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Faucet is an Application on Ryu Openflow Controller to enable drop-in replacement for standard or legacy L2/L3 switch with extra SDN based functionality

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Version: 1.1
Copyright: 2015 REANNZ. All Rights Reserved.

Faucet

Faucet is an OpenFlow controller for a layer 2 switch based on Waikato University's Valve. It handles MAC learning and supports VLANs and ACLs. It is developed as an application for the Ryu OpenFlow Controller .

It supports:

  • OpenFlow v1.3
  • Multiple datapaths (using a single process)
  • Mixed tagged/untagged ports
  • Port statistics
  • ACL support: Rules are added in the order specified. The rule language supports anything the Ryu OpenFlow protocol parser supports (q.v. ofctl to_match()).
  • Control unicast flooding by port and by VLAN
  • BGP advertisement of controller IPs and static routes and Quagga support
  • Policy based forwarding to offload processing to external systems (Eg 802.1x via hostapd)
  • Support for IPv4 and IPv6 static routes on both tagged and untagged VLANs
  • Integrated support for InfluxDB/Grafana
  • Comprehensive Test suite - tests for all features that can be run against mininet (development) and on hardware; Most tests run in parallel to reduce time.
  • Code: Python based, easy readability (PEP8 style), documented, Unit tests for all features
  • Installation: Python pip (pip install ryu_faucet), pre-built VM available - https://susestudio.com/a/ENQFFD/ryu-faucet, Makefiles to build Docker images

Feature Details

ACL Support

Rules are added in the order specified. The rule language supports anything the Ryu OpenFlow protocol parser supports (q.v. ofctl to_match()). In this example,configure an ACL on port 1, default deny, that passes an IPv4 subnet and ARP. Following config applies an input ACL to port 1.

Supports any ACL rule that https://github.com/osrg/ryu/blob/master/ryu/lib/ofctl_v1_3.py to_match() supports.

---
version: 2

dps:
    test-switch-1:
        dp_id: 0x000000000001
        interfaces:
            1:
                native_vlan: 2040
                acl_in: 1

vlans:
    2040:
        name: "dev VLAN"

acls:
    1:
        - rule:
            nw_dst: "172.0.0.0/8"
            dl_type: 0x800
            allow: 1

        - rule:
            dl_type: 0x0806
            allow: 1

        - rule:
            nw_dst: "10.0.0.0/16"
            dl_type: 0x800
            allow: 0

        - rule:

Unicast Flood

The default is to flood unknown unicast packets (of course). You might not want unicast flooding on a port for security reasons.

If you add unicast_flood: False to a port, then that port will never get unknown destinations flooded to it. So hosts on that port will have to say something to get learned (or someone will need to ND/ARP for it). Broadcasts and Ethernet multicasts are still flooded to that port (so of course ND and ARP work just fine).

You can also add unicast_flood: False to a VLAN, which will override all the ports. On my untrusted VLAN, the default gateway has permanent_learn enabled, and unicast flooding disabled.

Configuration

Faucet is configured with a YAML-based configuration file. A sample configuration file is supplied in faucet.yaml.

The datapath ID may be specified as an integer or hex string (beginning with 0x).

A port not explicitly defined in the YAML configuration file will be set down and will drop all packets.

Versions

The Faucet configuration file format occasionally changes to add functionality or accommodate changes inside Faucet. If the version field is not specified in faucet.yaml, the current default value is 1.

Version 1 of the Faucet configuration file format does not allow multiple datapaths to be defined. The one datapath configured for this Faucet instance is configured using top level values, a sample of which can be found in faucet.yaml. Previous (1.0 and older) versions of Faucet do not support the version field, so most configuration files in this format should not use it.

This version of the Faucet configuration file format is deprecated and will be removed shortly, so new installations of Faucet should use the version 2 format, documented below.

---
dp_id: 0x000000000001
name: "test-switch-1"

interfaces:
    1:
        native_vlan: 2040
        acl_in: 1

vlans:
    2040:
        name: "dev VLAN"

acls:
    1:
        - rule:
            nw_dst: "172.0.0.0/8"
            dl_type: 0x800
            allow: 1

        - rule:
            dl_type: 0x0806
            allow: 1

        - rule:
            nw_dst: "10.0.0.0/16"
            dl_type: 0x800
            allow: 0

Version 2 of the Faucet configuration file format adds the version field, and allows multiple datapaths (switches) to be defined in one configuration file using the dps object, with each datapath sharing the vlans and acls objects defined in that file.

---
version: 2

dps:
    test-switch-1:
        dp_id: 0x000000000001
        interfaces:
            1:
                native_vlan: 2040
                acl_in: 1
    test_switch_2:
        dp_id: 0x000000000002
        interfaces:
            1:
                native_vlan: 2040
                acl_in: 1

vlans:
    2040:
        name: "dev VLAN"

acls:
    1:
        - rule:
            nw_dst: "172.0.0.0/8"
            dl_type: 0x800
            allow: 1

        - rule:
            dl_type: 0x0806
            allow: 1

        - rule:
            nw_dst: "10.0.0.0/16"
            dl_type: 0x800
            allow: 0

Extra DP, VLAN or ACL data can also be separated into different files and included into the main configuration file, as shown below. The include field is used for configuration files which are required to be loaded, and Faucet will log an error if there was a problem while loading a file. Files listed on include-optional will simply be skipped and a warning will be logged instead.

