consensus/ethash, params: eip-2384: bump difficulty bomb (#20347)

* consensus/ethash, params: implement eip-2384: bump difficulty bomb

* params: EIP 2384 compat checks

* consensus, params: add Muir Glacier block number (mainnet,ropsten) + official name

* core/forkid: forkid tests for muir glacier

* params/config: address review concerns

* params, core/forkid: review nitpicks

* cmd/geth,eth,les: add override option for muir glacier

* params: nit fix

cmd/geth/config.go

@@ -150,6 +150,9 @@ func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context) *node.Node {
 	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.OverrideIstanbulFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.Eth.OverrideIstanbul = new(big.Int).SetUint64(ctx.GlobalUint64(utils.OverrideIstanbulFlag.Name))
 	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.OverrideMuirGlacierFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.Eth.OverrideMuirGlacier = new(big.Int).SetUint64(ctx.GlobalUint64(utils.OverrideMuirGlacierFlag.Name))
+	}
 	utils.RegisterEthService(stack, &cfg.Eth)
 
 	// Whisper must be explicitly enabled by specifying at least 1 whisper flag or in dev mode

cmd/geth/main.go

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ var (
 		utils.NoUSBFlag,
 		utils.SmartCardDaemonPathFlag,
 		utils.OverrideIstanbulFlag,
+		utils.OverrideMuirGlacierFlag,
 		utils.EthashCacheDirFlag,
 		utils.EthashCachesInMemoryFlag,
 		utils.EthashCachesOnDiskFlag,

cmd/utils/flags.go

@@ -237,6 +237,10 @@ var (
 		Name:  "override.istanbul",
 		Usage: "Manually specify Istanbul fork-block, overriding the bundled setting",
 	}
+	OverrideMuirGlacierFlag = cli.Uint64Flag{
+		Name:  "override.muirglacier",
+		Usage: "Manually specify Muir Glacier fork-block, overriding the bundled setting",
+	}
 	// Light server and client settings
 	LightLegacyServFlag = cli.IntFlag{ // Deprecated in favor of light.serve, remove in 2021
 		Name:  "lightserv",

consensus/ethash/consensus.go

@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@ var (
 	maxUncles                 = 2                 // Maximum number of uncles allowed in a single block
 	allowedFutureBlockTime    = 15 * time.Second  // Max time from current time allowed for blocks, before they're considered future blocks
 
+	// calcDifficultyEip2384 is the difficulty adjustment algorithm as specified by EIP 2384.
+	// It offsets the bomb 4M blocks from Constantinople, so in total 9M blocks.
+	// Specification EIP-2384: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2384
+	calcDifficultyEip2384 = makeDifficultyCalculator(big.NewInt(9000000))
+
 	// calcDifficultyConstantinople is the difficulty adjustment algorithm for Constantinople.
 	// It returns the difficulty that a new block should have when created at time given the
 	// parent block's time and difficulty. The calculation uses the Byzantium rules, but with
@@ -311,6 +316,8 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) CalcDifficulty(chain consensus.ChainReader, time uint64, p
 func CalcDifficulty(config *params.ChainConfig, time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
 	next := new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number, big1)
 	switch {
+	case config.IsMuirGlacier(next):
+		return calcDifficultyEip2384(time, parent)
 	case config.IsConstantinople(next):
 		return calcDifficultyConstantinople(time, parent)
 	case config.IsByzantium(next):

core/forkid/forkid_test.go

@@ -57,8 +57,10 @@ func TestCreation(t *testing.T) {
 				{7279999, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xa00bc324), Next: 7280000}}, // Last Byzantium block
 				{7280000, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x668db0af), Next: 9069000}}, // First and last Constantinople, first Petersburg block
 				{9068999, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x668db0af), Next: 9069000}}, // Last Petersburg block
-				{9069000, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x879d6e30), Next: 0}},       // Today Istanbul block
-				{10000000, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x879d6e30), Next: 0}},      // Future Istanbul block
+				{9069000, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x879d6e30), Next: 9200000}}, // First Istanbul and first Muir Glacier block
+				{9199999, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x879d6e30), Next: 9200000}}, // Last Istanbul and first Muir Glacier block
+				{9200000, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xe029e991), Next: 0}},       // First Muir Glacier block
+				{10000000, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xe029e991), Next: 0}},      // Future Muir Glacier block
 			},
 		},
 		// Ropsten test cases
@@ -76,8 +78,10 @@ func TestCreation(t *testing.T) {
 				{4939393, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x97b544f3), Next: 4939394}}, // Last Constantinople block
 				{4939394, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xd6e2149b), Next: 6485846}}, // First Petersburg block
 				{6485845, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xd6e2149b), Next: 6485846}}, // Last Petersburg block
-				{6485846, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x4bc66396), Next: 0}},       // First Istanbul block
-				{7500000, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x4bc66396), Next: 0}},       // Future Istanbul block
+				{6485846, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x4bc66396), Next: 7117117}}, // First Istanbul block
+				{7117116, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x4bc66396), Next: 7117117}}, // Last Istanbul block
+				{7117117, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x6727ef90), Next: 0}},       // First Muir Glacier block
+				{7500000, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x6727ef90), Next: 0}},       // Future
 			},
 		},
 		// Rinkeby test cases
@@ -181,11 +185,11 @@ func TestValidation(t *testing.T) {
 		// Local is mainnet Petersburg, remote is Rinkeby Petersburg.
 		{7987396, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xafec6b27), Next: 0}, ErrLocalIncompatibleOrStale},
 
