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[ML][Inference] Add support for multi-value leaves to the tree model #52531

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benwtrent
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This adds support for multi-value leaves. This is a prerequisite for multi-class boosted tree classification.

One hitch in BWC is when there is a decision tree model with multi-value support, but it is serialized to a node that does not support multi-values in the leaves. I opted to throw in that situation instead of potentially losing information over the wire.

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Pinging @elastic/ml-core (:ml)

double probOfClassOne = sigmoid(summation);
assert 0.0 <= probOfClassOne && probOfClassOne <= 1.0;
return Arrays.asList(1.0 - probOfClassOne, probOfClassOne);
return new double[] {1.0 - probOfClassOne, probOfClassOne};
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@tveasey tveasey Feb 20, 2020

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This isn't quite right: we turn the set of values into a collection of predicted probabilities via the softmax function, i.e. the i'th predicted probability is exp(values[i]) / sum_j{ exp(values[j]) }. I think it is also worthwhile dividing through by k = exp(max_j{ values[j] }) to handle the case the exp overflows: whence exp(values[i] - k) / sum_j{ (exp(values[j] - k)) }.

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@tveasey I will adjust to allow logistic_regression to be binomial and multinomial.

Your concerns about overflow are handled in the already existing Statistics#softMax function.

Thanks for the feedback!

@benwtrent benwtrent marked this pull request as ready for review February 20, 2020 15:45
out.writeDoubleArray(leafValue);
} else {
if (leafValue.length > 1) {
throw new IOException("[leaf_value] only supports multiple values after version 7.7.0");
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I am not sure about this. To what extent does it cause a problem for the receiving node? Could it cause problems for the reading of a subsequent wire transfer? I don't know the serialisation code well enough to say whether this is OK or not.

Also, would it make sense to an end user who saw it? I guess they'd see a remote transport exception from a 7.6 coordinating node wrapping this exception. But which endpoint would they have called? Would leaf_value make sense to somebody who had called that endpoint?

Finally, maybe we can defend against this at an earlier stage by banning creation of multi-class classification jobs until all nodes in the cluster are on version 7.7.

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To what extent does it cause a problem for the receiving node?

Receiver node gets an exception. The serialization fails.

This type of thing is done in aggregations as well https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/blob/master/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/search/aggregations/bucket/composite/CompositeValuesSourceParserHelper.java#L72

I think throwing here is OK.

As for the message, I will fix it. I think something like Multi-class classification model attempted to serialize to node before version X. Multi-class classification is only supported if the node is greater than version X

maybe we can defend against this at an earlier stage by banning creation of multi-class classification jobs until all nodes in the cluster are on version 7.7.

I agree, right now it is not possible to create a multi-class model via the analytics process. Once it is, we should defend against it there.

Additionally, on PUT I can verify the minimum node version

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LGTM

@benwtrent benwtrent merged commit e39eade into elastic:master Feb 27, 2020
@benwtrent benwtrent deleted the feature/ml-inference-multi-value-leaves branch February 27, 2020 17:17
benwtrent added a commit to benwtrent/elasticsearch that referenced this pull request Feb 27, 2020
…lastic#52531)

This adds support for multi-value leaves. This is a prerequisite for multi-class boosted tree classification.
benwtrent added a commit that referenced this pull request Feb 27, 2020
…model (#52531) (#52901)

* [ML][Inference] Add support for multi-value leaves to the tree model (#52531)

This adds support for multi-value leaves. This is a prerequisite for multi-class boosted tree classification.
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5 participants