Skip to content
New issue

Have a question about this project? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community.

By clicking “Sign up for GitHub”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement. We’ll occasionally send you account related emails.

Already on GitHub? Sign in to your account

Block Serialization Default Parser: Include TypeScript type declarations #43722

Merged
merged 1 commit into from
Aug 31, 2022

Conversation

gziolo
Copy link
Member

@gziolo gziolo commented Aug 30, 2022

What?

This PR adds types to the @wordpres/block-serialization-default-parser and exposes TypeScript types for the package.

Why?

To increase the code quality and the documentation.

It's also part of an effort to add types to @wordpress/blocks package that depends on this package.

How?

Adds JSDoc comment with types for @wordpres/block-serialization-default-parser.

Testing Instructions

All CI check should pass. Locally, npm run build:package-types should finish with no errors.

@gziolo gziolo added the [Type] Code Quality Issues or PRs that relate to code quality label Aug 30, 2022
@gziolo gziolo self-assigned this Aug 30, 2022
@gziolo gziolo requested a review from dmsnell as a code owner August 30, 2022 19:00
@gziolo gziolo added Developer Experience Ideas about improving block and theme developer experience npm Packages Related to npm packages labels Aug 30, 2022
@gziolo gziolo requested review from adamziel and ryanwelcher August 30, 2022 19:04
@gziolo gziolo force-pushed the update/block-parser-ts branch from 16cec77 to 9ddd499 Compare August 30, 2022 19:07
@github-actions
Copy link

github-actions bot commented Aug 30, 2022

Size Change: -12 B (0%)