-		// Local is mainnet Istanbul, far in the future. Remote announces Gopherium (non existing fork)
+		// Local is mainnet Muir Glacier, far in the future. Remote announces Gopherium (non existing fork)
 		// at some future block 88888888, for itself, but past block for local. Local is incompatible.
 		//
 		// This case detects non-upgraded nodes with majority hash power (typical Ropsten mess).
-		{88888888, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x879d6e30), Next: 88888888}, ErrLocalIncompatibleOrStale},
+		{88888888, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xe029e991), Next: 88888888}, ErrLocalIncompatibleOrStale},
 
 		// Local is mainnet Byzantium. Remote is also in Byzantium, but announces Gopherium (non existing
 		// fork) at block 7279999, before Petersburg. Local is incompatible.

core/genesis.go

@@ -152,10 +152,10 @@ func (e *GenesisMismatchError) Error() string {
 //
 // The returned chain configuration is never nil.
 func SetupGenesisBlock(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
-	return SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db, genesis, nil)
+	return SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db, genesis, nil, nil)
 }
 
-func SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis, overrideIstanbul *big.Int) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
+func SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis, overrideIstanbul, overrideMuirGlacier *big.Int) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
 	if genesis != nil && genesis.Config == nil {
 		return params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, common.Hash{}, errGenesisNoConfig
 	}
@@ -207,6 +207,9 @@ func SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis, override
 	if overrideIstanbul != nil {
 		newcfg.IstanbulBlock = overrideIstanbul
 	}
+	if overrideMuirGlacier != nil {
+		newcfg.MuirGlacierBlock = overrideMuirGlacier
+	}
 	if err := newcfg.CheckConfigForkOrder(); err != nil {
 		return newcfg, common.Hash{}, err
 	}

eth/backend.go

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ func New(ctx *node.ServiceContext, config *Config) (*Ethereum, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chainDb, config.Genesis, config.OverrideIstanbul)
+	chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chainDb, config.Genesis, config.OverrideIstanbul, config.OverrideMuirGlacier)
 	if _, ok := genesisErr.(*params.ConfigCompatError); genesisErr != nil && !ok {
 		return nil, genesisErr
 	}

eth/config.go

@@ -157,4 +157,7 @@ type Config struct {
 
 	// Istanbul block override (TODO: remove after the fork)
 	OverrideIstanbul *big.Int
+
+	// MuirGlacier block override (TODO: remove after the fork)
+	OverrideMuirGlacier *big.Int
 }

les/client.go

@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ func New(ctx *node.ServiceContext, config *eth.Config) (*LightEthereum, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chainDb, config.Genesis, config.OverrideIstanbul)
+	chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chainDb, config.Genesis,
+		config.OverrideIstanbul, config.OverrideMuirGlacier)
 	if _, isCompat := genesisErr.(*params.ConfigCompatError); genesisErr != nil && !isCompat {
 		return nil, genesisErr
 	}

params/config.go

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ var (
 		ConstantinopleBlock: big.NewInt(7280000),
 		PetersburgBlock:     big.NewInt(7280000),
 		IstanbulBlock:       big.NewInt(9069000),
+		MuirGlacierBlock:    big.NewInt(9200000),
 		Ethash:              new(EthashConfig),
 	}
 
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ var (
 		ConstantinopleBlock: big.NewInt(4230000),
 		PetersburgBlock:     big.NewInt(4939394),
 		IstanbulBlock:       big.NewInt(6485846),
+		MuirGlacierBlock:    big.NewInt(7117117),
 		Ethash:              new(EthashConfig),
 	}
 
@@ -213,16 +215,16 @@ var (
 	//
 	// This configuration is intentionally not using keyed fields to force anyone
 	// adding flags to the config to also have to set these fields.
-	AllEthashProtocolChanges = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1337), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), nil, new(EthashConfig), nil}
+	AllEthashProtocolChanges = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1337), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), nil, nil, new(EthashConfig), nil}
 
