fix array and resolve merge conflicts

cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/primitives/bool/bool.test.cpp

@@ -391,6 +391,8 @@ TEST(stdlib_bool, must_imply)
     EXPECT_EQ(result, true);
 }
 
+// TODO: must_imply failure case
+
 TEST(stdlib_bool, must_imply_multiple)
 {
     honk::StandardHonkComposer composer = honk::StandardHonkComposer();

cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/primitives/field/array.hpp

@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ template <typename Composer, size_t SIZE> field_t<Composer> array_length(std::ar
     field_t<Composer> length = 0;
     bool_t<Composer> hit_zero = false;
     for (const auto& e : arr) {
-        hit_zero |= e == 0;
+        bool_t<Composer> is_zero = e.is_zero();
+        hit_zero.must_imply(is_zero, "Once we've hit the first zero, there must only be zeros thereafter!");
+        hit_zero |= is_zero;
         const field_t<Composer> increment = !hit_zero;
         length += increment;
     }
@@ -132,44 +134,44 @@ template <typename Composer, size_t size_1, size_t size_2>
 void push_array_to_array(std::array<field_t<Composer>, size_1> const& source,
                          std::array<field_t<Composer>, size_2>& target)
 {
-    ASSERT(target.size() >= source.size());
-    field_t<Composer> source_length = array_length<Composer>(source);
     field_t<Composer> target_length = array_length<Composer>(target);
+    const field_t<Composer> overflow_capacity = target.max_size() + 1;
+
+    field_t<Composer> j_ct = 0; // circuit-type index for the inner loop
+    // Find the first empty slot in the target:
+    field_t<Composer> next_target_index = target_length;
+
+    bool_t<Composer> hit_s_zero = false;
+    bool_t<Composer> not_hit_s_zero = true;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < source.max_size(); ++i) {
+        // Loop over each source value we want to push:
+        auto& s = source[i];
+        {
+            auto is_s_zero = s.is_zero();
+            hit_s_zero.must_imply(is_s_zero,
+                                  "Once we've hit the first source zero, there must only be zeros thereafter!");
+            hit_s_zero |= is_s_zero;
+            not_hit_s_zero = !hit_s_zero;
+        }
 
-    // Check if the `source` array is too large vs the remaining capacity of the `target` array
-    auto source_length_safe = safe_uint_t<Composer>(source_length, sizeof(size_t) * 8, "source_array_len");
-    auto target_length_safe = safe_uint_t<Composer>(target_length, sizeof(size_t) * 8, "target_array_len");
-    auto target_capacity_safe =
-        safe_uint_t<Composer>(field_t<Composer>(target.size()), sizeof(size_t) * 8, "target_array_capacity");
-    target_capacity_safe.subtract((source_length_safe + target_length_safe),
-                                  sizeof(size_t) * 8,
-                                  "push_array_to_array target array capacity exceeded");
-
-    // Ensure that all the elements after the first zero-element in target are zero
-    field_t<Composer> num_non_zero_in_target = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < size_2; i++) {
-        num_non_zero_in_target += !target[i].is_zero();
-    }
-    num_non_zero_in_target.assert_equal(target_length_safe, "non-zero element in target array after a zero element");
+        // Triangular loop:
+        for (size_t j = i; j < target.max_size(); ++j) {
+            auto& t = target[j];
 
-    // Ensure that all the elements after the first zero-element in source are zero
-    field_t<Composer> num_non_zero_in_source = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < size_1; i++) {
-        num_non_zero_in_source += !source[i].is_zero();
-    }
-    num_non_zero_in_source.assert_equal(source_length_safe, "non-zero element in source array after a zero element");
-
-    // Finally, insert only non-zero elements from source into target
-    bool_t<Composer> composer_error_found = !source_length.get_context()->err().empty();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < source.size(); i++) {
-        bool_t<Composer> found = false;
-
-        for (size_t j = i; j < target.size(); j++) {
-            bool_t<Composer> is_target_non_zero = !target[j].is_zero();
-            target[j] = field_t<Composer>::conditional_assign(
-                is_target_non_zero, target[j], source[i] * !found * !composer_error_found);
-            found |= !is_target_non_zero;
+            // Check whether we've reached the next target index at which we can push `s`:
+            bool_t<Composer> at_next_target_index = j_ct == next_target_index;
+
+            t = field_t<Composer>::conditional_assign(at_next_target_index && not_hit_s_zero, s, t);
+
+            j_ct++;
         }
+
+        next_target_index += not_hit_s_zero;
+
+        next_target_index.assert_not_equal(overflow_capacity, "push_array_to_array target array capacity exceeded");
+
+        j_ct = i + 1;
     }
 }