release-23.1: roachtest: fix js install command (gpg)

[blathers-crl]

Backport 1/1 commits from #113676 on behalf of @annrpom.

/cc @cockroachdb/release

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We are seeing a gpg: cannot open '/dev/tty': No such device or address error from the new installation method we followed. Resolution seems to be nodejs/docker-node#922.

In case we are running into an issue with machines being reused, we
first check to see if we can install nodejs and npm before we add
a nodesource key and deb repository (to prevent gpg: dearmoring failed:
File exists) issues.

(Copied from a reply to the bug report in the issue linked above)

For any script use you should anyway use --batch which disables the use
of the tty as a side-effect.

Fixes: #113673
Fixes: #113662
Fixes: #113659
Fixes: #113675
Fixes: #113677
Fixes: #113762

Release note: None

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Release justification: test only change

[blathers-crl]

Thanks for opening a backport.

Please check the backport criteria before merging:

• Backports should only be created for serious
  issues or test-only changes.
• Backports should not break backwards-compatibility.
• Backports should change as little code as possible.
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• Backports should not add new functionality (except as defined
  here).
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If your backport adds new functionality, please ensure that the following additional criteria are satisfied:

• There is a high priority need for the functionality that cannot wait until the next release and is difficult to address in another way.
• The new functionality is additive-only and only runs for clusters which have specifically “opted in” to it (e.g. by a cluster setting).
• New code is protected by a conditional check that is trivial to verify and ensures that it only runs for opt-in clusters. State changes must be further protected such that nodes running old binaries will not be negatively impacted by the new state (with a mixed version test added).
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• Your backport must be accompanied by a post to the appropriate Slack
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Also, please add a brief release justification to the body of your PR to justify this
backport.

[cockroach-teamcity]

This change is