Files are parsed in order, and both absolute and relative (to the configuration file) paths are allowed. DPs, VLANs or ACLs defined in subsequent files overwrite previously defined ones with the same name.

faucet.yaml:

---
version: 2

include:
    - /etc/ryu/faucet/dps.yaml
    - /etc/ryu/faucet/vlans.yaml

include-optional:
    - acls.yaml

dps.yaml:

---
# Recursive include is allowed, if needed.
# Again, relative paths are relative to this configuration file.
include-optional:
    - override.yaml

dps:
    test-switch-1:
        ...
    test-switch-2:
        ...

Installation with pip

Installation automatically installs dependent Python packages [ryu, pyaml, influxdb client] recursively.

You have run this as root or use sudo

pip install https://pypi.python.org/packages/a3/5a/197046b6fbad2f129e108358d7ba9674ebae638a227e6a1680cd77c7bd13/ryu-faucet-1.1.tar.gz
pip show -f ryu-faucet

Optional Install for Network Monitoring Dashboard

Uninstall

To Uninstall the package

pip uninstall ryu-faucet

Installation with docker

We provide official automated builds on Docker Hub so that you can easily run Faucet and it's components in a self-contained environment without installing on the main host system.

Provided are two Docker containers, one for running Faucet and one for running Gauge. The Gauge container needs to be linked to a database container as well as a Grafana container. We also supply a docker-compose.yaml that can be used to start all the components together.

Docker tags are used to differentiate versions of Faucet, latest will always point to master branch on github and stable versions are also tagged e.g v1_0 and v1_1.

Running Faucet and Gauge with docker-compose

  1. Follow the Docker Installation Guide and install Docker Compose.
  2. Tweak environment variables, exposed ports, volumes and tags in docker-compose.yaml to match your environment.
  3. Run docker-compose up which will pull all the correct images and start them.

For more advanced documentation on running Faucet with docker please read README.docker.md.

Architecture

src/docs/faucet_architecture.png

Deployment

src/docs/faucet_deployment.png

Deployment at Open Networking Foundation

src/docs/images/ONF_Faucet_deploy1.png

Faucet Deployment around the World

https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?mid=1MZ0M9ZtZOp2yHWS0S-BQH0d3e4s&hl=en

OpenFlow Pipeline

PACKETS IN      +-------------------------+ +-------------------------+
  +             |                         | |                         |
  |             |                         | |        CONTROLLER       |
  |             |                         | |            ^            |
  |             |                         | |       +----+-----+      v
  |       +-----+----+  +----------+  +---+-+----+  |3:IPv4_FIB|  +---+------+  +----------+
  |       |0:VLAN    |  |1:ACL     |  |2:ETH_SRC +->+          +->+5:ETH_DST |  |6:FLOOD   |
  +------>+          |  |          |  |          |  |          |  |          |  |          |
          |          |  |          |  |          |  +----------+  |          |  |          |
          |          |  |          |  |          |                |          |  |          |
          |          +->+          +->+          +--------------->+          +->+          |
          |          |  |          |  |          |                |          |  |          |
          |          |  |          |  |          |  +----------+  |          |  |          |
          |          |  |          |  |          |  |4:IPv6_FIB|  |          |  |          |
          |          |  |          |  |          +->+          +->+          |  |          |
          +----------+  +----------+  +----+-----+  |          |  +------+---+  +--+-------+
                                           |        +----+-----+         |         |
                                           v             v               v         v
                                       CONTROLLER    CONTROLLER          PACKETS OUT

Running

Note: On your system, depending on how Python is installed, you may have to install some additional packages to run faucet.

Run with ryu-manager (uses /etc/ryu/faucet/faucet.yaml as configuration by default):

# export FAUCET_CONFIG=/etc/ryu/faucet/faucet.yaml
# export GAUGE_CONFIG=/etc/ryu/faucet/gauge.conf
# export FAUCET_LOG=/var/log/faucet/faucet.log
# export FAUCET_EXCEPTION_LOG=/var/log/faucet/faucet_exception.log
# export GAUGE_LOG=/var/log/faucet/gauge_exception.log
# export GAUGE_EXCEPTION_LOG=/var/log/faucet/gauge_exception.log
# export GAUGE_DB_CONFIG=/etc/ryu/faucet/gauge_db.yaml
# $EDITOR /etc/ryu/faucet/faucet.yaml
# ryu-manager --verbose faucet.py

To find the location of faucet.py, run pip show ryu-faucet to get the Location Path. Then run:

# ryu-manager --verbose <Location_Path>/ryu_faucet/org/onfsdn/faucet/faucet.py

Alternatively, if OF Controller is using a non-default port of 6633, for example 6653, then:

# ryu-manager --verbose  --ofp-tcp-listen-port 6653 <Location_Path>/ryu_faucet/org/onfsdn/faucet/faucet.py

On Mac OS X, for example, one would run this as:

# ryu-manager --verbose /opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ryu_faucet/org/onfsdn/faucet/faucet.py

To specify a different configuration file set the FAUCET_CONFIG environment variable.

