docs: add type conversions page (#5708)

This PR adds a Type Conversions page to make it easier for developers to
quickly find a solution to converting a type.

docs/book/src/SUMMARY.md

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
   - [Built-in Types](./basics/built_in_types.md)
   - [Commonly Used Library Types](./basics/commonly_used_library_types.md)
   - [Blockchain Types](./basics/blockchain_types.md)
+  - [Converting Types](./basics/converting_types.md)
   - [Functions](./basics/functions.md)
   - [Structs, Tuples, and Enums](./basics/structs_tuples_and_enums.md)
   - [Methods and Associated Functions](./basics/methods_and_associated_functions.md)

docs/book/src/basics/converting_types.md

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+# Converting Types
+
+Below are some common type conversions in Sway:
+
+- [Identity Conversions](#identity-conversions)
+- [String Conversions](#string-conversions)
+- [Number Conversions](#number-conversions)
+- [Byte Array Conversions](#byte-array-conversions)
+
+## Identity Conversions
+
+### Convert to `Identity`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/identity.sw:convert_to_identity}}
+```
+
+### Convert `Identity` to `ContractId` or `Address`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/identity.sw:convert_from_identity}}
+```
+
+### Convert `ContractId` or `Address` to `b256`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/identity.sw:convert_to_b256}}
+```
+
+### Convert `b256` to `ContractId` or `Address`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/identity.sw:convert_b256_to_address_or_contract_id}}
+```
+
+## String Conversions
+
+### Convert `str` to `str[]`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/strings.sw:strings_import}}
+```
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/strings.sw:str_to_str_array}}
+```
+
+### Convert `str[]` to `str`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/strings.sw:str_array_to_str}}
+```
+
+## Number Conversions
+
+### Convert to `u256`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/to_u256.sw:to_u256}}
+```
+
+### Convert to `u64`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/to_u64.sw:to_u64_import}}
+```
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/to_u64.sw:to_u64}}
+```
+
+### Convert to `u32`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/to_u32.sw:to_u32_import}}
+```
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/to_u32.sw:to_u32}}
+```
+
+### Convert to `u16`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/to_u16.sw:to_u16_import}}
+```
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/to_u16.sw:to_u16}}
+```
+
+### Convert to `u8`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/to_u8.sw:to_u8_import}}
+```
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/to_u8.sw:to_u8}}
+```
+
+### Convert to `Bytes`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/bytes.sw:to_bytes_import}}
+```
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/bytes.sw:to_bytes}}
+```
+
+### Convert from `Bytes`
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/bytes.sw:to_bytes_import}}
+```
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/bytes.sw:from_bytes}}
+```
+
+## Byte Array Conversions
+
+### Convert to a Byte Array
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/byte_arrays.sw:to_byte_array_import}}
+```
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/byte_arrays.sw:to_byte_array}}
+```
+
+### Convert from a Byte Array
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/byte_arrays.sw:to_byte_array_import}}
+```
+
+```sway
+{{#include ../../../../examples/converting_types/src/byte_arrays.sw:from_byte_array}}
+```

examples/Forc.lock

@@ -5,35 +5,44 @@ source = "member"
 [[package]]
 name = "array"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "asm_return_tuple_pointer"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "break_and_continue"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["core"]
+dependencies = ["core path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cei_analysis"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "configurable_constants"
 source = "member"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "converting_types"
+source = "member"
+dependencies = ["std git+https://github.com/fuellabs/sway?tag=v0.51.1#d1e8f019c1da46273c3d3a72b385ce356ba2bc20"]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "core"
 source = "path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "core"
+source = "path+from-root-4F1FAAE4510FEB23"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "counter"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "enums"
@@ -42,92 +51,97 @@ source = "member"
 [[package]]
 name = "fizzbuzz"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hashing"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "identity"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "liquidity_pool"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "match_expressions"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "methods_and_associated_functions"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "msg_sender"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mut_ref_params"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "native_asset"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "option"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ownership"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "result"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "signatures"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "std"
+source = "git+https://github.com/fuellabs/sway?tag=v0.51.1#d1e8f019c1da46273c3d3a72b385ce356ba2bc20"
+dependencies = ["core path+from-root-4F1FAAE4510FEB23"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "std"
 source = "path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"
-dependencies = ["core"]
+dependencies = ["core path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "storage_example"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "storage_map"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "storage_variables"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "storage_vec"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "structs"
@@ -140,30 +154,30 @@ source = "member"
 [[package]]
 name = "type_aliases"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vec"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wallet_abi"
 source = "member"
-dependencies = ["std"]
+dependencies = ["std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wallet_contract_caller_script"
 source = "member"
 dependencies = [
-    "std",
+    "std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03",
     "wallet_abi",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wallet_smart_contract"
 source = "member"
 dependencies = [
-    "std",
+    "std path+from-root-087D5D776F294F03",
     "wallet_abi",
 ]

examples/Forc.toml

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ members = [
   "break_and_continue",
   "cei_analysis",
   "configurable_constants",
+  "converting_types",
   "counter",
   "enums",
   "fizzbuzz",

examples/converting_types/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+out
+target

examples/converting_types/Forc.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[project]
+authors = ["Fuel Labs <[email protected]>"]
+entry = "main.sw"
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+name = "converting_types"
+
+[dependencies]