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Allow the keystore to be password protected #32691
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Pinging @elastic/es-security |
Pinging @elastic/es-core-infra |
I can answer the easy one:
As it stands the reload-secure-store API has a request body param that is used to convey the password, or the vault token, for that matter, to some node which will then broadcast it to the full cluster, during reloading. The password/token is never stored, and it is not obfuscated at any step. |
A few thoughts from a discussion in the @elastic/es-core-infra team meeting:
We should require HTTPS to be able to specify a password in the reload settings API. How exactly we do this is open to discussion, but we think that we should remove the ability to specify a password on the current reload settings API, and add a new API that allows specifying a password, and this API will require HTTPS. The idea here is that we want to avoid plaintext transmission of passwords.
With
We see this question as completely orthogonal to adding password support to the keystore.
We should fail the node. |
- Subcommands of elasticsearch-keystore can handle (open and create) passphrase protected keystores - When reading a keystore, a user is only prompted for a passphrase only if the keystore is passphrase protected. Relates to: elastic#32691
@rjernst, @jkakavas, and I met yesterday to discuss approaches to password prompts during app startup. Ryan advocated for an approach that delegates the complexities of password prompting to the startup scripts or environment configurations and limits the changes in application code to an absolute minimum. This approach is desirable because it sets us up for the use of a launcher tool, which happens to be something that Ryan has been working on for some time now. (The launcher tool will solve the problem of a user having to watch logs or ping the rest API to see if Elasticsearch has launched correctly when running in the background.) In short, we're going to aim to use standard input as the bridge between startup scripts and the Elasticsearch app itself, and delegate the handling of FIFOs, passphrase files, environment variables, etc., to the startup scripts. We have the ability to parameterize our startup scripts and configuration files by distribution type, e.g., a windows archive can have different java options than a lentos RPM. Ryan pointed out that this mechanism may be useful for taking different approaches to password prompting in the Docker and Systemd cases. Finally, there are some complexities to Systemd password prompting: specifically, to the systemd-ask-password tool. The version of the tool that comes with centos7 has the restriction that system-wide password prompting is only available to privileged processes ( man page ). I've had Systemd success with an environment variable that passes the location of a passphrase file or FIFO (not the passphrase itself). I'll post a PR with my work so far next week. |
This is initial and exporatory work for incorporating keystore passwords in the Elasticsearch startup process. The "user interface" that prompts for and reads a password is in the bash startup script. The bash script uses existing command-line utilities to test whether the keystore exists and a password is needed; if so, the password is given to the Java startup process using a "here string" and a new command-line lag that alerts Java to data coming in over standard input. Known issues: Java code that reads from standard input is not thread-safe, initial keystore verification is unacceptably slow. Relates elastic#32691, elastic#38498
This change adds support for keystore passphrases to all subcommands of the elasticsearch-keystore cli tool and adds a subcommand for changing the passphrase of an existing keystore. The work to read the passphrase in Elasticsearch when loading, which will be addressed in a different PR. Subcommands of elasticsearch-keystore can handle (open and create) passphrase protected keystores When reading a keystore, a user is only prompted for a passphrase only if the keystore is passphrase protected. When creating a keystore, a user is allowed (default behavior) to create one with an empty passphrase Passphrase can be set to be empty when changing/setting it for an existing keystore Relates to: #32691 Supersedes: #37472
This change adds support for keystore passphrases to all subcommands of the elasticsearch-keystore cli tool and adds a subcommand for changing the passphrase of an existing keystore. The work to read the passphrase in Elasticsearch when loading, which will be addressed in a different PR. Subcommands of elasticsearch-keystore can handle (open and create) passphrase protected keystores When reading a keystore, a user is only prompted for a passphrase only if the keystore is passphrase protected. When creating a keystore, a user is allowed (default behavior) to create one with an empty passphrase Passphrase can be set to be empty when changing/setting it for an existing keystore Relates to: elastic#32691 Supersedes: elastic#37472
