GH-36240: [Python] Refactor CumulativeSumOptions to a separate class for independent deprecation

python/pyarrow/_compute.pyx

@@ -1933,6 +1933,34 @@ class PartitionNthOptions(_PartitionNthOptions):
         self._set_options(pivot, null_placement)
 
 
+cdef class _CumulativeSumOptions(FunctionOptions):
+    def _set_options(self, start, skip_nulls):
+        if not isinstance(start, Scalar):
+            try:
+                start = lib.scalar(start)
+            except Exception:
+                _raise_invalid_function_option(
+                    start, "`start` type for CumulativeSumOptions", TypeError)
+
+        self.wrapped.reset(new CCumulativeOptions(pyarrow_unwrap_scalar(start), skip_nulls))
+
+
+class CumulativeSumOptions(_CumulativeSumOptions):
+    """
+    Options for `cumulative_sum` function.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    start : Scalar, default 0.0
+        Starting value for sum computation
+    skip_nulls : bool, default False
+        When false, the first encountered null is propagated.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, start=0.0, *, skip_nulls=False):
+        self._set_options(start, skip_nulls)
+
+
 cdef class _CumulativeOptions(FunctionOptions):
     def _set_options(self, start, skip_nulls):
         if start is None:
@@ -1947,7 +1975,7 @@ cdef class _CumulativeOptions(FunctionOptions):
                     pyarrow_unwrap_scalar(start), skip_nulls))
             except Exception:
                 _raise_invalid_function_option(
-                    start, "`start` type for CumulativeSumOptions", TypeError)
+                    start, "`start` type for CumulativeOptions", TypeError)
 
 
 class CumulativeOptions(_CumulativeOptions):

python/pyarrow/compute.py

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
     CastOptions,
     CountOptions,
     CumulativeOptions,
-    CumulativeOptions as CumulativeSumOptions,
+    CumulativeSumOptions,
     DayOfWeekOptions,
     DictionaryEncodeOptions,
     RunEndEncodeOptions,