ReX  

Typesetting Mathematics

This is a fork of ReX, a Rust mathematical typesetting engine.

Why the fork?

This fork of ReX is designed to allow users to use their preferred rendering engine and font parser. I also plan on continue making bug fixes and improvements (use Issues tab to request features and report bugs)

Rendering engine supported:

• FemtoVG : feature femtovg-renderer
• Cairo : feature cairo-renderer
• Raqote : feature raqote-renderer
• Pathfinder : feature pathfinder-renderer

Font parser supported:

• ttfparser : feature ttfparser-fontparser
• font : feature font-fontparser

You may add support for other font parser by implementing the MathFont trait and other rendering engines by implementing Backend<F> where F is a MathFont type.

Features / TODO list

• Font change (\mathbf, \mathrm, \mathfrak, etc.)
• Fractions
• Delimiters and extensible symbols \left\lbrace x \middle| x = 0 \right\rbrace
• Arrays, matrices
• Sub- and super-scripts
• Text fragment \text{...}
• Custom macros
• Misc. font effects: \boldsymbol and \underline

Samples

The Quadratic Formula

x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}

Double angle formula for Sine

\sin(\theta + \phi) = \sin(\theta)\cos(\phi) + \sin(\phi)\cos(\theta)

Divergence Theorem

\int_D (\nabla \cdot F)\,\mathrm{d}V = \int_{\partial D} F \cdot n\,\mathrm{d}S

Standard Deviation

\sigma = \sqrt{ \frac{1}{N} \sum_{i=1}^N (x_i - \mu)^2 }

Fourier Inverse

f(x) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \hat f(\xi) e^{2\pi i \xi x}\,\mathrm{d}\xi

Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality

\left\vert \sum_k a_kb_k \right\vert \leq \left(\sum_k a_k^2\right)^{\frac12}\left(\sum_k b_k^2\right)^{\frac12}

Exponent

e = \lim_{n \to \infty} \left(1 + \frac{1}{n}\right)^n

Ramanujan's Identity

\frac{1}{\pi} = \frac{2\sqrt{2}}{9801} \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac{ (4k)! (1103+26390k) }{ (k!)^4 396^{4k} }

A surprising identity

\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{\sin(x)}{x}\,\mathrm{d}x = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{\sin^2(x)}{x^2}\,\mathrm{d}x

Another gem from Ramanujan

\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{\phi\sqrt5} - \phi\right) e^{\frac{2}{5}\pi}} = 1 + \frac{e^{-2\pi}}{1 + \frac{e^{-4\pi}}{1 + \frac{e^{-6\pi}}{1 + \frac{e^{-8\pi}}{1 + \cdots}}}}

Another gem from Cauchy

f^{(n)}(z) = \frac{n!}{2\pi i} \oint \frac{f(\xi)}{(\xi - z)^{n+1}}\,\mathrm{d}\xi

An unneccesary number of scripts

x^{x^{x^x_x}_{x^x_x}}_{x^{x^x_x}_{x^x_x}}

Quartic Function

\mathop{\overbrace{c_4x^4 + c_3x^3 + c_2x^2 + c_1x + c_0}}\limits^{\gray{\mathrm{Quartic}}}

Another fun identity

3^3 + 4^4 + 3^3 + 5^5 = 3435

Usage

As an executable

You can see a simple example of use in examples/svg_basic.rs. To run this example, run the following in the root of the repository.

cargo r --example svg-basic --features="cairo-renderer ttfparser-fontparser" -- "\oint \mathbf{E}\cdot \mathrm{d}\mathbf{A} = \frac{Q_{enc}}{\epsilon_0}"

The program will render the formula and output to test.svg.

You can see the same result in a GUI with:

cargo r --example gui-basic --features="femtovg-renderer ttfparser-fontparser" -- "\oint \mathbf{E}\cdot \mathrm{d}\mathbf{A} = \frac{Q_{enc}}{\epsilon_0}"

As a library

The crate is primarily intended as a library. To use it as such, first add the following line to [dependencies] section of Cargo.toml:

rex = {git = "https://github.com/KenyC/ReX", features = ["ttfparser-fontparser", "cairo-renderer"]} # replace with whichever features you may need

The simple way

To render, you need to pick:

1. A font parser that can load a math font: anything that implements FontBackend
2. A graphics backend that can draw shapes to some surface: anything that implements GraphicsBackend<F>

For instance, using the ttf_parser crate as our font parser and the cairo crate as our renderer:

// create font backend
let font_file = std::fs::read("font.otf").expect("Couldn't load font");
let font = ttf_parser::Face::parse(file, 0).expect("Couldn't parse font.");
let math_font = TtfMathFont::new(font).expect("The font likely lacks a MATH table"); // extracts math info from font
let font_context = FontContext::new(math_font);


// create graphics backend
let svg_surface = cairo::SvgSurface::new(800, 600, Some("out.svg")).expect("Couldn't create SVG surface");
let context = cairo::Context::new(&svg_surface).expect("Couldn't get context for SVG surface");
// The (0, 0) point is the baseline of the first glyph we move it to a reasonable place
context.translate(0., 300.);
let mut backend = CairoBackend::new(context);


rex::render(
  r"e = \lim_{n \to \infty} \left(1 + \frac{1}{n}\right)^n", 
  &mut backend,
  &font_context,
).expect("Error in rendering");

More control

The process of rendering of formula in code is as follows:

• Create a FontContext struct from your font (the font provided by the font parser, e.g. ttfparser).
• Parse the formula into ParseNode, using rex::parser::engine::parse.
• Create a LayoutSettings struct from this font context, specifying font size.
• Create a Layout from ParseNode using rex::layout::engine::layout.
• Create a Renderer.
• Create the relevant renderer backend (e.g. CairoBackend::new for cairo).
• Call Renderer::render with the layout and the backend as arguments.

License

Fork

Any modifications made in this fork is distributed under the MIT license. See LICENSE for details.

Original

The original ReX is primarily distributed under the terms of both the MIT license and the Apache License (Version 2.0), with portions covered by various BSD-like licenses.

Note (Keny C): The license files were not provided in the original repository. The problem was raised here. Given lack of reply, I'm not sure which parts of the original code were licensed by what.