[TIR][TARGET] Refactor Target codegen to use IRModule and PrimFunc.

As part of the unified IR refactor.
This PR refactors the target codegen to use IRModule containing tir::PrimFuncs.

In order to break the refactor into several steps without breaking the codebase,
we built an conversion pass to convert Array<LoweredFunc> into IRModule.

The follow-up refactors will gradually move the passes covered by IRModule up
until we cover all the passes. Then we can remove the additional redundant
concepts such as LoweredFunc.

include/tvm/ir/expr.h

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 namespace tvm {
 
@@ -307,6 +308,17 @@ class Integer : public IntImm {
    * \param other The other value.
    */
   Integer(IntImm other) : IntImm(std::move(other)) {}  // NOLINT(*)
+  /*!
+   * \brief Constructor from enum
+   * \tparam Enum The enum type.
+   * \param value The enum value.
+   */
+  template<typename ENum,
+           typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<ENum>::value>::type>
+  explicit Integer(ENum value) : Integer(static_cast<int>(value)) {
+    static_assert(std::is_same<int, typename std::underlying_type<ENum>::type>::value,
+                  "declare enum to be enum int to use visitor");
+  }
   /*!
    * \brief Assign an expression to integer.
    * \param other another expression.

include/tvm/ir/function.h

@@ -213,6 +213,27 @@ constexpr const char* kCallingConv = "calling_conv";
  * \sa tvm::Target
  */
 constexpr const char* kTarget = "target";
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Global linker symbol of the function in generated code.
+ *
+ *  This option forces the code generator to name the
+ *  function with the given.
+ *
+ *  For example, we could set a global_symbol of a function
+ *  early to make sure that we can always refer to it by
+ *  the symbol name in the generated DLL.
+ *
+ *  We should not set the attribute for local functions,
+ *  so that the compiler can freely rename them.
+ *
+ *  A unique global symbol will be automatically assigned
+ *  to each function in the module before the target code
+ *  generation phase.
+ *
+ * Type: String
+ */
+constexpr const char* kGlobalSymbol = "global_symbol";
 }  // namespace attr
 }  // namespace tvm
 #endif  // TVM_IR_FUNCTION_H_

include/tvm/ir/type.h

@@ -114,7 +114,8 @@ class PrimTypeNode : public TypeNode {
   TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(PrimTypeNode, TypeNode);
 };
 
-/*!
+
+/*
  * \brief Managed reference to PrimTypeNode.
  * \sa PrimTypeNode
  */
@@ -124,11 +125,53 @@ class PrimType : public Type {
    * \brief Constructor
    * \param dtype The corresponding dtype.
    */
-  TVM_DLL PrimType(runtime::DataType dtype);
+  TVM_DLL explicit PrimType(runtime::DataType dtype);
 
   TVM_DEFINE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(PrimType, Type, PrimTypeNode);
 };
 
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Low-level raw pointer type.
+ *
+ *  PointerType represents type hints in the TIR to be
+ *  passed to the final code generator.
+ *
+ *  PointerType should not occur in the high-level analysis.
+ *
+ * \sa PointerType
+ */
+class PointerTypeNode : public TypeNode {
+ public:
+  /*!
+   * \brief The type of the element which the pointer points to.
+   */
+  Type element_type;
+
+  void VisitAttrs(AttrVisitor* v) {
+    v->Visit("element_type", &element_type);
+  }
+
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "PointerType";
+  TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(PointerTypeNode, TypeNode);
+};
+
+/*
+ * \brief Managed reference to PointerTypeNode.
+ * \sa PointerTypeNode
+ */
+class PointerType : public Type {
+ public:
+  /*!
+   * \brief Constructor
+   * \param element_type The type of the element which the pointer points to.
+   */
+  TVM_DLL explicit PointerType(Type element_type);
+
+  TVM_DEFINE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(PointerType, Type, PointerTypeNode);
+};
+
+
 /*! \brief Possible kinds of TypeVars. */
 enum TypeKind : int {
   kType = 0,
@@ -283,6 +326,15 @@ inline Type VoidType() {
   return TupleType::Empty();
 }
 
