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comments difficulty edit_url rating source tags
true
中等
1781
第 303 场周赛 Q3
设计
哈希表
有序集合
堆(优先队列)

English Version

题目描述

设计一个支持下述操作的食物评分系统:

  • 修改 系统中列出的某种食物的评分。
  • 返回系统中某一类烹饪方式下评分最高的食物。

实现 FoodRatings 类:

  • FoodRatings(String[] foods, String[] cuisines, int[] ratings) 初始化系统。食物由 foodscuisinesratings 描述,长度均为 n
    <ul>
    	<li><code>foods[i]</code> 是第 <code>i</code> 种食物的名字。</li>
    	<li><code>cuisines[i]</code> 是第 <code>i</code> 种食物的烹饪方式。</li>
    	<li><code>ratings[i]</code> 是第 <code>i</code> 种食物的最初评分。</li>
    </ul>
    </li>
    <li><code>void changeRating(String food, int newRating)</code> 修改名字为 <code>food</code> 的食物的评分。</li>
    <li><code>String highestRated(String cuisine)</code> 返回指定烹饪方式 <code>cuisine</code> 下评分最高的食物的名字。如果存在并列,返回 <strong>字典序较小</strong> 的名字。</li>
    

注意,字符串 x 的字典序比字符串 y 更小的前提是:x 在字典中出现的位置在 y 之前,也就是说,要么 xy 的前缀,或者在满足 x[i] != y[i] 的第一个位置 i 处,x[i] 在字母表中出现的位置在 y[i] 之前。

 

示例:

输入
["FoodRatings", "highestRated", "highestRated", "changeRating", "highestRated", "changeRating", "highestRated"]
[[["kimchi", "miso", "sushi", "moussaka", "ramen", "bulgogi"], ["korean", "japanese", "japanese", "greek", "japanese", "korean"], [9, 12, 8, 15, 14, 7]], ["korean"], ["japanese"], ["sushi", 16], ["japanese"], ["ramen", 16], ["japanese"]]
输出
[null, "kimchi", "ramen", null, "sushi", null, "ramen"]

解释
FoodRatings foodRatings = new FoodRatings(["kimchi", "miso", "sushi", "moussaka", "ramen", "bulgogi"], ["korean", "japanese", "japanese", "greek", "japanese", "korean"], [9, 12, 8, 15, 14, 7]);
foodRatings.highestRated("korean"); // 返回 "kimchi"
                                    // "kimchi" 是分数最高的韩式料理,评分为 9 。
foodRatings.highestRated("japanese"); // 返回 "ramen"
                                      // "ramen" 是分数最高的日式料理,评分为 14 。
foodRatings.changeRating("sushi", 16); // "sushi" 现在评分变更为 16 。
foodRatings.highestRated("japanese"); // 返回 "sushi"
                                      // "sushi" 是分数最高的日式料理,评分为 16 。
foodRatings.changeRating("ramen", 16); // "ramen" 现在评分变更为 16 。
foodRatings.highestRated("japanese"); // 返回 "ramen"
                                      // "sushi" 和 "ramen" 的评分都是 16 。
                                      // 但是,"ramen" 的字典序比 "sushi" 更小。

 

提示:

  • 1 <= n <= 2 * 104
  • n == foods.length == cuisines.length == ratings.length
  • 1 <= foods[i].length, cuisines[i].length <= 10
  • foods[i]cuisines[i] 由小写英文字母组成
  • 1 <= ratings[i] <= 108
  • foods 中的所有字符串 互不相同
  • 在对 changeRating 的所有调用中,food 是系统中食物的名字。
  • 在对 highestRated 的所有调用中,cuisine 是系统中 至少一种 食物的烹饪方式。
  • 最多调用 changeRatinghighestRated 总计 2 * 104

解法

方法一

Python3

from sortedcontainers import SortedSet


class FoodRatings:
    def __init__(self, foods: List[str], cuisines: List[str], ratings: List[int]):
        self.mp = {}
        self.t = defaultdict(lambda: SortedSet(key=lambda x: (-x[0], x[1])))

        for a, b, c in zip(foods, cuisines, ratings):
            self.mp[a] = (b, c)
            self.t[b].add((c, a))

    def changeRating(self, food: str, newRating: int) -> None:
        b, c = self.mp[food]
        self.mp[food] = (b, newRating)
        self.t[b].remove((c, food))
        self.t[b].add((newRating, food))

    def highestRated(self, cuisine: str) -> str:
        return self.t[cuisine][0][1]


# Your FoodRatings object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = FoodRatings(foods, cuisines, ratings)
# obj.changeRating(food,newRating)
# param_2 = obj.highestRated(cuisine)

C++

using pis = pair<int, string>;

class FoodRatings {
    map<string, pis> mp;
    map<string, set<pis>> t;

public:
    FoodRatings(vector<string>& foods, vector<string>& cuisines, vector<int>& ratings) {
        int n = foods.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            string a = foods[i], b = cuisines[i];
            int c = ratings[i];
            mp[a] = pis(c, b);
            t[b].insert(pis(-c, a));
        }
    }

    void changeRating(string food, int newRating) {
        pis& p = mp[food];
        t[p.second].erase(pis(-p.first, food));
        p.first = newRating;
        t[p.second].insert(pis(-p.first, food));
    }

    string highestRated(string cuisine) {
        return t[cuisine].begin()->second;
    }
};

/**
 * Your FoodRatings object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * FoodRatings* obj = new FoodRatings(foods, cuisines, ratings);
 * obj->changeRating(food,newRating);
 * string param_2 = obj->highestRated(cuisine);
 */