This main work is close to finished, but there are three known tasks that need to go into the feature branch (currently #49268) before we will be ready to merge in the feature:
Edit: One more task to take care of:
|
The plan sounds good to me! Thank you for writing it down, and also including docs as part of it. |
* Reload secure settings with password (#43197) If a password is not set, we assume an empty string to be compatible with previous behavior. Only allow the reload to be broadcast to other nodes if TLS is enabled for the transport layer. * Add passphrase support to elasticsearch-keystore (#38498) This change adds support for keystore passphrases to all subcommands of the elasticsearch-keystore cli tool and adds a subcommand for changing the passphrase of an existing keystore. The work to read the passphrase in Elasticsearch when loading, which will be addressed in a different PR. Subcommands of elasticsearch-keystore can handle (open and create) passphrase protected keystores When reading a keystore, a user is only prompted for a passphrase only if the keystore is passphrase protected. When creating a keystore, a user is allowed (default behavior) to create one with an empty passphrase Passphrase can be set to be empty when changing/setting it for an existing keystore Relates to: #32691 Supersedes: #37472 * Restore behavior for force parameter (#44847) Turns out that the behavior of `-f` for the add and add-file sub commands where it would also forcibly create the keystore if it didn't exist, was by design - although undocumented. This change restores that behavior auto-creating a keystore that is not password protected if the force flag is used. The force OptionSpec is moved to the BaseKeyStoreCommand as we will presumably want to maintain the same behavior in any other command that takes a force option. * Handle pwd protected keystores in all CLI tools (#45289) This change ensures that `elasticsearch-setup-passwords` and `elasticsearch-saml-metadata` can handle a password protected elasticsearch.keystore. For setup passwords the user would be prompted to add the elasticsearch keystore password upon running the tool. There is no option to pass the password as a parameter as we assume the user is present in order to enter the desired passwords for the built-in users. For saml-metadata, we prompt for the keystore password at all times even though we'd only need to read something from the keystore when there is a signing or encryption configuration. * Modify docs for setup passwords and saml metadata cli (#45797) Adds a sentence in the documentation of `elasticsearch-setup-passwords` and `elasticsearch-saml-metadata` to describe that users would be prompted for the keystore's password when running these CLI tools, when the keystore is password protected. Co-Authored-By: Lisa Cawley <[email protected]> * Elasticsearch keystore passphrase for startup scripts (#44775) This commit allows a user to provide a keystore password on Elasticsearch startup, but only prompts when the keystore exists and is encrypted. The entrypoint in Java code is standard input. When the Bootstrap class is checking for secure keystore settings, it checks whether or not the keystore is encrypted. If so, we read one line from standard input and use this as the password. For simplicity's sake, we allow a maximum passphrase length of 128 characters. (This is an arbitrary limit and could be increased or eliminated. It is also enforced in the keystore tools, so that a user can't create a password that's too long to enter at startup.) In order to provide a password on standard input, we have to account for four different ways of starting Elasticsearch: the bash startup script, the Windows batch startup script, systemd startup, and docker startup. We use wrapper scripts to reduce systemd and docker to the bash case: in both cases, a wrapper script can read a passphrase from the filesystem and pass it to the bash script. In order to simplify testing the need for a passphrase, I have added a has-passwd command to the keystore tool. This command can run silently, and exit with status 0 when the keystore has a password. It exits with status 1 if the keystore doesn't exist or exists and is unencrypted. A good deal of the code-change in this commit has to do with refactoring packaging tests to cleanly use the same tests for both the "archive" and the "package" cases. This required not only moving tests around, but also adding some convenience methods for an abstraction layer over distribution-specific commands. I will write some user-facing documentation for these changes in a follow-up commit. * Adjust docs for password protected keystore (#45054) This commit adds relevant parts in the elasticsearch-keystore sub-commands reference docs and in the reload secure settings API doc. * Cleanup after feature branch reconstruction The feature branch for the password-protected keystore, due to an accident, contains a large number of unrelated commits. In order to get a cleaner merge, I've cherry-picked the main commits that went into the feature branch against a branch derived from master — essentially, a rebase onto master. We've ignored some tests that will addressed in follow-up PRs to the feature branch.
