Fix bug where selection included deprecated rules during preview

[zanieb]

Cherry-picked from #9714 which is being abandoned for now because we need to invest more into our redirection infrastructure before it is feasible.

Fixes a bug in the implementation where we improperly included deprecated rules in RuleSelector.rules() when preview is on. Includes some clean-up of error messages and the implementation.

[github-actions]

ruff-ecosystem results

Linter (stable)

ℹ️ ecosystem check encountered linter errors. (no lint changes; 1 project error)

sphinx-doc/sphinx (error)

warning: The `show-source` option has been deprecated in favor of `output-format`'s "full" and "concise" variants. Please update your configuration to use `output-format = <full|concise>` instead.
ruff failed
  Cause: Selection of unstable rules without the `--preview` flag is not allowed. Enable preview or remove selection of:
	- FURB131
	- FURB113
	- FURB132

Linter (preview)

ℹ️ ecosystem check detected linter changes. (+1 -33929 violations, +0 -0 fixes in 4 projects; 2 project errors; 37 projects unchanged)

apache/airflow (+0 -22899 violations, +0 -0 fixes)

ruff check --no-cache --exit-zero --output-format concise --preview --select ALL

- airflow/api/__init__.py:46:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api/auth/backend/kerberos_auth.py:73:18: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/api_client.py:27:18: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/api_client.py:33:21: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/api_client.py:45:20: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/api_client.py:52:18: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/api_client.py:59:19: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/api_client.py:63:21: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/api_client.py:73:21: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/api_client.py:80:21: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/json_client.py:100:19: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/json_client.py:111:21: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- airflow/api/client/json_client.py:132:21: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
... 22043 additional changes omitted for rule ANN101
- airflow/api/client/local_client.py:80:13: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api/common/experimental/get_code.py:41:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api/common/experimental/pool.py:65:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/connection_endpoint.py:131:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/connection_endpoint.py:164:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/connection_endpoint.py:169:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/connection_endpoint.py:206:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/dag_endpoint.py:138:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/dag_endpoint.py:148:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/dag_endpoint.py:171:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/dag_endpoint.py:220:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
... 351 additional changes omitted for rule TRY200
- airflow/callbacks/callback_requests.py:57:19: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- airflow/callbacks/callback_requests.py:95:19: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- airflow/cli/commands/standalone_command.py:51:20: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- airflow/dag_processing/manager.py:496:9: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- airflow/dag_processing/processor.py:420:21: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- airflow/dag_processing/processor.py:795:21: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- airflow/exceptions.py:223:15: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- airflow/executors/base_executor.py:498:21: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- airflow/executors/executor_loader.py:121:9: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
... 22866 additional changes omitted for project

bokeh/bokeh (+0 -4125 violations, +0 -0 fixes)

ruff check --no-cache --exit-zero --output-format concise --preview --select ALL

- examples/output/apis/autoload_static.py:32:20: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- examples/output/apis/autoload_static.py:34:13: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- examples/output/apis/autoload_static.py:41:20: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- examples/output/apis/autoload_static.py:43:13: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- examples/server/api/tornado_embed.py:15:13: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- examples/server/app/server_auth/auth.py:27:13: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
... 4003 additional changes omitted for rule ANN101
- src/bokeh/client/session.py:524:28: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- src/bokeh/colors/color.py:115:18: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- src/bokeh/colors/color.py:132:18: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
- src/bokeh/colors/color.py:245:18: ANN102 Missing type annotation for `cls` in classmethod
... 4115 additional changes omitted for project

ibis-project/ibis (+1 -0 violations, +0 -0 fixes)

ruff check --no-cache --exit-zero --output-format concise --preview

+ ibis/common/tests/test_graph.py:25:22: RUF023 [*] `MyNode.__match_args__` is not sorted

zulip/zulip (+0 -6905 violations, +0 -0 fixes)

ruff check --no-cache --exit-zero --output-format concise --preview --select ALL

- analytics/lib/counts.py:105:9: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- analytics/lib/counts.py:112:26: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- analytics/lib/counts.py:49:24: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- analytics/lib/counts.py:55:9: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- analytics/lib/counts.py:73:18: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
- analytics/lib/counts.py:76:30: ANN101 Missing type annotation for `self` in method
... 6614 additional changes omitted for rule ANN101
- analytics/views/stats.py:156:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- confirmation/models.py:102:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- corporate/lib/registration.py:115:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
- corporate/lib/remote_billing_util.py:124:9: TRY200 Use `raise from` to specify exception cause
... 6895 additional changes omitted for project

fronzbot/blinkpy (error)

ruff check --no-cache --exit-zero --output-format concise --preview

warning: The top-level linter settings are deprecated in favour of their counterparts in the `lint` section. Please update the following options in your configuration:
  - 'ignore' -> 'lint.ignore'
  - 'select' -> 'lint.select'
  - 'mccabe' -> 'lint.mccabe'
  - 'per-file-ignores' -> 'lint.per-file-ignores'


ruff failed
  Cause: Selection of deprecated rule `TRY200` is not allowed when preview mode is enabled.

sphinx-doc/sphinx (error)

ruff check --no-cache --exit-zero --output-format concise --preview

warning: The `show-source` option has been deprecated in favor of `output-format`'s "full" and "concise" variants. Please update your configuration to use `output-format = <full|concise>` instead.
ruff failed
  Cause: Selection of deprecated rule `ANN102` is not allowed when preview mode is enabled.

Changes by rule (4 rules affected)

code	total	+ violation	- violation	+ fix	- fix
ANN101	32681	0	32681	0	0
TRY200	636	0	636	0	0
ANN102	612	0	612	0	0
RUF023	1	1	0	0	0