Add type annotations to all methods

[t1m0thyj]

Python supports type hints in a similar format to TypeScript:
def func(arg: arg_type, optarg: arg_type = default) -> return_type:

They are not used at runtime but can be validated with tools like MyPy which have VS Code integration.

See here for more details: https://realpython.com/python-type-checking/

Support for type annotations was added in Python 3.0 but has been enhanced in minor releases. If we want to take advantage of recent enhancements while continuing to support old versions of Python, we could investigate stripping out type annotations at publish time, but only if they have no value (we should keep them if they behave like .d.ts files) - thanks @zFernand0 for this idea 🙂

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[t1m0thyj]

We may be able to partially automate this process with MonkeyType