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--- | ||
draft: false | ||
date: 2023-05-03 | ||
categories: | ||
- Release | ||
title: "Textual 0.23.0 improves message handling" | ||
authors: | ||
- willmcgugan | ||
--- | ||
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# Textual 0.23.0 improves message handling | ||
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It's been a busy couple of weeks at Textualize. | ||
We've been building apps with [Textual](https://github.com/Textualize/textual), as part of our *dog-fooding* week. | ||
The first app, [Frogmouth](https://github.com/Textualize/frogmouth), was released at the weekend and already has 1K GitHub stars! | ||
Expect two more such apps this month. | ||
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<!-- more --> | ||
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<div> | ||
--8<-- "docs/blog/images/frogmouth.svg" | ||
</div> | ||
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!!! tip | ||
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Join our [mailing list](http://eepurl.com/hL0BF1) if you would like to be the first to hear about our apps. | ||
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We haven't stopped developing Textual in that time. | ||
Today we released version 0.23.0 which has a really interesting API update I'd like to introduce. | ||
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Textual *widgets* can send messages to each other. | ||
To respond to those messages, you implement a message handler with a naming convention. | ||
For instance, the [Button](/widget_gallery/#button) widget sends a `Pressed` event. | ||
To handle that event, you implement a method called `on_button_pressed`. | ||
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Simple enough, but handler methods are called to handle pressed events from *all* Buttons. | ||
To manage multiple buttons you typically had to write a large `if` statement to wire up each button to the code it should run. | ||
It didn't take many Buttons before the handler became hard to follow. | ||
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## On decorator | ||
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Version 0.23.0 introduces the [`@on`](/guide/events/#on-decorator) decorator which allows you to dispatch events based on the widget that initiated them. | ||
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This is probably best explained in code. | ||
The following two listings respond to buttons being pressed. | ||
The first uses a single message handler, the second uses the decorator approach: | ||
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=== "on_decorator01.py" | ||
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```python title="on_decorator01.py" | ||
--8<-- "docs/examples/events/on_decorator01.py" | ||
``` | ||
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1. The message handler is called when any button is pressed | ||
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=== "on_decorator02.py" | ||
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```python title="on_decorator02.py" | ||
--8<-- "docs/examples/events/on_decorator02.py" | ||
``` | ||
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1. Matches the button with an id of "bell" (note the `#` to match the id) | ||
2. Matches the button with class names "toggle" *and* "dark" | ||
3. Matches the button with an id of "quit" | ||
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=== "Output" | ||
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```{.textual path="docs/examples/events/on_decorator01.py"} | ||
``` | ||
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The decorator dispatches events based on a CSS selector. | ||
This means that you could have a handler per button, or a handler for buttons with a shared class, or parent. | ||
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We think this is a very flexible mechanism that will help keep code readable and maintainable. | ||
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## Why didn't we do this earlier? | ||
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It's a reasonable question to ask: why didn't we implement this in an earlier version? | ||
We were certainly aware there was a deficiency in the API. | ||
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The truth is simply that we didn't have an elegant solution in mind until recently. | ||
The `@on` decorator is, I believe, an elegant and powerful mechanism for dispatching handlers. | ||
It might seem obvious in hindsight, but it took many iterations and brainstorming in the office to come up with it! | ||
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## Join us | ||
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If you want to talk about this update or anything else Textual related, join us on our [Discord server](https://discord.gg/Enf6Z3qhVr). |
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[tool.poetry] | ||
name = "textual" | ||
version = "0.22.3" | ||
version = "0.23.0" | ||
homepage = "https://github.com/Textualize/textual" | ||
description = "Modern Text User Interface framework" | ||
authors = ["Will McGugan <[email protected]>"] | ||
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