Disable concurrency in zstd and add Benchmark tests for it (open-tele…

…metry#9749)

**Description:** zstd benchmark tests added
The goal of this PR is to disable concurrency in zstd compression to
reduce its memory footprint and avoid a known issue with goroutine
leaks. Please see - klauspost/compress#264

**Link to tracking Issue:**
open-telemetry#8216

**Testing:** Benchmark test results below
```
BenchmarkCompression/zstdWithConcurrency/compress-10         	   21392	     55855 ns/op	187732.88 MB/s	 2329164 B/op	      28 allocs/op
BenchmarkCompression/zstdNoConcurrency/compress-10           	   29526	     39902 ns/op	262787.42 MB/s	 1758988 B/op	      15 allocs/op
input => 10.00 MB
```

.chloggen/bnchmk-zstd.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Use this changelog template to create an entry for release notes.
+
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. otlpreceiver)
+component: confighttp
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Disable concurrency in zstd compression
+
+# One or more tracking issues or pull requests related to the change
+issues: [8216]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext:
+
+# Optional: The change log or logs in which this entry should be included.
+# e.g. '[user]' or '[user, api]'
+# Include 'user' if the change is relevant to end users.
+# Include 'api' if there is a change to a library API.
+# Default: '[user]'
+change_logs: []

config/confighttp/compressor.go

@@ -28,9 +28,10 @@ var (
 	_          writeCloserReset = (*snappy.Writer)(nil)
 	snappyPool                  = &compressor{pool: sync.Pool{New: func() any { return snappy.NewBufferedWriter(nil) }}}
 	_          writeCloserReset = (*zstd.Encoder)(nil)
-	zStdPool                    = &compressor{pool: sync.Pool{New: func() any { zw, _ := zstd.NewWriter(nil); return zw }}}
-	_          writeCloserReset = (*zlib.Writer)(nil)
-	zLibPool                    = &compressor{pool: sync.Pool{New: func() any { return zlib.NewWriter(nil) }}}
+	// Concurrency 1 disables async decoding via goroutines. This is useful to reduce memory usage and isn't a bottleneck for compression using sync.Pool.
+	zStdPool                  = &compressor{pool: sync.Pool{New: func() any { zw, _ := zstd.NewWriter(nil, zstd.WithEncoderConcurrency(1)); return zw }}}
+	_        writeCloserReset = (*zlib.Writer)(nil)
+	zLibPool                  = &compressor{pool: sync.Pool{New: func() any { return zlib.NewWriter(nil) }}}
 )
 
 type compressor struct {

config/confighttp/compressor_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// This file contains helper functions regarding compression/decompression for confighttp.
+
+package confighttp // import "go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/confighttp"
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd"
+
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configcompression"
+)
+
+func BenchmarkCompression(b *testing.B) {
+	benchmarks := []struct {
+		codec    configcompression.Type
+		name     string
+		function func(*testing.B, configcompression.Type, *bytes.Buffer, []byte)
+	}{
+		{
+			codec:    configcompression.TypeZstd,
+			name:     "zstdWithConcurrency",
+			function: benchmarkCompression,
+		},
+		{
+			codec:    configcompression.TypeZstd,
+			name:     "zstdNoConcurrency",
+			function: benchmarkCompressionNoConcurrency,
+		},
+	}
+	payload := make([]byte, 10<<20)
+	buffer := bytes.Buffer{}
+	buffer.Grow(len(payload))
+
+	ts := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	defer func() {
+		fmt.Printf("input => %.2f MB\n", float64(len(payload))/(1024*1024))
+		fmt.Println(ts)
+	}()
+
+	for i := range benchmarks {
+		benchmark := &benchmarks[i]
+		b.Run(fmt.Sprint(benchmark.name), func(b *testing.B) {
+			benchmark.function(b, benchmark.codec, &buffer, payload)
+		})
+
+	}
+}
+
+func benchmarkCompression(b *testing.B, _ configcompression.Type, buf *bytes.Buffer, payload []byte) {
+	// Concurrency Enabled
+
+	b.Run("compress", func(b *testing.B) {
+		stringReader := strings.NewReader(string(payload))
+		stringReadCloser := io.NopCloser(stringReader)
+		var enc io.Writer
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		b.ReportAllocs()
+		b.SetBytes(int64(len(payload)))
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			enc, _ = zstd.NewWriter(nil, zstd.WithEncoderConcurrency(5))
+			enc.(writeCloserReset).Reset(buf)
+			_, copyErr := io.Copy(enc, stringReadCloser)
+			if copyErr != nil {
+				b.Fatal(copyErr)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func benchmarkCompressionNoConcurrency(b *testing.B, _ configcompression.Type, buf *bytes.Buffer, payload []byte) {
+	// Concurrency Disabled
+
+	b.Run("compress", func(b *testing.B) {
+		stringReader := strings.NewReader(string(payload))
+		stringReadCloser := io.NopCloser(stringReader)
+		var enc io.Writer
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		b.ReportAllocs()
+		b.SetBytes(int64(len(payload)))
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			enc, _ = zstd.NewWriter(nil, zstd.WithEncoderConcurrency(1))
+			enc.(writeCloserReset).Reset(buf)
+			_, copyErr := io.Copy(enc, stringReadCloser)
+			if copyErr != nil {
+				b.Fatal(copyErr)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}