Patch STM32F4 HAL to fix F412CG USART3 issue

[boraozgen]

Summary of changes

Fixes the bug in STM32F4 HAL where the HAL won't link for STM32F412CG targets due to a contradiction between CMSIS and HAL. The issue is described in STMicroelectronics/STM32CubeF4#42 and @jeromecoutant offered to patch this here.

Impact of changes

Migration actions required

Documentation

None

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Pull request type

[X] Patch update (Bug fix / Target update / Docs update / Test update / Refactor)
[] Feature update (New feature / Functionality change / New API)
[] Major update (Breaking change E.g. Return code change / API behaviour change)

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Test results

[X] No Tests required for this change (E.g docs only update)
[] Covered by existing mbed-os tests (Greentea or Unittest)
[] Tests / results supplied as part of this PR

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Reviewers

@jeromecoutant

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[0xc0170]

CI started

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jenkins-ci/mbed-os-ci_build-ARM	✔️
jenkins-ci/mbed-os-ci_build-GCC_ARM	✔️
jenkins-ci/mbed-os-ci_greentea-test	✔️
jenkins-ci/mbed-os-ci_dynamic-memory-usage	✔️
jenkins-ci/mbed-os-ci_cloud-client-pytest	✔️
jenkins-ci/mbed-os-ci_wisun-mesh-test	✔️