+/*!
+ * \brief Check whether the tyep represents void.
+ * \return The check result.
+ */
+inline bool IsVoidType(const Type& type) {
+  auto* n = type.as<TupleTypeNode>();
+  return n && n->fields.size() == 0;
+}
+
 /*!
  * \brief Potential Constraints in a function.
  * \sa TypeConstraint

include/tvm/tir/expr.h

@@ -55,43 +55,53 @@ namespace tir {
  */
 class VarNode : public PrimExprNode {
  public:
-  /*! \brief constructor */
-  VarNode() {}
-  VarNode(DataType dtype, std::string name_hint);
-
   /*!
    * \brief The hint to the variable name.
    * \note Each variable is uniquely identified by its address.
    */
   std::string name_hint;
+  /*!
+   * \brief type annotaion of the variable.
+   *
+   * It is an optional field that provides a refined type of the variable than dtype.
+   *
+   * \sa tvm/ir/type.h for discussion of relations between runtime::DataType and Type.
+   */
+  Type type_annotation;
 
   void VisitAttrs(AttrVisitor* v) {
     v->Visit("dtype", &dtype);
     v->Visit("name", &name_hint);
+    v->Visit("type_annotation", &type_annotation);
   }
 
-  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "Variable";
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "tir.Var";
   TVM_DECLARE_BASE_OBJECT_INFO(VarNode, PrimExprNode);
 };
 
 /*! \brief a named variable in TVM */
 class Var : public PrimExpr {
  public:
   explicit Var(ObjectPtr<Object> n) : PrimExpr(n) {}
-  /*! \brief constructor
+  /*!
+   * \brief Constructor
    * \param name_hint variable name
-   * \param t data type
+   * \param dtype data type
    */
   TVM_DLL explicit Var(std::string name_hint = "v",
-                       DataType t = DataType::Int(32));
+                       DataType dtype = DataType::Int(32));
+  /*!
+   * \brief Constructor which provides a more detailed type annotation.
+   * \param name_hint variable name.
+   * \param type_annotation The type annotation.
+   */
+  TVM_DLL explicit Var(std::string name_hint, Type type_annotation);
   /*!
    * \brief Make a new copy of var with same type, append suffix
    * \param suffix The suffix to be appended.
    * \return the new Var copy
    */
-  Var copy_with_suffix(const std::string& suffix) const {
-    return Var((*this)->name_hint + suffix, (*this)->dtype);
-  }
+  TVM_DLL Var copy_with_suffix(const std::string& suffix) const;
   /*!
    * \brief Get pointer to the internal value.
    * \return the corresponding Variable.
@@ -116,28 +126,21 @@ class Var : public PrimExpr {
  */
 class SizeVarNode : public VarNode {
  public:
-  /*! \brief constructor */
-  SizeVarNode() {}
-  /*! \brief constructor
-   * \param dtype data type
-   * \param name_hint variable name
-   */
-  SizeVarNode(DataType dtype, std::string name_hint);
-
-  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "SizeVar";
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "tir.SizeVar";
   TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(SizeVarNode, VarNode);
 };
 
 /*! \brief a named variable represents a tensor index size */
 class SizeVar : public Var {
  public:
   explicit SizeVar(ObjectPtr<Object> n) : Var(n) {}
-  /*! \brief constructor
+  /*!
+   * \brief constructor
    * \param name_hint variable name
    * \param t data type
    */
   TVM_DLL explicit SizeVar(std::string name_hint = "s",
-                            DataType t = DataType::Int(32));
+                           DataType t = DataType::Int(32));
   /*!
    * \brief Get pointer to the internal value.
    * \return the corresponding Variable.

include/tvm/tir/function.h

@@ -171,6 +171,16 @@ constexpr const char* kDeviceThreadAxis = "tir.device_thread_axis";
  * Type: Integer
  */
 constexpr const char* kNoAlias = "tir.noalias";
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Mark the function as the entry function of
+ *        the final generated runtime module.
+ *
+ * Type: Integer
+ *
+ * \note There can only be one entry function per module.
+ */
+constexpr const char* kIsEntryFunc = "tir.is_entry_func";
 }  // namespace attr
 }  // namespace tir
 }  // namespace tvm

include/tvm/tir/ir_pass.h

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <tvm/te/schedule.h>
 #include <tvm/tir/expr.h>
 #include <tvm/tir/buffer.h>
+#include <tvm/tir/function.h>
 #include <tvm/tir/lowered_func.h>
 
 #include <unordered_map>
@@ -515,6 +516,19 @@ LoweredFunc CombineContextCall(LoweredFunc f);
  */
 LoweredFunc PointerValueTypeRewrite(LoweredFunc f);
 