Total Size: 1.24 MB

Filename Size Change
build/block-serialization-default-parser/index.min.js 1.1 kB -12 B (-1%)
ℹ️ View Unchanged
Filename Size
build/a11y/index.min.js 982 B
build/annotations/index.min.js 2.76 kB
build/api-fetch/index.min.js 2.26 kB
build/autop/index.min.js 2.14 kB
build/blob/index.min.js 475 B
build/block-directory/index.min.js 7.06 kB
build/block-directory/style-rtl.css 990 B
build/block-directory/style.css 991 B
build/block-editor/default-editor-styles-rtl.css 378 B
build/block-editor/default-editor-styles.css 378 B
build/block-editor/index.min.js 160 kB
build/block-editor/style-rtl.css 15.1 kB
build/block-editor/style.css 15.1 kB
build/block-library/blocks/archives/editor-rtl.css 61 B
build/block-library/blocks/archives/editor.css 60 B
build/block-library/blocks/archives/style-rtl.css 65 B
build/block-library/blocks/archives/style.css 65 B
build/block-library/blocks/audio/editor-rtl.css 150 B
build/block-library/blocks/audio/editor.css 150 B
build/block-library/blocks/audio/style-rtl.css 122 B
build/block-library/blocks/audio/style.css 122 B
build/block-library/blocks/audio/theme-rtl.css 110 B
build/block-library/blocks/audio/theme.css 110 B
build/block-library/blocks/avatar/editor-rtl.css 116 B
build/block-library/blocks/avatar/editor.css 116 B
build/block-library/blocks/avatar/style-rtl.css 59 B
build/block-library/blocks/avatar/style.css 59 B
build/block-library/blocks/block/editor-rtl.css 161 B
build/block-library/blocks/block/editor.css 161 B
build/block-library/blocks/button/editor-rtl.css 441 B
build/block-library/blocks/button/editor.css 441 B
build/block-library/blocks/button/style-rtl.css 505 B
build/block-library/blocks/button/style.css 505 B
build/block-library/blocks/buttons/editor-rtl.css 292 B
build/block-library/blocks/buttons/editor.css 292 B
build/block-library/blocks/buttons/style-rtl.css 275 B
build/block-library/blocks/buttons/style.css 275 B
build/block-library/blocks/calendar/style-rtl.css 207 B
build/block-library/blocks/calendar/style.css 207 B
build/block-library/blocks/categories/editor-rtl.css 84 B
build/block-library/blocks/categories/editor.css 83 B
build/block-library/blocks/categories/style-rtl.css 79 B
build/block-library/blocks/categories/style.css 79 B
build/block-library/blocks/code/editor-rtl.css 53 B
build/block-library/blocks/code/editor.css 53 B
build/block-library/blocks/code/style-rtl.css 103 B
build/block-library/blocks/code/style.css 103 B
build/block-library/blocks/code/theme-rtl.css 124 B
build/block-library/blocks/code/theme.css 124 B
build/block-library/blocks/columns/editor-rtl.css 108 B
build/block-library/blocks/columns/editor.css 108 B
build/block-library/blocks/columns/style-rtl.css 406 B
build/block-library/blocks/columns/style.css 406 B
build/block-library/blocks/comment-author-avatar/editor-rtl.css 125 B
build/block-library/blocks/comment-author-avatar/editor.css 125 B
build/block-library/blocks/comment-content/style-rtl.css 92 B
build/block-library/blocks/comment-content/style.css 92 B
build/block-library/blocks/comment-template/style-rtl.css 187 B
build/block-library/blocks/comment-template/style.css 185 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments-pagination-numbers/editor-rtl.css 123 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments-pagination-numbers/editor.css 121 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments-pagination/editor-rtl.css 222 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments-pagination/editor.css 209 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments-pagination/style-rtl.css 235 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments-pagination/style.css 231 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments-title/editor-rtl.css 75 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments-title/editor.css 75 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments/editor-rtl.css 834 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments/editor.css 832 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments/style-rtl.css 632 B
build/block-library/blocks/comments/style.css 630 B
build/block-library/blocks/cover/editor-rtl.css 605 B
build/block-library/blocks/cover/editor.css 607 B
build/block-library/blocks/cover/style-rtl.css 1.55 kB
build/block-library/blocks/cover/style.css 1.55 kB
build/block-library/blocks/embed/editor-rtl.css 293 B
build/block-library/blocks/embed/editor.css 293 B
build/block-library/blocks/embed/style-rtl.css 410 B
build/block-library/blocks/embed/style.css 410 B
build/block-library/blocks/embed/theme-rtl.css 110 B
