release-24.2: sql: SHOW CLUSTER SETTING FOR TENANT returns NULL for renamed cluster setting

[blathers-crl]

Backport 1/1 commits from #128675 on behalf of @stevendanna.

/cc @cockroachdb/release

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If a cluster setting has been renamed, the internal key used in the settings tables is different from the name. The lookup code was using the user-facing Name rather than the InternalKey, resulting in SHOW CLUSTER SETTING FOR TENANT returning NULL for settings that had been renamed.

Epic: none
Release note (bug fix): Fix a bug in which SHOW CLUSTER SETTING FOR VIRTUAL CLUSTER would erroneously return NULL for some settings.

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Release justification: low risk bug fix

[blathers-crl]

Thanks for opening a backport.

Please check the backport criteria before merging:

• Backports should only be created for serious
  issues or test-only changes.
• Backports should not break backwards-compatibility.
• Backports should change as little code as possible.
• Backports should not change on-disk formats or node communication protocols.
• Backports should not add new functionality (except as defined
  here).
• Backports must not add, edit, or otherwise modify cluster versions; or add version gates.
• All backports must be reviewed by the owning areas TL. For more information as to how that review should be conducted, please consult the backport
  policy.

If your backport adds new functionality, please ensure that the following additional criteria are satisfied:

• There is a high priority need for the functionality that cannot wait until the next release and is difficult to address in another way.
• The new functionality is additive-only and only runs for clusters which have specifically “opted in” to it (e.g. by a cluster setting).
• New code is protected by a conditional check that is trivial to verify and ensures that it only runs for opt-in clusters. State changes must be further protected such that nodes running old binaries will not be negatively impacted by the new state (with a mixed version test added).
• The PM and TL on the team that owns the changed code have signed off that the change obeys the above rules.
• Your backport must be accompanied by a post to the appropriate Slack
  channel (#db-backports-point-releases or #db-backports-XX-X-release) for awareness and discussion.

Also, please add a brief release justification to the body of your PR to justify this
backport.

[cockroach-teamcity]

This change is 

[rafiss]

Reviewable status: complete! 0 of 0 LGTMs obtained (waiting on @andy-kimball and @blathers-crl[bot])

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pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/cluster_settings line 448 at r1 (raw file):

skipif config 3node-tenant-default-configs
query B
SHOW CLUSTER SETTING sql.explain_analyze.include_ru_estimation.enabled FOR TENANT "cluster-10"

would it be worth adding an assertion for the internal key (SHOW CLUSTER SETTING sql.tenant_ru_estimation.enabled FOR TENANT ...) also?