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Rewrite the pointer content type of arguments,
+ *  as well as Alloc internal to the function to use
+ *  the most frequently accessed type for load/store
+ *  to avoid pointer casting in backend when possible.
+ *
+ * \note implemeneted in storage_rewrite.cc
+ * \param f The function to be trasnformed
+ * \return Transformed function.
+ */
+PrimFunc PointerValueTypeRewrite(PrimFunc f);
+
 /*!
  * \brief Lower attached storage access information on device.
  * Do this pass after all storage access analysis finish.

include/tvm/tir/op.h

@@ -52,10 +52,23 @@ namespace tvm {
  * This function could return a more refined type than
  * the runtime type provided by expr->dtype
  *
+ * \param expr The input parameter.
+ * \return The result type.
+ *
  * \sa tvm/ir/type.h for discussion about the relation between Type and runtime::DataType.
  */
 TVM_DLL Type GetType(const PrimExpr& expr);
 
+/*!
+ * \brief Get the implied DataType for storing values with type during runtime.
+ *
+ * \param type The input type.
+ * \return The result runtime::DataType.
+ *
+ * \sa tvm/ir/type.h for discussion about the relation between Type and runtime::DataType.
+ */
+TVM_DLL runtime::DataType GetRuntimeDataType(const Type& type);
+
 /*!
  * Query the maximum possible value of dtype.
  * \param dtype The data type.

python/tvm/ir/__init__.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 # pylint: disable=unused-import
 """Common data structures across all IR variants."""
 from .base import SourceName, Span, Node, EnvFunc, load_json, save_json
-from .type import Type, TypeKind, PrimType, TypeVar, GlobalTypeVar, TupleType
+from .type import Type, TypeKind, PrimType, PointerType, TypeVar, GlobalTypeVar, TupleType
 from .type import TypeConstraint, FuncType, IncompleteType, RelayRefType
 from .tensor_type import TensorType
 from .type_relation import TypeCall, TypeRelation

python/tvm/ir/json_compact.py

@@ -72,7 +72,15 @@ def _convert(item, _):
             return item
         return _convert
 
+    def _update_tir_var(new_name):
+        def _convert(item, _):
+            item["type_key"] = new_name
+            item["attrs"]["type_annotation"] = "0"
+            return item
+        return _convert
+
     node_map = {
+        # Base IR
         "relay.TypeVar": _ftype_var,
         "relay.GlobalTypeVar": _ftype_var,
         "relay.Type": _rename("Type"),
@@ -91,6 +99,9 @@ def _convert(item, _):
         "relay.PassContext": _rename("transform.PassContext"),
         "relay.ModulePass": _rename("transform.ModulePass"),
         "relay.Sequantial": _rename("transform.Sequantial"),
+        # TIR
+        "Variable": _update_tir_var("tir.Var"),
+        "SizeVar": _update_tir_var("tir.SizeVar"),
     }
     return create_updater(node_map, "0.6", "0.7")
 

python/tvm/ir/type.py

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ class TypeKind(IntEnum):
     TypeData = 6
 
 
+@tvm._ffi.register_object("PrimType")
 class PrimType(Type):
     """Primitive data type in the low level IR
 
@@ -59,6 +60,20 @@ def __init__(self, dtype):
             _ffi_api.PrimType, dtype)
 
 
+@tvm._ffi.register_object("PointerType")
+class PointerType(Type):
+    """PointerType used in the low-level TIR.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    element_type : tvm.ir.Type
+        The type of pointer's element.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, element_type):
+        self.__init_handle_by_constructor__(
+            _ffi_api.PointerType, element_type)
+
+
 @tvm._ffi.register_object("TypeVar")
 class TypeVar(Type):
     """Type parameter in functions.

python/tvm/tir/expr.py

@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ class CmpExpr(PrimExprWithOp):
 class LogicalExpr(PrimExprWithOp):
     pass
 
-@tvm._ffi.register_object("Variable")
+@tvm._ffi.register_object("tir.Var")
 class Var(PrimExprWithOp):
     """Symbolic variable.
 
@@ -297,15 +297,15 @@ class Var(PrimExprWithOp):
     name : str
         The name
 
-    dtype : str
+    dtype : Union[str, tvm.irType]
         The data type
     """
     def __init__(self, name, dtype):
         self.__init_handle_by_constructor__(
             _ffi_api.Var, name, dtype)
 
 
-@tvm._ffi.register_object
+@tvm._ffi.register_object("tir.SizeVar")
 class SizeVar(Var):
     """Symbolic variable to represent a tensor index size
        which is greater or equal to zero.