) * Reload secure settings with password (elastic#43197) If a password is not set, we assume an empty string to be compatible with previous behavior. Only allow the reload to be broadcast to other nodes if TLS is enabled for the transport layer. * Add passphrase support to elasticsearch-keystore (elastic#38498) This change adds support for keystore passphrases to all subcommands of the elasticsearch-keystore cli tool and adds a subcommand for changing the passphrase of an existing keystore. The work to read the passphrase in Elasticsearch when loading, which will be addressed in a different PR. Subcommands of elasticsearch-keystore can handle (open and create) passphrase protected keystores When reading a keystore, a user is only prompted for a passphrase only if the keystore is passphrase protected. When creating a keystore, a user is allowed (default behavior) to create one with an empty passphrase Passphrase can be set to be empty when changing/setting it for an existing keystore Relates to: elastic#32691 Supersedes: elastic#37472 * Restore behavior for force parameter (elastic#44847) Turns out that the behavior of `-f` for the add and add-file sub commands where it would also forcibly create the keystore if it didn't exist, was by design - although undocumented. This change restores that behavior auto-creating a keystore that is not password protected if the force flag is used. The force OptionSpec is moved to the BaseKeyStoreCommand as we will presumably want to maintain the same behavior in any other command that takes a force option. * Handle pwd protected keystores in all CLI tools (elastic#45289) This change ensures that `elasticsearch-setup-passwords` and `elasticsearch-saml-metadata` can handle a password protected elasticsearch.keystore. For setup passwords the user would be prompted to add the elasticsearch keystore password upon running the tool. There is no option to pass the password as a parameter as we assume the user is present in order to enter the desired passwords for the built-in users. For saml-metadata, we prompt for the keystore password at all times even though we'd only need to read something from the keystore when there is a signing or encryption configuration. * Modify docs for setup passwords and saml metadata cli (elastic#45797) Adds a sentence in the documentation of `elasticsearch-setup-passwords` and `elasticsearch-saml-metadata` to describe that users would be prompted for the keystore's password when running these CLI tools, when the keystore is password protected. Co-Authored-By: Lisa Cawley <[email protected]> * Elasticsearch keystore passphrase for startup scripts (elastic#44775) This commit allows a user to provide a keystore password on Elasticsearch startup, but only prompts when the keystore exists and is encrypted. The entrypoint in Java code is standard input. When the Bootstrap class is checking for secure keystore settings, it checks whether or not the keystore is encrypted. If so, we read one line from standard input and use this as the password. For simplicity's sake, we allow a maximum passphrase length of 128 characters. (This is an arbitrary limit and could be increased or eliminated. It is also enforced in the keystore tools, so that a user can't create a password that's too long to enter at startup.) In order to provide a password on standard input, we have to account for four different ways of starting Elasticsearch: the bash startup script, the Windows batch startup script, systemd startup, and docker startup. We use wrapper scripts to reduce systemd and docker to the bash case: in both cases, a wrapper script can read a passphrase from the filesystem and pass it to the bash script. In order to simplify testing the need for a passphrase, I have added a has-passwd command to the keystore tool. This command can run silently, and exit with status 0 when the keystore has a password. It exits with status 1 if the keystore doesn't exist or exists and is unencrypted. A good deal of the code-change in this commit has to do with refactoring packaging tests to cleanly use the same tests for both the "archive" and the "package" cases. This required not only moving tests around, but also adding some convenience methods for an abstraction layer over distribution-specific commands. I will write some user-facing documentation for these changes in a follow-up commit. * Adjust docs for password protected keystore (elastic#45054) This commit adds relevant parts in the elasticsearch-keystore sub-commands reference docs and in the reload secure settings API doc. * Cleanup after feature branch reconstruction The feature branch for the password-protected keystore, due to an accident, contains a large number of unrelated commits. In order to get a cleaner merge, I've cherry-picked the main commits that went into the feature branch against a branch derived from master — essentially, a rebase onto master. We've ignored some tests that will addressed in follow-up PRs to the feature branch.