build/block-library/blocks/embed/theme.css 110 B
build/block-library/blocks/file/editor-rtl.css 300 B
build/block-library/blocks/file/editor.css 300 B
build/block-library/blocks/file/style-rtl.css 253 B
build/block-library/blocks/file/style.css 254 B
build/block-library/blocks/file/view.min.js 346 B
build/block-library/blocks/freeform/editor-rtl.css 2.44 kB
build/block-library/blocks/freeform/editor.css 2.44 kB
build/block-library/blocks/gallery/editor-rtl.css 948 B
build/block-library/blocks/gallery/editor.css 950 B
build/block-library/blocks/gallery/style-rtl.css 1.53 kB
build/block-library/blocks/gallery/style.css 1.53 kB
build/block-library/blocks/gallery/theme-rtl.css 108 B
build/block-library/blocks/gallery/theme.css 108 B
build/block-library/blocks/group/editor-rtl.css 337 B
build/block-library/blocks/group/editor.css 337 B
build/block-library/blocks/group/style-rtl.css 57 B
build/block-library/blocks/group/style.css 57 B
build/block-library/blocks/group/theme-rtl.css 78 B
build/block-library/blocks/group/theme.css 78 B
build/block-library/blocks/heading/style-rtl.css 76 B
build/block-library/blocks/heading/style.css 76 B
build/block-library/blocks/html/editor-rtl.css 327 B
build/block-library/blocks/html/editor.css 329 B
build/block-library/blocks/image/editor-rtl.css 876 B
build/block-library/blocks/image/editor.css 873 B
build/block-library/blocks/image/style-rtl.css 627 B
build/block-library/blocks/image/style.css 630 B
build/block-library/blocks/image/theme-rtl.css 110 B
build/block-library/blocks/image/theme.css 110 B
build/block-library/blocks/latest-comments/style-rtl.css 284 B
build/block-library/blocks/latest-comments/style.css 284 B
build/block-library/blocks/latest-posts/editor-rtl.css 213 B
build/block-library/blocks/latest-posts/editor.css 212 B
build/block-library/blocks/latest-posts/style-rtl.css 463 B
build/block-library/blocks/latest-posts/style.css 462 B
build/block-library/blocks/list/style-rtl.css 88 B
build/block-library/blocks/list/style.css 88 B
build/block-library/blocks/media-text/editor-rtl.css 266 B
build/block-library/blocks/media-text/editor.css 263 B
build/block-library/blocks/media-text/style-rtl.css 507 B
build/block-library/blocks/media-text/style.css 505 B
build/block-library/blocks/more/editor-rtl.css 431 B
build/block-library/blocks/more/editor.css 431 B
build/block-library/blocks/navigation-link/editor-rtl.css 705 B
build/block-library/blocks/navigation-link/editor.css 703 B
build/block-library/blocks/navigation-link/style-rtl.css 115 B
build/block-library/blocks/navigation-link/style.css 115 B
build/block-library/blocks/navigation-submenu/editor-rtl.css 296 B
build/block-library/blocks/navigation-submenu/editor.css 295 B
build/block-library/blocks/navigation-submenu/view.min.js 423 B
build/block-library/blocks/navigation/editor-rtl.css 1.96 kB
build/block-library/blocks/navigation/editor.css 1.96 kB
build/block-library/blocks/navigation/style-rtl.css 2.04 kB
build/block-library/blocks/navigation/style.css 2.03 kB
build/block-library/blocks/navigation/view-modal.min.js 2.78 kB
build/block-library/blocks/navigation/view.min.js 443 B
build/block-library/blocks/nextpage/editor-rtl.css 395 B
build/block-library/blocks/nextpage/editor.css 395 B
build/block-library/blocks/page-list/editor-rtl.css 363 B
build/block-library/blocks/page-list/editor.css 363 B
build/block-library/blocks/page-list/style-rtl.css 175 B
build/block-library/blocks/page-list/style.css 175 B
build/block-library/blocks/paragraph/editor-rtl.css 174 B
build/block-library/blocks/paragraph/editor.css 174 B
build/block-library/blocks/paragraph/style-rtl.css 260 B
build/block-library/blocks/paragraph/style.css 260 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-author/style-rtl.css 175 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-author/style.css 176 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-comments-form/editor-rtl.css 96 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-comments-form/editor.css 96 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-comments-form/style-rtl.css 493 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-comments-form/style.css 493 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-date/style-rtl.css 61 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-date/style.css 61 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-excerpt/editor-rtl.css 73 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-excerpt/editor.css 73 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-excerpt/style-rtl.css 69 