Add minimum requirement for sqlalchemy to 1.4.24 (#33892)

Some of the recent sqlalchemy 2 changes used features tha were
added in 1.4.24 sqlalchemy (session.scalar).

We need to bump the minimum version to avoid accidental problems
with people upgrading and not bumping sqlalchemy nor using
constraints

Fixes: #33887

setup.cfg

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ install_requires =
     # See https://sqlalche.me/e/b8d9 for details of deprecated features
     # you can set environment variable SQLALCHEMY_WARN_20=1 to show all deprecation warnings.
     # The issue tracking it is https://github.com/apache/airflow/issues/28723
-    sqlalchemy>=1.4,<2.0
+    sqlalchemy>=1.4.24,<2.0
     sqlalchemy_jsonfield>=1.0
     tabulate>=0.7.5
     tenacity>=6.2.0,!=8.2.0