* Reload secure settings with password (#43197) If a password is not set, we assume an empty string to be compatible with previous behavior. Only allow the reload to be broadcast to other nodes if TLS is enabled for the transport layer. * Add passphrase support to elasticsearch-keystore (#38498) This change adds support for keystore passphrases to all subcommands of the elasticsearch-keystore cli tool and adds a subcommand for changing the passphrase of an existing keystore. The work to read the passphrase in Elasticsearch when loading, which will be addressed in a different PR. Subcommands of elasticsearch-keystore can handle (open and create) passphrase protected keystores When reading a keystore, a user is only prompted for a passphrase only if the keystore is passphrase protected. When creating a keystore, a user is allowed (default behavior) to create one with an empty passphrase Passphrase can be set to be empty when changing/setting it for an existing keystore Relates to: #32691 Supersedes: #37472 * Restore behavior for force parameter (#44847) Turns out that the behavior of `-f` for the add and add-file sub commands where it would also forcibly create the keystore if it didn't exist, was by design - although undocumented. This change restores that behavior auto-creating a keystore that is not password protected if the force flag is used. The force OptionSpec is moved to the BaseKeyStoreCommand as we will presumably want to maintain the same behavior in any other command that takes a force option. * Handle pwd protected keystores in all CLI tools (#45289) This change ensures that `elasticsearch-setup-passwords` and `elasticsearch-saml-metadata` can handle a password protected elasticsearch.keystore. For setup passwords the user would be prompted to add the elasticsearch keystore password upon running the tool. There is no option to pass the password as a parameter as we assume the user is present in order to enter the desired passwords for the built-in users. For saml-metadata, we prompt for the keystore password at all times even though we'd only need to read something from the keystore when there is a signing or encryption configuration. * Modify docs for setup passwords and saml metadata cli (#45797) Adds a sentence in the documentation of `elasticsearch-setup-passwords` and `elasticsearch-saml-metadata` to describe that users would be prompted for the keystore's password when running these CLI tools, when the keystore is password protected. Co-Authored-By: Lisa Cawley <[email protected]> * Elasticsearch keystore passphrase for startup scripts (#44775) This commit allows a user to provide a keystore password on Elasticsearch startup, but only prompts when the keystore exists and is encrypted. The entrypoint in Java code is standard input. When the Bootstrap class is checking for secure keystore settings, it checks whether or not the keystore is encrypted. If so, we read one line from standard input and use this as the password. For simplicity's sake, we allow a maximum passphrase length of 128 characters. (This is an arbitrary limit and could be increased or eliminated. It is also enforced in the keystore tools, so that a user can't create a password that's too long to enter at startup.) In order to provide a password on standard input, we have to account for four different ways of starting Elasticsearch: the bash startup script, the Windows batch startup script, systemd startup, and docker startup. We use wrapper scripts to reduce systemd and docker to the bash case: in both cases, a wrapper script can read a passphrase from the filesystem and pass it to the bash script. In order to simplify testing the need for a passphrase, I have added a has-passwd command to the keystore tool. This command can run silently, and exit with status 0 when the keystore has a password. It exits with status 1 if the keystore doesn't exist or exists and is unencrypted. A good deal of the code-change in this commit has to do with refactoring packaging tests to cleanly use the same tests for both the "archive" and the "package" cases. This required not only moving tests around, but also adding some convenience methods for an abstraction layer over distribution-specific commands. * Adjust docs for password protected keystore (#45054) This commit adds relevant parts in the elasticsearch-keystore sub-commands reference docs and in the reload secure settings API doc. * Fix failing Keystore Passphrase test for feature branch (#50154) One problem with the passphrase-from-file tests, as written, is that they would leave a SystemD environment variable set when they failed, and this setting would cause elasticsearch startup to fail for other tests as well. By using a try-finally, I hope that these tests will fail more gracefully. It appears that our Fedora and Ubuntu environments may be configured to store journald information under /var rather than under /run, so that it will persist between boots. Our destructive tests that read from the journal need to account for this in order to avoid trying to limit the output we check in tests. * Run keystore management tests on docker distros (#50610) * Add Docker handling to PackagingTestCase Keystore tests need to be able to run in the Docker case. We can do this by using a DockerShell instead of a plain Shell when Docker is running. * Improve ES startup check for docker Previously we were checking truncated output for the packaged JDK as an indication that Elasticsearch had started. With new preliminary password checks, we might get a false positive from ES keystore commands, so we have to check