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-excerpt/style.css 69 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-featured-image/editor-rtl.css 507 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-featured-image/editor.css 505 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-featured-image/style-rtl.css 166 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-featured-image/style.css 166 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-template/editor-rtl.css 99 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-template/editor.css 98 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-template/style-rtl.css 282 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-template/style.css 282 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-terms/style-rtl.css 73 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-terms/style.css 73 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-title/style-rtl.css 100 B
build/block-library/blocks/post-title/style.css 100 B
build/block-library/blocks/preformatted/style-rtl.css 103 B
build/block-library/blocks/preformatted/style.css 103 B
build/block-library/blocks/pullquote/editor-rtl.css 135 B
build/block-library/blocks/pullquote/editor.css 135 B
build/block-library/blocks/pullquote/style-rtl.css 326 B
build/block-library/blocks/pullquote/style.css 325 B
build/block-library/blocks/pullquote/theme-rtl.css 167 B
build/block-library/blocks/pullquote/theme.css 167 B
build/block-library/blocks/query-pagination-numbers/editor-rtl.css 122 B
build/block-library/blocks/query-pagination-numbers/editor.css 121 B
build/block-library/blocks/query-pagination/editor-rtl.css 221 B
build/block-library/blocks/query-pagination/editor.css 211 B
build/block-library/blocks/query-pagination/style-rtl.css 282 B
build/block-library/blocks/query-pagination/style.css 278 B
build/block-library/blocks/query-title/style-rtl.css 63 B
build/block-library/blocks/query-title/style.css 63 B
build/block-library/blocks/query/editor-rtl.css 439 B
build/block-library/blocks/query/editor.css 439 B
build/block-library/blocks/quote/style-rtl.css 213 B
build/block-library/blocks/quote/style.css 213 B
build/block-library/blocks/quote/theme-rtl.css 223 B
build/block-library/blocks/quote/theme.css 226 B
build/block-library/blocks/read-more/style-rtl.css 132 B
build/block-library/blocks/read-more/style.css 132 B
build/block-library/blocks/rss/editor-rtl.css 202 B
build/block-library/blocks/rss/editor.css 204 B
build/block-library/blocks/rss/style-rtl.css 289 B
build/block-library/blocks/rss/style.css 288 B
build/block-library/blocks/search/editor-rtl.css 165 B
build/block-library/blocks/search/editor.css 165 B
build/block-library/blocks/search/style-rtl.css 396 B
build/block-library/blocks/search/style.css 393 B
build/block-library/blocks/search/theme-rtl.css 114 B
build/block-library/blocks/search/theme.css 114 B
build/block-library/blocks/separator/editor-rtl.css 146 B
build/block-library/blocks/separator/editor.css 146 B
build/block-library/blocks/separator/style-rtl.css 233 B
build/block-library/blocks/separator/style.css 233 B
build/block-library/blocks/separator/theme-rtl.css 194 B
build/block-library/blocks/separator/theme.css 194 B
build/block-library/blocks/shortcode/editor-rtl.css 464 B
build/block-library/blocks/shortcode/editor.css 464 B
build/block-library/blocks/site-logo/editor-rtl.css 455 B
build/block-library/blocks/site-logo/editor.css 455 B
build/block-library/blocks/site-logo/style-rtl.css 192 B
build/block-library/blocks/site-logo/style.css 192 B
build/block-library/blocks/site-tagline/editor-rtl.css 86 B
build/block-library/blocks/site-tagline/editor.css 86 B
build/block-library/blocks/site-title/editor-rtl.css 84 B
build/block-library/blocks/site-title/editor.css 84 B
build/block-library/blocks/social-link/editor-rtl.css 184 B
build/block-library/blocks/social-link/editor.css 184 B
build/block-library/blocks/social-links/editor-rtl.css 674 B
build/block-library/blocks/social-links/editor.css 673 B
build/block-library/blocks/social-links/style-rtl.css 1.39 kB
build/block-library/blocks/social-links/style.css 1.38 kB
build/block-library/blocks/spacer/editor-rtl.css 322 B
build/block-library/blocks/spacer/editor.css 322 B
build/block-library/blocks/spacer/style-rtl.css 48 B
build/block-library/blocks/spacer/style.css 48 B
build/block-library/blocks/table/editor-rtl.css 494 B
build/block-library/blocks/table/editor.css 494 B
build/block-library/blocks/table/style-rtl.css 611 B
build/block-library/blocks/table/style.css 609 B
build/block-library/blocks/table/theme-rtl.css 175 B
