CTR DRBG with vector AES NI

This repository provides a CTR DRBG software implementation that leverages the (forthcoming) Vector AES_NI instructions [1], [2]. These instructions perform one round of AES encryption/decryption on 1/2/4 128-bit operands. They receive 1/2/4 plaintext/ ciphertext blocks and 1/2/4 round keys, as input. This can speed up the throughput of AES computations by a factor of up to 4x.

Some motivation:

Multiple NIST Post Quantum Cryptography Project candidates use DRBG. Thus, they also (at least implicitly) rely on the performance of the DRBG implementation. The goal of this package is to provide NIST, and the cryptographic community, a fast COUNTER DRBG that leverages the new (forthcoming) vectorized AES instructions. This would speed up the performance of the relevant candidates on the future CPUs.

Real Icelake (Intel microarchitecture) samples are not yet available. Therefore, we used the Intel Software Developer Emulator (SDE) to predict the potential improvement on future architectures. The prediction is based on counting the number of instructions of the CTR_DRBG_generate with and without the new instructions. The rationale is that a reduced number of instructions typically indicates improved performance (although the exact relation is not known in advanced). The results could be validated as soon as real CPU's with this capability come out.

The CTR DRBG portion of the code (ctr_drbg.c/h) is taken from BoringSSL (with almost no changes). This DRBG does not use derivation functions or prediction resistance.

The package can be compiled in three flavors:

1. Validation (default) – uses the test vectors of the Cryptographic Algorithm Validation Program (CAVP) of NIST [https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/cryptographic-algorithm-validation-program] to verify the CTR DRBG code. The relevant KATs are copied into the KAT directory.
2. Measure the DRBG performance.
3. Count the number of instructions of the CTR_DRBG_generate function (see instructions below).

License

This code was written by Nir Drucker and Shay Gueron AWS Cryptographic Algorithms Group ([email protected], [email protected])

This library is licensed under the Apache 2.0 License.

To compile:

make

Compilation flags:

• CC - To set the compiler
• AS - To set the assembly version
• PERF - To measure performance
• COUNT_INSTRUCTIONS - To measure the number of instructions (set PERF=1)
• VAES - To use vector AES_NI instructions on Intel ICL platforms

Compilation example:

make CC=clang-6.0 AS=binutils-2.30/gas/as-new PERF=1 COUNT_INSTRUCTIONS=1 VAES=1

In order to run the DRBG with the new VAES instructions (without a real CPU with these instructions):

1. Prerequisites:

   1.1) Download Software Developer Emulator (SDE) version 8.12 or higher, from https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-software-development-emulator

   1.2) Ensure the assembly version (binutils) is 2.30 or higher.

   1.3) Use at least gcc 8.2.0 or clang 6.0. older compilers will not recognize the -mvaes flag.

2. Run the binary using SDE

   2.1) sde -icl -mix -start_ssc_mark 1 -stop_ssc_mark 2 -- ./bin/ctr_drbg

If the COUNT_INSTRUCTIONS flag is set, the results will appear in sde-mix-out.txt. See the SDE site above on instructions on how to read this file.

[1] Drucker, Nir, Shay Gueron, and Vlad Krasnov. 2018. Making AES Great Again: The Forthcoming Vectorized AES Instruction. IACR Cryptology EPrint Archive. https://eprint.iacr.org/2018/392.pdf

[2] Intel architecture instruction set extensions programming reference.https://software.intel.com/sites/default/files/managed/c5/15/architecture-instruction-set-extensions-programming-reference.pdf , October 2017.