specifically that the Elasticsearch class from the Bootstrap package is what's running. * Test password-protected keystore with Docker (#50803) This commit adds two tests for the case where we mount a password-protected keystore into a Docker container and provide a password via a Docker environment variable. We also fix a logging bug where we were logging the identifier for an array of strings rather than the contents of that array. * Add documentation for keystore startup prompting (#50821) When a keystore is password-protected, Elasticsearch will prompt at startup. This commit adds documentation for this prompt for the archive, systemd, and Docker cases. Co-authored-by: Lisa Cawley <[email protected]> * Warn when unable to upgrade keystore on debian (#51011) For Red Hat RPM upgrades, we warn if we can't upgrade the keystore. This commit brings the same logic to the code for Debian packages. See the posttrans file for gets executed for RPMs. * Restore handling of string input Adds tests that were mistakenly removed. One of these tests proved we were not handling the the stdin (-x) option correctly when no input was added. This commit restores the original approach of reading stdin one char at a time until there is no more (-1, \r, \n) instead of using readline() that might return null * Apply spotless reformatting * Use '--since' flag to get recent journal messages When we get Elasticsearch logs from journald, we want to fetch only log messages from the last run. There are two reasons for this. First, if there are many logs, we might get a string that's too large for our utility methods. Second, when we're looking for a specific message or error, we almost certainly want to look only at messages from the last execution. Previously, we've been trying to do this by clearing out the physical files under the journald process. But there seems to be some contention over these directories: if journald writes a log file in between when our deletion command deletes the file and when it deletes the log directory, the deletion will fail. It seems to me that we might be able to use journald's "--since" flag to retrieve only log messages from the last run, and that this might be less likely to fail due to race conditions in file deletion. Unfortunately, it looks as if the "--since" flag has a granularity of one-second. I've added a two-second sleep to make sure that there's a sufficient gap between the test that will read from journald and the test before it. * Use new journald wrapper pattern * Update version added in secure settings request Co-authored-by: Lisa Cawley <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Ioannis Kakavas <[email protected]>
* Reload secure settings with password (#43197) If a password is not set, we assume an empty string to be compatible with previous behavior. Only allow the reload to be broadcast to other nodes if TLS is enabled for the transport layer. * Add passphrase support to elasticsearch-keystore (#38498) This change adds support for keystore passphrases to all subcommands of the elasticsearch-keystore cli tool and adds a subcommand for changing the passphrase of an existing keystore. The work to read the passphrase in Elasticsearch when loading, which will be addressed in a different PR. Subcommands of elasticsearch-keystore can handle (open and create) passphrase protected keystores When reading a keystore, a user is only prompted for a passphrase only if the keystore is passphrase protected. When creating a keystore, a user is allowed (default behavior) to create one with an empty passphrase Passphrase can be set to be empty when changing/setting it for an existing keystore Relates to: #32691 Supersedes: #37472 * Restore behavior for force parameter (#44847) Turns out that the behavior of `-f` for the add and add-file sub commands where it would also forcibly create the keystore if it didn't exist, was by design - although undocumented. This change restores that behavior auto-creating a keystore that is not password protected if the force flag is used. The force OptionSpec is moved to the BaseKeyStoreCommand as we will presumably want to maintain the same behavior in any other command that takes a force option. * Handle pwd protected keystores in all CLI tools (#45289) This change ensures that `elasticsearch-setup-passwords` and `elasticsearch-saml-metadata` can handle a password protected elasticsearch.keystore. For setup passwords the user would be prompted to add the elasticsearch keystore password upon running the tool. There is no option to pass the password as a parameter as we assume the user is present in order to enter the desired passwords for the built-in users. For saml-metadata, we prompt for the keystore password at all times even though we'd only need to read something from the keystore when there is a signing or encryption configuration. * Modify docs for setup passwords and saml metadata cli (#45797) Adds a sentence in the documentation of `elasticsearch-setup-passwords` and `elasticsearch-saml-metadata` to describe that users would be prompted for the keystore's password when running these CLI tools, when the keystore is password protected. Co-Authored-By: Lisa Cawley <[email protected]> * Elasticsearch keystore passphrase for startup scripts (#44775) This commit allows a user to provide a keystore password on Elasticsearch startup, but only prompts when the keystore exists and is encrypted. The entrypoint in Java code is standard input. When the Bootstrap class is checking for secure keystore settings, it checks whether or not the keystore is encrypted. If so, we read