build/block-library/blocks/table/theme.css 175 B
build/block-library/blocks/tag-cloud/style-rtl.css 239 B
build/block-library/blocks/tag-cloud/style.css 239 B
build/block-library/blocks/template-part/editor-rtl.css 235 B
build/block-library/blocks/template-part/editor.css 235 B
build/block-library/blocks/template-part/theme-rtl.css 101 B
build/block-library/blocks/template-part/theme.css 101 B
build/block-library/blocks/text-columns/editor-rtl.css 95 B
build/block-library/blocks/text-columns/editor.css 95 B
build/block-library/blocks/text-columns/style-rtl.css 166 B
build/block-library/blocks/text-columns/style.css 166 B
build/block-library/blocks/verse/style-rtl.css 87 B
build/block-library/blocks/verse/style.css 87 B
build/block-library/blocks/video/editor-rtl.css 561 B
build/block-library/blocks/video/editor.css 563 B
build/block-library/blocks/video/style-rtl.css 174 B
build/block-library/blocks/video/style.css 174 B
build/block-library/blocks/video/theme-rtl.css 110 B
build/block-library/blocks/video/theme.css 110 B
build/block-library/common-rtl.css 1.01 kB
build/block-library/common.css 1 kB
build/block-library/editor-elements-rtl.css 75 B
build/block-library/editor-elements.css 75 B
build/block-library/editor-rtl.css 10.9 kB
build/block-library/editor.css 10.9 kB
build/block-library/elements-rtl.css 54 B
build/block-library/elements.css 54 B
build/block-library/index.min.js 188 kB
build/block-library/reset-rtl.css 478 B
build/block-library/reset.css 478 B
build/block-library/style-rtl.css 11.9 kB
build/block-library/style.css 11.9 kB
build/block-library/theme-rtl.css 695 B
build/block-library/theme.css 700 B
build/block-serialization-spec-parser/index.min.js 2.83 kB
build/blocks/index.min.js 49.6 kB
build/components/index.min.js 197 kB
build/components/style-rtl.css 11.5 kB
build/components/style.css 11.6 kB
build/compose/index.min.js 12 kB
build/core-data/index.min.js 15.5 kB
build/customize-widgets/index.min.js 11.3 kB
build/customize-widgets/style-rtl.css 1.38 kB
build/customize-widgets/style.css 1.38 kB
build/data-controls/index.min.js 653 B
build/data/index.min.js 8.05 kB
build/date/index.min.js 32 kB
build/deprecated/index.min.js 507 B
build/dom-ready/index.min.js 324 B
build/dom/index.min.js 4.69 kB
build/edit-navigation/index.min.js 16 kB
build/edit-navigation/style-rtl.css 4 kB
build/edit-navigation/style.css 4.01 kB
build/edit-post/classic-rtl.css 546 B
build/edit-post/classic.css 547 B
build/edit-post/index.min.js 30.5 kB
build/edit-post/style-rtl.css 6.94 kB
build/edit-post/style.css 6.94 kB
build/edit-site/index.min.js 57.8 kB
build/edit-site/style-rtl.css 8.22 kB
build/edit-site/style.css 8.2 kB
build/edit-widgets/index.min.js 16.5 kB
build/edit-widgets/style-rtl.css 4.35 kB
build/edit-widgets/style.css 4.35 kB
build/editor/index.min.js 41.5 kB
build/editor/style-rtl.css 3.66 kB
build/editor/style.css 3.65 kB
build/element/index.min.js 4.68 kB
build/escape-html/index.min.js 537 B
build/format-library/index.min.js 6.75 kB
build/format-library/style-rtl.css 571 B
build/format-library/style.css 571 B
build/hooks/index.min.js 1.64 kB
build/html-entities/index.min.js 448 B
build/i18n/index.min.js 3.77 kB
build/is-shallow-equal/index.min.js 527 B
build/keyboard-shortcuts/index.min.js 1.78 kB
build/keycodes/index.min.js 1.81 kB
build/list-reusable-blocks/index.min.js 1.74 kB
build/list-reusable-blocks/style-rtl.css 835 B
build/list-reusable-blocks/style.css 835 B
build/media-utils/index.min.js 2.93 kB
build/notices/index.min.js 953 B
build/nux/index.min.js 2.05 kB
build/nux/style-rtl.css 732 B
build/nux/style.css 728 B
build/plugins/index.min.js 1.94 kB
build/preferences-persistence/index.min.js 2.22 kB
build/preferences/index.min.js 1.3 kB
build/primitives/index.min.js 933 B
build/priority-queue/index.min.js 612 B
build/react-i18n/index.min.js 696 B
build/react-refresh-entry/index.min.js 8.44 kB
build/react-refresh-runtime/index.min.js 7.31 kB
build/redux-routine/index.min.js 2.74 kB
build/reusable-blocks/index.min.js 2.21 kB
build/reusable-blocks/style-rtl.css 256 B
build/reusable-blocks/style.css 256 B
build/rich-text/index.min.js 10.4 kB
build/server-side-render/index.min.js 1.61 kB
build/shortcode/index.min.js 1.53 kB
build/token-list/index.min.js 644 B
build/url/index.min.js 3.61 kB
build/vendors/react-dom.min.js 38.5 kB
build/vendors/react.min.js 4.34 kB
build/viewport/index.min.js 1.08 kB
build/warning/index.min.js 268 B
build/widgets/index.min.js 7.2 kB
build/widgets/style-rtl.css 1.18 kB
build/widgets/style.css 1.19 kB
build/wordcount/index.min.js 1.06 kB

