refactor(k8s): add v prefix for Go packages

[afdesk]

Description

This PR continues addressing inconsistencies in version display by ensuring the prefix v is consistently applied (and preserved) for Kubernetes packages. Since these packages are Go modules, the v prefix aligns with the standard convention for Go module versioning.

Test steps:

$ kind delete cluster && kind create cluster
$ trivy k8s -f cyclonedx

CycloneDX before:

    {
      "ref": "fd4bf58c-96b6-4e52-b306-8b5f155128ba",
      "dependsOn": [
        "pkg:golang/github.com%2Fcontainerd%[email protected]",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%[email protected]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ref": "pkg:k8s/go.etcd.io%2Fetcd%[email protected]",
      "dependsOn": [
        "pkg:oci/etcd@sha256%3A27e3830e1402783674d8b594038967deea9d51f0d91b34c93c8f39d2f68af7da?repository_url=registry.k8s.io%2Fetcd"
      ]
    },

    {
      "ref": "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%[email protected]",
      "dependsOn": [
        "024ac545-acf4-46bc-8feb-a24ea1a04883",
        "e66f13ac-b42f-468b-b120-6e7210d1d61c",
        "ea90103a-d9f5-45c6-9a41-123faa7ec294",
        "pkg:k8s/go.etcd.io%2Fetcd%[email protected]",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%2Fapiserver",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%2Fcontroller-manager",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%2Fkube-proxy",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%2Fkube-scheduler",
        "pkg:k8s/kindnet@20241023-a345ebe4"
      ]
    },

CycloneDX after:

    {
      "ref": "589922f5-6624-45f4-96f4-b3669a106ba1",
      "dependsOn": [
        "pkg:golang/github.com%2Fcontainerd%[email protected]",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%[email protected]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ref": "pkg:k8s/go.etcd.io%2Fetcd%[email protected]",
      "dependsOn": [
        "pkg:oci/etcd@sha256%3A27e3830e1402783674d8b594038967deea9d51f0d91b34c93c8f39d2f68af7da?repository_url=registry.k8s.io%2Fetcd"
      ]
    },
{
      "ref": "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%[email protected]",
      "dependsOn": [
        "38b8687c-6bda-4138-a115-07292db23b67",
        "bb9085be-f357-4a66-9a2d-9e55ac23c62e",
        "e445c06b-70f4-43fc-a52c-661fd3b518b6",
        "pkg:k8s/go.etcd.io%2Fetcd%[email protected]",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%2Fapiserver",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%2Fcontroller-manager",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%2Fkube-proxy",
        "pkg:k8s/k8s.io%2Fkube-scheduler",
        "pkg:k8s/kindnet@v20241023-a345ebe4"
      ]
    },

Related issues

• Close refactor(k8s): add v prefix for Go packages #7822

Related PRs

• fix(go): Do not trim v prefix from versions in Go Mod Analyzer #7733

Checklist

• I've read the guidelines for contributing to this repository.
• I've followed the conventions in the PR title.
• I've added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works.
• I've updated the documentation with the relevant information (if needed).
• I've added usage information (if the PR introduces new options)
• I've included a "before" and "after" example to the description (if the PR is a user interface change).