"Within-Year Types"

[lilyclements]

As discussed in #3818 - we could have a climatic type of "within-year". This would be useful in places, such as climatic summaries for the within-year radio button.
In here, we would have variables such as:

• month
• week
• weekday value
• pentad
• dekade
• day? and doy?
• shift_year?

Are there others that I'm missing?

Some of these don't have a "climatic_type" name in the metadata.