Improve debug printing for resolving origin of config settings #21786

Job	Run time
cargo fuzz	3m 27s
cargo fmt	16s
cargo clippy	1m 49s
benchmarks	9m 22s
cargo test (linux)	3m 29s
cargo test (wasm)	1m 21s
cargo udeps	1m 51s
cargo test (windows)	5m 9s
Determine changes	7s
mkdocs	1m 56s
python package	1m 10s
pre-commit	27s
test scripts	46s
formatter instabilities and black similarity	0s
test ruff-lsp	21s
ecosystem	7m 42s
	39m 13s

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