Align Vector API with design, add some extra functions from AoC (#4026)

**Vector**
- Adjusted `Vector.sort` to be `Vector.sort order on by`.
- Adjusted other sort to use `order` for direction argument.
- Added `insert`, `remove`, `index_of` and `last_index_of` to `Vector`.
- Added `start` and `if_missing` arguments to `find` on `Vector`, and adjusted default is `Not_Found` error.
- Added type checking to `+` on `Vector`.
- Altered `first`, `second` and `last` to error with `Index_Out_Of_Bounds` on `Vector`.
- Removed `sum`, `exists`, `head`, `init`, `tail`, `rest`, `append`, `prepend` from `Vector`.

**Pair**
- Added `last`, `any`, `all`, `contains`, `find`, `index_of`, `last_index_of`, `reverse`, `each`, `fold` and `reduce` to `Pair`.
- Added `get` to `Pair`.

**Range**
- Added `first`, `second`, `index_of`, `last_index_of`, `reverse` and `reduce` to `Range`.
- Added `at` and `get` to `Range`.
- Added `start` and `if_missing` arguments to `find` on `Range`.
- Simplified `last` and `length` of `Range`.
- Removed `exists` from `Range`.

**List**
- Added `second`, `find`, `index_of`, `last_index_of`, `reverse` and `reduce` to `Range`.
- Added `at` and `get` to `List`.
- Removed `exists` from `List`.
- Made `all` short-circuit if any fail on `List`.
- Altered `is_empty` to not compute the length of `List`.
- Altered `first`, `tail`, `head`, `init` and `last` to error with `Index_Out_Of_Bounds` on `List`.

**Others**
- Added `first`, `second`, `last`, `get` to `Text`.
- Added wrapper methods to the Random_Number_Generator so you can get random values more easily.
- Adjusted `Aggregate_Column` to operate on the first column by default.
- Added `contains_key` to `Map`.
- Added ALIAS to `row_count` and `order_by`.

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -270,6 +270,8 @@
 - [Overhauled the JSON support (now based of JavaScript), `Data.fetch` and other
   minor tweaks][3987]
 - [Enable Date, Time and DateTime to be read and written to Excel.][3997]
+- [Aligning core APIs for Vector, List and Range. Adding some missing functions
+  to the types.][4026]
 - [Implemented `Table.distinct` for Database backends.][4027]
 
 [debug-shortcuts]:
@@ -424,6 +426,7 @@
 [3987]: https://github.com/enso-org/enso/pull/3987
 [3997]: https://github.com/enso-org/enso/pull/3997
 [4013]: https://github.com/enso-org/enso/pull/4013
+[4026]: https://github.com/enso-org/enso/pull/4026
 [4027]: https://github.com/enso-org/enso/pull/4027
 
 #### Enso Compiler

distribution/lib/Standard/Base/0.0.0-dev/package.yaml

@@ -27,20 +27,21 @@ component-groups:
           - Standard.Base.Data.Text.Regex.escape
     - Select:
         exports:
-          - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.tail
+          - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.at
+          - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.get
           - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.filter
           - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.find
-          - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.at
           - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.take
+          - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.drop
           - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.partition
           - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.distinct
     - Join:
         exports:
-          - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.append
-          - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.prepend
           - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.zip
     - Transform:
         exports:
+          - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.insert
+          - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.remove
           - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.map
           - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.sort
           - Standard.Base.Data.Vector.Vector.distinct

distribution/lib/Standard/Base/0.0.0-dev/src/Data.enso

@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ fetch uri method=HTTP_Method.Get headers=[] parse=True =
 
     if response.code.is_success.not then Error.throw (Request_Error.Error "Status Code" ("Request failed with status code: " + response.code + ". " + response.body.to_text)) else
         response_headers = response.headers
-        content_type = response_headers.find h-> "Content-Type".equals_ignore_case h.name
+        content_type = response_headers.find if_missing=Nothing h-> "Content-Type".equals_ignore_case h.name
         if (parse == False) || (content_type == Nothing) then response else
             format = Auto_Detect.get_web_parser content_type.value uri
             if format == Nothing then response else

distribution/lib/Standard/Base/0.0.0-dev/src/Data/Index_Sub_Range.enso

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ invert_range_selection : Vector Range -> Integer -> Boolean -> Vector Range
 invert_range_selection ranges length needs_sorting =
     sorted = if needs_sorting then sort_and_merge_ranges ranges else ranges
     ranges_with_sentinels = [0.up_to 0] + sorted + [length.up_to length]
-    ranges_with_sentinels.zip ranges_with_sentinels.tail prev-> next->
+    ranges_with_sentinels.zip (ranges_with_sentinels.drop 1) prev-> next->
         prev.end.up_to next.start
 
 ## PRIVATE
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ sort_and_merge_ranges ranges =
     if sorted.is_empty then [] else
         current_ref = Ref.new sorted.first
         builder = Vector.new_builder
-        sorted.tail.each range->
+        sorted.drop 1 . each range->
             current = current_ref.get
             case range.start <= current.end of
                 True -> current_ref.put (current.start.up_to (Math.max current.end range.end))

distribution/lib/Standard/Base/0.0.0-dev/src/Data/Json.enso

@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ type JS_Object
     from_pairs : Vector -> JS_Object
     from_pairs pairs =
         js_object = pairs.fold new_object current->pair->
-            case pair.at 0 of
+            case pair.first of
                 text : Text ->
-                    set_value current text (pair.at 1).to_js_object
-                    current
+                    js_value = pair.second.to_js_object
+                    set_value current text js_value
                 _ -> Error.throw (Illegal_Argument.Error "JS_Object.from_pairs: key must be a Text value")
         JS_Object.Value js_object
 
@@ -243,7 +243,6 @@ make_javascript enso_object =
                     value = enso_object.get key
                     js_value = make_javascript value
                     set_value current key js_value
-                    current
             _ : Vector -> enso_object.map make_javascript
             _ : Array -> Vector.from_polyglot_array enso_object . map make_javascript
             _ -> enso_object
@@ -265,6 +264,7 @@ foreign js get_value object key = """
 
 foreign js set_value object key value = """
     object[key] = value
+    return object
 
 foreign js get_property_names object = """
     return Object.getOwnPropertyNames(object)