Add requirements for testing/linting/docs and add CI workflow

.github/workflows/ci.yml

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+name: Hades CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ main ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ main ]
+
+jobs:
+  python-lint:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out pycroft and submodules
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: '3.9'
+          cache: 'pip'
+      - name: ensure presence of `wheel`
+        run: pip install wheel
+      - name: install pip dependencies
+        run: >
+          pip install
+          vendor/arpreq
+          -e .
+          -r requirements.txt
+          -r requirements.doc.txt
+          -r requirements.lint.txt
+          -r requirements.test.txt
+
+      # TODO add script rendering mypy warnings as annotations
+      - name: Execute mypy
+        run: mypy
+
+      - name: execute unittests
+        run: pytest -v tests
+
+      - name: Build sphinx docs
+        run: make SPHINXOPTS="-EN -w sphinx.log" -C docs html
+      # TODO add script rendering annotations
+      # - name: Render sphinx warnings as annotations
+      #   run: python ./scripts/render_sphinx_log.py docs/sphinx.log
+      - name: Publish sphinx docs as pages artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v1
+        with:
+          path: docs/build/html
+
+  # see https://github.com/actions/deploy-pages#usage
+  deploy-docs:
+    if: (github.event_name == 'push') && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+    # Add a dependency to the build job
+    needs: python-lint
+    # Grant GITHUB_TOKEN the permissions required to make a Pages deployment
+    permissions:
+      pages: write  # to deploy to Pages
+      id-token: write  # to verify the deployment originates from an appropriate source
+    # Deploy to the github-pages environment. see
+    # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/deployment/targeting-different-environments/using-environments-for-deployment
+    # for general information abotu environments.
+    environment:
+      name: github-pages
+      url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Deploy sphinx docs to GitHub Pages
+        id: deployment
+        uses: actions/deploy-pages@v1

requirements.doc.txt

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+guzzle-sphinx-theme~=0.7.11
+sphinx~=5.1.1
+sphinx-argparse~=0.3.1
+sphinx-autobuild~=2021.3.14
+sphinx-paramlinks~=0.5.4

requirements.lint.txt

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+mypy~=0.971
+types-docutils~=0.19.1
+types-setuptools~=65.3.0

requirements.test.txt

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+pytest~=7.1.3
+pytest-mock~=3.8.2
+trio~=0.21.0