendedAndReadyToUnwind;
+            break outer;
+          }
           default: {
-            const wasPinged =
+            workInProgressSuspendedReason = NotSuspended;
+            workInProgressThrownValue = null;
+            const didResolve =
               workInProgressSuspendedThenableState !== null &&
               isThenableStateResolved(workInProgressSuspendedThenableState);
-            if (wasPinged) {
+            if (didResolve) {
               replaySuspendedUnitOfWork(unitOfWork, thrownValue);
             } else {
               unwindSuspendedUnitOfWork(unitOfWork, thrownValue);
@@ -2096,12 +2202,6 @@ function renderRootConcurrent(root: FiberRoot, lanes: Lanes) {
       break;
     } catch (thrownValue) {
       handleThrow(root, thrownValue);
-      if (workInProgressSuspendedThenableState !== null) {
-        // If this fiber just suspended, it's possible the data is already
-        // cached. Yield to the main thread to give it a chance to ping. If
-        // it does, we can retry immediately without unwinding the stack.
-        break;
-      }
     }
   } while (true);
   resetContextDependencies();