importer: add ImportStartWallTime and ImportType table descriptor fields

This patch introduces the new ImportStartWallTime table descriptor field which
provides the time at which an in-progress import began writing data to disk.
This field is nonzero if the table is offline during an import. The patch also
adds the ImportType field which indicates the kind of import getting run on the
table.

In future PRs, this field will be used to:
- incrementally back up in progress imports, preventing a large BACKUP workload
 after an Import finishes.
- elide importing keys in RESTORE, ensuring a table -- with an in-progress import
  in the back up-- contains no in-progress importing keys and is available on
  the restored cluster.

Informs #85138

Release note: none

docs/generated/settings/settings-for-tenants.txt

@@ -286,4 +286,4 @@ trace.jaeger.agent	string		the address of a Jaeger agent to receive traces using
 trace.opentelemetry.collector	string		address of an OpenTelemetry trace collector to receive traces using the otel gRPC protocol, as <host>:<port>. If no port is specified, 4317 will be used.
 trace.span_registry.enabled	boolean	true	if set, ongoing traces can be seen at https://<ui>/#/debug/tracez
 trace.zipkin.collector	string		the address of a Zipkin instance to receive traces, as <host>:<port>. If no port is specified, 9411 will be used.
-version	version	22.1-44	set the active cluster version in the format '<major>.<minor>'
+version	version	22.1-46	set the active cluster version in the format '<major>.<minor>'

docs/generated/settings/settings.html

@@ -217,6 +217,6 @@
 <tr><td><code>trace.opentelemetry.collector</code></td><td>string</td><td><code></code></td><td>address of an OpenTelemetry trace collector to receive traces using the otel gRPC protocol, as <host>:<port>. If no port is specified, 4317 will be used.</td></tr>
 <tr><td><code>trace.span_registry.enabled</code></td><td>boolean</td><td><code>true</code></td><td>if set, ongoing traces can be seen at https://<ui>/#/debug/tracez</td></tr>
 <tr><td><code>trace.zipkin.collector</code></td><td>string</td><td><code></code></td><td>the address of a Zipkin instance to receive traces, as <host>:<port>. If no port is specified, 9411 will be used.</td></tr>
-<tr><td><code>version</code></td><td>version</td><td><code>22.1-44</code></td><td>set the active cluster version in the format '<major>.<minor>'</td></tr>
+<tr><td><code>version</code></td><td>version</td><td><code>22.1-46</code></td><td>set the active cluster version in the format '<major>.<minor>'</td></tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>

pkg/ccl/backupccl/testdata/backup-restore/import-start-time

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+# Test that Import properly sets and removes the ImportStartTime from the table descriptor.
+# The basic idea:
+# For table with or without data:
+## -start and pause an import
+## -check that the ImportStartTime is set on the descriptor
+## -check that it's removed after cancellation / success
+
+new-server name=s1
+----
+
+
+exec-sql
+CREATE DATABASE d;
+USE d;
+CREATE TABLE foo (i INT PRIMARY KEY, s STRING);
+CREATE TABLE baz (i INT PRIMARY KEY, s STRING);
+INSERT INTO baz VALUES (1, 'x'),(2,'y'),(3,'z');
+----
+
+
+# Define two queries which grab the ImportStartTime and ImportType from the foo's table descriptor
+exec-sql
+CREATE VIEW import_time (importStartTime)
+AS WITH tbls AS (
+   	SELECT id, crdb_internal.pb_to_json('cockroach.sql.sqlbase.Descriptor', descriptor) AS orig FROM system.descriptor
+   )
+SELECT orig->'table'->'importStartWallTime' FROM tbls
+INNER JOIN (SELECT id FROM system.namespace WHERE name='foo') AS sys
+ON sys.id = tbls.id;
+----
+
+
+exec-sql
+CREATE VIEW import_type (importType)
+AS WITH tbls AS (
+   	SELECT id, crdb_internal.pb_to_json('cockroach.sql.sqlbase.Descriptor', descriptor) AS orig FROM system.descriptor
+   )
+SELECT orig->'table'->'importType' FROM tbls
+INNER JOIN (SELECT id FROM system.namespace WHERE name='foo') AS sys
+ON sys.id = tbls.id;
+----
+
+
+exec-sql
+EXPORT INTO CSV 'nodelocal://0/export1/' FROM SELECT * FROM baz WHERE i = 1;
+----
+
+
+exec-sql
+SET CLUSTER SETTING jobs.debug.pausepoints = 'import.after_ingest';
+----
+
+
+import expect-pausepoint tag=a
+IMPORT INTO foo (i,s) CSV DATA ('nodelocal://0/export1/export*-n*.0.csv')
+----
+job paused at pausepoint
+
+
+query-sql regex=^"\d.
+SELECT * FROM import_time
+----
+true
+
+
+query-sql
+SELECT * FROM import_type
+----
+"IMPORT_EXISTS_EMPTY"
+
+
+# attempting another import on the table should fail, as there's already an in-progress import
+# on the table.
+exec-sql
+IMPORT INTO foo (i,s) CSV DATA ('nodelocal://0/export1/export*-n*.0.csv')
+----
+pq: relation "foo" is offline: importing
+
+
+# Cancel the job so that the cleanup hook runs, and ensure the importStartTime is 0.
+job cancel=a
+----
+
+
+query-sql
+SELECT * FROM import_time
+----
+<nil>
+
+
+query-sql
+SELECT * FROM import_type
+----
+<nil>
+
+
+# remove the pause setting, and try the import again and ensure it succeeds.
+exec-sql
+SET CLUSTER SETTING jobs.debug.pausepoints = '';
+----
+
+
+exec-sql
+IMPORT INTO foo (i,s) CSV DATA ('nodelocal://0/export1/export*-n*.0.csv')
+----
+
+
+query-sql
+SELECT * FROM import_time
+----
+<nil>
+
+
+query-sql
+SELECT * FROM import_type
+----
+<nil>
+
+
+# ensure importing into an existing table also modifies the descriptor properly
+exec-sql
+EXPORT INTO CSV 'nodelocal://0/export2/' FROM SELECT * FROM baz WHERE i = 2;
+----
+
+
+exec-sql
+SET CLUSTER SETTING jobs.debug.pausepoints = 'import.after_ingest';
+----
+
+
+import expect-pausepoint tag=b
+IMPORT INTO foo (i,s) CSV DATA ('nodelocal://0/export2/export*-n*.0.csv')
+----
+job paused at pausepoint
+
+
+query-sql regex=^"\d.
+SELECT * FROM import_time
+----
+true
+
+
+query-sql
+SELECT * FROM import_type
+----
+"IMPORT_EXISTS_NON_EMPTY"
+
+
+# Cancel the job so that the cleanup hook runs.
+job cancel=b
+----
+
+
+query-sql
+SELECT * FROM import_time
+----
+<nil>