Faucet will log to /var/log/faucet/faucet.log and /var/log/faucet/faucet_exception.log by default, this can be changed with the FAUCET_LOG and FAUCET_EXCEPTION_LOG environment variables.

Gauge will log to /var/log/faucet/gauge.log and /var/log/faucet/gauge_exception.log by default, this can be changed with the GAUGE_LOG and GAUGE_EXCEPTION_LOG environment variables.

If running Faucet in virtualenv and without specifying the environment variables above, the default log and configuration locations will change to reflect the virtual environment's prefix path. For example, the default Faucet log location will be <venv prefix>/var/log/faucet/faucet.log. The Gauge configuration must still be updated in this case by modifying <venv prefix>/etc/ryu/faucet/gauge.conf to reflect the location of the configuration file used by Faucet (<venv prefix>/etc/ryu/faucet/faucet.conf). When using virtualenv, also create the log directory at its new location, <venv prefix>/var/log/ryu/faucet, rather than the global /var/log/ryu/faucet.

To tell Faucet to reload its configuration file after you've changed it, simply send it a SIGHUP:

pkill -SIGHUP -f "ryu-manager faucet.py"

Testing

Before issuing a Pull Request

Run the tests to make sure everything works! Mininet test actually spins up virtual hosts and a switch, and a test FAUCET controller, and checks connectivity between all the hosts given a test config. If you send a patch, this mininet test must pass.

git clone https://github.com/onfsdn/faucet
cd faucet/tests
# (As namespace, etc needs to be setup, run the next command as root)
sudo ./faucet_mininet_test.py
./test_config.py

Working with Real Hardware

If you are a hardware vendor wanting to support FAUCET, you need to support all the matches in src/ryu_faucet/org/onfsdn/faucet/valve.py:valve_in_match().

Faucet has been tested against the following switches: (Hint: look at src/ryu_faucet/org/onfsdn/faucet/dp.py to add your switch)

  1. Open vSwitch v2.1+ - Open Source available at http://www.openvswitch.org
  2. Lagopus Openflow Switch - Open Source available at https://lagopus.github.io
  3. Allied Telesis x510 and x930 series - https://www.alliedtelesis.com/products/x930-series
  4. NoviFlow 1248 - http://noviflow.com/products/noviswitch
  5. Northbound Networks - Zodiac FX - http://northboundnetworks.com/collections/zodiac-fx
  6. HP Enterprise Aruba 3810 - http://www.arubanetworks.com/products/networking/switches/3810-series

Faucet's design principle is to be as hardware agnostic as possible and not require TTPs. That means that Faucet excepts the hardware OFA to hide implementation details, including which tables are best for certain matches or whether there is special support for multicast - Faucet excepts the OFA to leverage the right hardware transparently.

Buying and running commercial switches supporting ryu-faucet

Allied Telesis

Allied Telesis <http://www.alliedtelesis.com/sdn> sells their products via distributors and resellers. To order in USA call ProVantage <http://www.provantage.com/allied-telesis-splx10~7ALL912L.htm>. To find a sales office near you, visit Allied Telesis <http://www.AlliedTelesis.com>

  • On Allied Telesis, all vlans must be included in the vlan database config on the switch before they can be used by OpenFlow.

NoviFlow

NoviFlow <http://noviflow.com>

NorthBound Networks

NorthBound Networks <http://northboundnetworks.com>

FAUCET supports the Zodiac FX as of v0.60 firmware.

HP Enterprise

HP Enterprise <http://www.hp.com> and its many distributors and resellers.

Gauge

Gauge is the monitoring application. It polls each port for statistics and periodically dumps the flow table for statistics.

Gauge reads the faucet yaml configuration files of the datapaths it monitors. Which datapaths to monitor is provided in a configuration file containing a list of faucet yaml files, one per line.

The list of faucet yaml config is by default read from /etc/ryu/faucet/gauge.conf. This can be set with the GAUGE_CONFIG environment variable. Exceptions are logged to the same file as faucet's exceptions.

Gauge is run with ryu-manager:

$EDITOR /etc/ryu/faucet/gauge.conf
ryu-manager gauge.py

Screenshots

src/docs/images/faucet-snapshot1.png

src/docs/images/faucet-snapshot2.png

src/docs/images/faucet-snapshot3.png

Support

If you have any technical questions, problems or suggestions regarding Faucet please send them to [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>. Mailing list archives are available here <https://groups.google.com/a/openflowsdn.org/forum/#!forum/faucet-dev>.

Documentation is available under the docs <https://github.com/REANNZ/faucet/tree/master/src/docs> directory.

Faucet related blog by Josh Bailey available at http://faucet-sdn.blogspot.co.nz

To create a issue, use GitHub Issues <https://github.com/onfsdn/faucet/issues>

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Faucet is an Application on Ryu Openflow Controller to enable drop-in replacement for standard or legacy L2/L3 switch with extra SDN based functionality

onfsdn.github.io/faucet

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