compressed-size-action

@gziolo gziolo force-pushed the update/block-parser-ts branch from 9ddd499 to 31033aa Compare August 30, 2022 19:23
Copy link
Contributor

@adamziel adamziel left a comment

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Nice!

const next = nextToken();
if ( next === null ) {
Copy link
Member Author

@gziolo gziolo Aug 31, 2022

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

This refactoring was driven by TypeScript that wasn't quite happy about the token being an array with 1 item or 5 items. It turns out that when using null instead the array with 1 string item, the behavior remains the same, and we can bail out earlier to avoid other operations that aren't necessary for this case anyway.

Copy link
Member

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

did you look at using [TokenType, string?, Attributes?, number?, number?]?

the refactor looks fine but I'd rather we return 'no-more-tokens' than null because of the self-documenting nature of the string value.

Copy link
Member Author

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Yes, that was my initial try, but TS was complaining about the number of items in the array returned: 1 instead of 5. Maybe return [ 'no-more-tokens', , , , ]; would work then?

Copy link
Member Author

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

I opened #44459 to address it.

@gziolo gziolo merged commit a737907 into trunk Aug 31, 2022
@gziolo gziolo deleted the update/block-parser-ts branch August 31, 2022 10:49
@gziolo gziolo added the [Feature] Parsing Related to efforts to improving the parsing of a string of data and converting it into a different f label Aug 31, 2022
@github-actions github-actions bot added this to the Gutenberg 14.1 milestone Aug 31, 2022
Copy link
Member

@dmsnell dmsnell left a comment

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Thanks for adding type definitions here @gziolo

A couple broad questions:

  • Did we consider creating a types.d.ts file instead for the public API to avoid having to litter the JSDoc comments throughout the code? That is, maintain full internal type unity vs. document the public API?
  • If we are going to fully-type the code, and the code is fairly straight-forward, why not go ahead and write it with full TypeScript support and avoid the more awkward JSDoc comments?

const next = nextToken();
if ( next === null ) {
Copy link
Member

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

did you look at using [TokenType, string?, Attributes?, number?, number?]?

the refactor looks fine but I'd rather we return 'no-more-tokens' than null because of the self-documenting nature of the string value.

@gziolo
Copy link
Member Author

gziolo commented Sep 12, 2022

Did we consider creating a types.d.ts file instead for the public API to avoid having to litter the JSDoc comments throughout the code? That is, maintain full internal type unity vs. document the public API?

That seems like an improvement to what we have now.

If we are going to fully-type the code, and the code is fairly straight-forward, why not go ahead and write it with full TypeScript support and avoid the more awkward JSDoc comments?

However, that would be my preferred approach. My initial idea was just to get it to work, and JSDoc approach seemed like the most straightforward path forward for both the reviewers (smaller diff) and me.

Sign up for free to join this conversation on GitHub. Already have an account? Sign in to comment
Labels
Developer Experience Ideas about improving block and theme developer experience [Feature] Parsing Related to efforts to improving the parsing of a string of data and converting it into a different f npm Packages Related to npm packages [Type] Code Quality Issues or PRs that relate to code quality
Projects
None yet
Development

Successfully merging this pull request may close these issues.

3 participants