Get familiar with Ruby, Python and Go

Get yourself familiar with three popular back-end languages at once.

• Variables and Data types
  • Ruby
  • Python
  • Go
• Conditions
  • Ruby
  • Python
  • Go
• Functions or Methods
  • Ruby
  • Python
  • Go
• Class
  • Ruby
  • Python
  • Go

---

Variables and Data types

Ruby

int_num = 10
float_num = 10.5
name = "hello"
num_arr = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

# Accessing items in Array
num_arr.each do |num|
  puts num
end

# output: print 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 with new line

# -------------------- Hash ---------------
fruits_hash = { apple: 10, orange: 5, banana: 20 }

# Accessing items in Hash
fruits_hash.each do |name, qty|
  puts "We have fruit #{name} of #{qty} quantity"
end

# output
We have fruit apple of 10 quantity
We have fruit orange of 5 quantity
We have fruit banana of 20 quantity

Python

int_num = 10
float_num = 10.5
name = "hello"
num_arr = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

# Accessing items in Array
for num in num_arr:
  print(num)

# output: print 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 with new line  

# -------------------- Dictionary ---------------
fruits_hash = { "apple": 10, "orange": 5, "banana": 20 }

# Accessing items in Dictionary
for name,qty in fruits_hash.items():
  print(f"We have fruit {name} of {qty} quantity")

# output
We have fruit apple of 10 quantity
We have fruit orange of 5 quantity
We have fruit banana of 20 quantity

Go

var age int  // there are others like int8, int16, int32, ...
age = 10

or

age := 10

float_num := 10.5
fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(float_num).String())

var name string
  name = "foo"

var num_arr [3]int
num_arr[0] = 10
num_arr[1] = 20
num_arr[2] = 30

# Accessing items in Array
for _, num := range num_arr {
  fmt.Println(num)
}  

# output: print 10, 20, 30 with new line

// -------------------- Maps ---------------
fruits_hash := make(map[string]int)

fruits_hash["apple"] = 10
fruits_hash["orange"] = 5
fruits_hash["banana"] = 20

# Accessing items in Dictionary
for name, qty := range fruits_hash {
  	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("We have fruit %s of %d quantity", name, qty))
  }

# output
We have fruit apple of 10 quantity
We have fruit orange of 5 quantity
We have fruit banana of 20 quantity

Conditions

Ruby

num1 = 10
num2 = 15

if num1 < num2
  puts "#{num1} is less than #{num2}"
elsif num1 > num2
  puts "#{num1} is greater than #{num2}"
else
  puts "Both are equal."
end

Python

num1 = 10
num2 = 15

if num1 < num2:
  print(f"{num1} is less than {num2}")
elif num1 > num2:
  print(f"{num1} is greater than {num2}")
else:
  print("Both are equal.")

Go

num1 := 10
num2 := 15

if num1 < num2 {
  fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("%d is less than %d", num1, num2))
} else if num1 > num2 {
  fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("%d is greater than %d", num1, num2))
} else {
  fmt.Println("Both are equal.")
}

Functions or Methods

Ruby

def add(a, b)
  a + b
end

puts(add(10, 15))

Python

def add(a, b):
  return a + b

print(add(10, 15))

Go

func add(a int, b int) int {
	return a + b
}

fmt.Println(add(10, 15))

Class

Ruby

class Employee
  def initialize(fname, lname, total_leaves, leaves_taken)
    @first_name = fname
    @last_name = lname
    @total_leaves = total_leaves
    @leaves_taken = leaves_taken
  end

  def leaves_remaining
    puts("#{@first_name} #{@last_name} has #{leaves_left} leaves remaining")
  end

  private

  def leaves_left
    @total_leaves - @leaves_taken
  end
end

e = Employee.new("Foo", "Bar", 30, 15)
e.leaves_remaining

Python

class Employee:
  def __init__(self, fname, lname, total_leaves, leaves_taken):
    self.first_name = fname
    self.last_name = lname
    self.total_leaves = total_leaves
    self.leaves_taken = leaves_taken

  def leaves_remaining(self):
    print(f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name} has {self.total_leaves - self.leaves_taken}")

e = Employee("Foo", "Bar", 30, 20)
e.leaves_remaining()

Go

package main

import (
	"fmt"
)

// Employee is an employee class
type Employee struct {
	FirstName   string
	LastName    string
	TotalLeaves int
	LeavesTaken int
}

// LeavesRemaining gives no. of total leaves balance
func (e Employee) LeavesRemaining() {
	fmt.Printf("%s %s has %d leaves remaining\n",
		e.FirstName, e.LastName, (e.TotalLeaves - e.LeavesTaken))
}

func main() {
	e := Employee{
		FirstName:   "Foo",
		LastName:    "Bar",
		TotalLeaves: 30,
		LeavesTaken: 15,
	}
	e.LeavesRemaining()
}