 	// AllCliqueProtocolChanges contains every protocol change (EIPs) introduced
 	// and accepted by the Ethereum core developers into the Clique consensus.
 	//
 	// This configuration is intentionally not using keyed fields to force anyone
 	// adding flags to the config to also have to set these fields.
-	AllCliqueProtocolChanges = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1337), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), nil, nil, &CliqueConfig{Period: 0, Epoch: 30000}}
+	AllCliqueProtocolChanges = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1337), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), nil, nil, nil, &CliqueConfig{Period: 0, Epoch: 30000}}
 
-	TestChainConfig = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), nil, new(EthashConfig), nil}
+	TestChainConfig = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), nil, nil, new(EthashConfig), nil}
 	TestRules       = TestChainConfig.Rules(new(big.Int))
 )
 
@@ -292,6 +294,7 @@ type ChainConfig struct {
 	ConstantinopleBlock *big.Int `json:"constantinopleBlock,omitempty"` // Constantinople switch block (nil = no fork, 0 = already activated)
 	PetersburgBlock     *big.Int `json:"petersburgBlock,omitempty"`     // Petersburg switch block (nil = same as Constantinople)
 	IstanbulBlock       *big.Int `json:"istanbulBlock,omitempty"`       // Istanbul switch block (nil = no fork, 0 = already on istanbul)
+	MuirGlacierBlock    *big.Int `json:"muirGlacierBlock,omitempty"`    // Eip-2384 (bomb delay) switch block (nil = no fork, 0 = already activated)
 	EWASMBlock          *big.Int `json:"ewasmBlock,omitempty"`          // EWASM switch block (nil = no fork, 0 = already activated)
 
 	// Various consensus engines
@@ -329,7 +332,7 @@ func (c *ChainConfig) String() string {
 	default:
 		engine = "unknown"
 	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("{ChainID: %v Homestead: %v DAO: %v DAOSupport: %v EIP150: %v EIP155: %v EIP158: %v Byzantium: %v Constantinople: %v Petersburg: %v Istanbul: %v Engine: %v}",
+	return fmt.Sprintf("{ChainID: %v Homestead: %v DAO: %v DAOSupport: %v EIP150: %v EIP155: %v EIP158: %v Byzantium: %v Constantinople: %v Petersburg: %v Istanbul: %v, Muir Glacier: %v, Engine: %v}",
 		c.ChainID,
 		c.HomesteadBlock,
 		c.DAOForkBlock,
@@ -341,6 +344,7 @@ func (c *ChainConfig) String() string {
 		c.ConstantinopleBlock,
 		c.PetersburgBlock,
 		c.IstanbulBlock,
+		c.MuirGlacierBlock,
 		engine,
 	)
 }
@@ -380,6 +384,11 @@ func (c *ChainConfig) IsConstantinople(num *big.Int) bool {
 	return isForked(c.ConstantinopleBlock, num)
 }
 
+// IsMuirGlacier returns whether num is either equal to the Muir Glacier (EIP-2384) fork block or greater.
+func (c *ChainConfig) IsMuirGlacier(num *big.Int) bool {
+	return isForked(c.MuirGlacierBlock, num)
+}
+
 // IsPetersburg returns whether num is either
 // - equal to or greater than the PetersburgBlock fork block,
 // - OR is nil, and Constantinople is active
@@ -432,6 +441,7 @@ func (c *ChainConfig) CheckConfigForkOrder() error {
 		{"constantinopleBlock", c.ConstantinopleBlock},
 		{"petersburgBlock", c.PetersburgBlock},
 		{"istanbulBlock", c.IstanbulBlock},
+		{"muirGlacierBlock", c.MuirGlacierBlock},
 	} {
 		if lastFork.name != "" {
 			// Next one must be higher number
@@ -485,6 +495,9 @@ func (c *ChainConfig) checkCompatible(newcfg *ChainConfig, head *big.Int) *Confi
 	if isForkIncompatible(c.IstanbulBlock, newcfg.IstanbulBlock, head) {
 		return newCompatError("Istanbul fork block", c.IstanbulBlock, newcfg.IstanbulBlock)
 	}
+	if isForkIncompatible(c.MuirGlacierBlock, newcfg.MuirGlacierBlock, head) {
+		return newCompatError("Muir Glacier fork block", c.MuirGlacierBlock, newcfg.MuirGlacierBlock)
+	}
 	if isForkIncompatible(c.EWASMBlock, newcfg.EWASMBlock, head) {
 		return newCompatError("ewasm fork block", c.EWASMBlock, newcfg.EWASMBlock)
 	}