SQL: Fix issue with negative literels and parentheses (#48113)

Previously when a numeric literal was enclosed in parentheses and then
negated, the negation was lost and the number was considered positive, e.g.:
`-(5)` was considered as `5` instead of `-5`
`- ( (1.28) )` was considered as `1.28` instead of `-1.28`

Fixes: #48009

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/parser/ExpressionBuilder.java

@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ public Literal visitInterval(IntervalContext interval) {
 
         TimeUnit leading = visitIntervalField(interval.leading);
         TimeUnit trailing = visitIntervalField(interval.trailing);
-        
+
         // only YEAR TO MONTH or DAY TO HOUR/MINUTE/SECOND are valid declaration
         if (trailing != null) {
             if (leading == TimeUnit.YEAR && trailing != TimeUnit.MONTH) {
@@ -869,11 +869,28 @@ private static Source minusAwareSource(SqlBaseParser.NumberContext ctx) {
         if (parentCtx != null) {
             if (parentCtx instanceof SqlBaseParser.NumericLiteralContext) {
                 parentCtx = parentCtx.getParent();
-                if (parentCtx != null && parentCtx instanceof SqlBaseParser.ConstantDefaultContext) {
+                if (parentCtx instanceof ConstantDefaultContext) {
                     parentCtx = parentCtx.getParent();
-                    if (parentCtx != null && parentCtx instanceof SqlBaseParser.ValueExpressionDefaultContext) {
+                    if (parentCtx instanceof ValueExpressionDefaultContext) {
                         parentCtx = parentCtx.getParent();
-                        if (parentCtx != null && parentCtx instanceof SqlBaseParser.ArithmeticUnaryContext) {
+
+                        // Skip parentheses, e.g.: - (( (2.15) ) )
+                        while (parentCtx instanceof PredicatedContext) {
+                            parentCtx = parentCtx.getParent();
+                            if (parentCtx instanceof SqlBaseParser.BooleanDefaultContext) {
+                                parentCtx = parentCtx.getParent();
+                            }
+                            if (parentCtx instanceof SqlBaseParser.ExpressionContext) {
+                                parentCtx = parentCtx.getParent();
+                            }
+                            if (parentCtx instanceof SqlBaseParser.ParenthesizedExpressionContext) {
+                                parentCtx = parentCtx.getParent();
+                            }
+                            if (parentCtx instanceof ValueExpressionDefaultContext) {
+                                parentCtx = parentCtx.getParent();
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (parentCtx instanceof ArithmeticUnaryContext) {
                             if (((ArithmeticUnaryContext) parentCtx).MINUS() != null) {
                                 return source(parentCtx);
                             }

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/TestUtils.java

@@ -13,16 +13,18 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.util.DateUtils;
 
 import java.time.ZoneId;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
 
 import static org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase.randomAlphaOfLength;
 import static org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase.randomBoolean;
 import static org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase.randomFrom;
+import static org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase.randomInt;
 import static org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase.randomIntBetween;
 import static org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase.randomNonNegativeLong;
 import static org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase.randomZone;
 
 
-public class TestUtils {
+public final class TestUtils {
 
     private TestUtils() {}
 
@@ -58,4 +60,11 @@ public static Configuration randomConfiguration(ZoneId providedZoneId) {
                 randomBoolean());
     }
 
+    public static String randomWhitespaces() {
+        StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner("");
+        for (int i = 0; i < randomInt(10); i++) {
+            sj.add(randomFrom(" ", "\t", "\r", "\n"));
+        }
+        return sj.toString();
+    }
 }

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/parser/EscapedFunctionsTests.java

@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
 
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Locale;
-import java.util.StringJoiner;
 
 import static java.lang.String.format;
 import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.TestUtils.randomWhitespaces;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.endsWith;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.instanceOf;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
@@ -35,14 +35,6 @@ public class EscapedFunctionsTests extends ESTestCase {
 
     private final SqlParser parser = new SqlParser();
 
-    private String randomWhitespaces() {
-        StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner("");
-        for (int i = 0; i < randomInt(10); i++) {
-            sj.add(randomFrom(" ", "\t", "\r", "\n"));
-        }
-        return sj.toString();
-    }
-
     private String buildExpression(String escape, String pattern, Object value) {
         return format(Locale.ROOT, "{" + randomWhitespaces() + escape + " " + randomWhitespaces() +
             pattern + randomWhitespaces() + "}", value);

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/parser/ExpressionTests.java

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.parser;
 
 import org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.TestUtils;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.Expression;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.Literal;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.UnresolvedFunction;
@@ -202,26 +203,55 @@ public void testNegativeLiteral() {
         Expression expr = parser.createExpression("- 6");
         assertEquals(Literal.class, expr.getClass());
         assertEquals("- 6", expr.sourceText());
+        assertEquals(-6, expr.fold());
+
+        expr = parser.createExpression("- ( 6.134 )");
+        assertEquals(Literal.class, expr.getClass());
+        assertEquals("- ( 6.134 )", expr.sourceText());
+        assertEquals(-6.134, expr.fold());
+
+        expr = parser.createExpression("- ( ( (1.25) )    )");
+        assertEquals(Literal.class, expr.getClass());
+        assertEquals("- ( ( (1.25) )    )", expr.sourceText());
+        assertEquals(-1.25, expr.fold());
+
+        int numberOfParentheses = randomIntBetween(3, 10);
+        double value = randomDouble();
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("-");
+        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfParentheses; i++) {
+            sb.append("(").append(TestUtils.randomWhitespaces());
+        }
+        sb.append(value);
+        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfParentheses; i++) {
+            sb.append(")");
+            if (i < numberOfParentheses - 1) {
+                sb.append(TestUtils.randomWhitespaces());
+            }
+        }
+        expr = parser.createExpression(sb.toString());
+        assertEquals(Literal.class, expr.getClass());
+        assertEquals(sb.toString(), expr.sourceText());
+        assertEquals(- value, expr.fold());
     }
 
     public void testComplexArithmetic() {
-        String sql = "-(((a-2)-(-3))+b)";
+        String sql = "-(((a-2)- (( - ( (  3)  )) )  )+ b)";
         Expression expr = parser.createExpression(sql);
         assertEquals(Neg.class, expr.getClass());
         Neg neg = (Neg) expr;
         assertEquals(sql, neg.sourceText());
         assertEquals(1, neg.children().size());
         assertEquals(Add.class, neg.children().get(0).getClass());
         Add add = (Add) neg.children().get(0);
-        assertEquals("((a-2)-(-3))+b", add.sourceText());
+        assertEquals("((a-2)- (( - ( (  3)  )) )  )+ b", add.sourceText());
         assertEquals(2, add.children().size());
         assertEquals("?b", add.children().get(1).toString());
         assertEquals(Sub.class, add.children().get(0).getClass());
         Sub sub1 = (Sub) add.children().get(0);
-        assertEquals("(a-2)-(-3)", sub1.sourceText());
+        assertEquals("(a-2)- (( - ( (  3)  )) )", sub1.sourceText());
         assertEquals(2, sub1.children().size());
         assertEquals(Literal.class, sub1.children().get(1).getClass());
-        assertEquals("-3", sub1.children().get(1).sourceText());
+        assertEquals("- ( (  3)  )", sub1.children().get(1).sourceText());
         assertEquals(Sub.class, sub1.children().get(0).getClass());
         Sub sub2 = (Sub) sub1.children().get(0);
         assertEquals(2, sub2.children().size());