one line from standard input and use this as the password. For simplicity's sake, we allow a maximum passphrase length of 128 characters. (This is an arbitrary limit and could be increased or eliminated. It is also enforced in the keystore tools, so that a user can't create a password that's too long to enter at startup.) In order to provide a password on standard input, we have to account for four different ways of starting Elasticsearch: the bash startup script, the Windows batch startup script, systemd startup, and docker startup. We use wrapper scripts to reduce systemd and docker to the bash case: in both cases, a wrapper script can read a passphrase from the filesystem and pass it to the bash script. In order to simplify testing the need for a passphrase, I have added a has-passwd command to the keystore tool. This command can run silently, and exit with status 0 when the keystore has a password. It exits with status 1 if the keystore doesn't exist or exists and is unencrypted. A good deal of the code-change in this commit has to do with refactoring packaging tests to cleanly use the same tests for both the "archive" and the "package" cases. This required not only moving tests around, but also adding some convenience methods for an abstraction layer over distribution-specific commands. * Adjust docs for password protected keystore (#45054) This commit adds relevant parts in the elasticsearch-keystore sub-commands reference docs and in the reload secure settings API doc. * Fix failing Keystore Passphrase test for feature branch (#50154) One problem with the passphrase-from-file tests, as written, is that they would leave a SystemD environment variable set when they failed, and this setting would cause elasticsearch startup to fail for other tests as well. By using a try-finally, I hope that these tests will fail more gracefully. It appears that our Fedora and Ubuntu environments may be configured to store journald information under /var rather than under /run, so that it will persist between boots. Our destructive tests that read from the journal need to account for this in order to avoid trying to limit the output we check in tests. * Run keystore management tests on docker distros (#50610) * Add Docker handling to PackagingTestCase Keystore tests need to be able to run in the Docker case. We can do this by using a DockerShell instead of a plain Shell when Docker is running. * Improve ES startup check for docker Previously we were checking truncated output for the packaged JDK as an indication that Elasticsearch had started. With new preliminary password checks, we might get a false positive from ES keystore commands, so we have to check specifically that the Elasticsearch class from the Bootstrap package is what's running. * Test password-protected keystore with Docker (#50803) This commit adds two tests for the case where we mount a password-protected keystore into a Docker container and provide a password via a Docker environment variable. We also fix a logging bug where we were logging the identifier for an array of strings rather than the contents of that array. * Add documentation for keystore startup prompting (#50821) When a keystore is password-protected, Elasticsearch will prompt at startup. This commit adds documentation for this prompt for the archive, systemd, and Docker cases. Co-authored-by: Lisa Cawley <[email protected]> * Warn when unable to upgrade keystore on debian (#51011) For Red Hat RPM upgrades, we warn if we can't upgrade the keystore. This commit brings the same logic to the code for Debian packages. See the posttrans file for gets executed for RPMs. * Restore handling of string input Adds tests that were mistakenly removed. One of these tests proved we were not handling the the stdin (-x) option correctly when no input was added. This commit restores the original approach of reading stdin one char at a time until there is no more (-1, \r, \n) instead of using readline() that might return null * Apply spotless reformatting * Use '--since' flag to get recent journal messages When we get Elasticsearch logs from journald, we want to fetch only log messages from the last run. There are two reasons for this. First, if there are many logs, we might get a string that's too large for our utility methods. Second, when we're looking for a specific message or error, we almost certainly want to look only at messages from the last execution. Previously, we've been trying to do this by clearing out the physical files under the journald process. But there seems to be some contention over these directories: if journald writes a log file in between when our deletion command deletes the file and when it deletes the log directory, the deletion will fail. It seems to me that we might be able to use journald's "--since" flag to retrieve only log messages from the last run, and that this might be less likely to fail due to race conditions in file deletion. Unfortunately, it looks as if the "--since" flag has a granularity of one-second. I've added a two-second sleep to make sure that there's a sufficient gap between the test that will read from journald and the test before it. * Use new journald wrapper pattern * Update version added in secure settings request Co-authored-by: Lisa Cawley <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Ioannis Kakavas <[email protected]>
Now that we have a keystore we need to add the ability to encrypt it with a secret. Ideally when a node starts up a secret must be passed in somehow.
Some questions we need to answer
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