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中等
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第 20 场双周赛 Q2
设计
数组
哈希表

English Version

题目描述

超市里正在举行打折活动,每隔 n 个顾客会得到 discount 的折扣。

超市里有一些商品,第 i 种商品为 products[i] 且每件单品的价格为 prices[i] 。

结账系统会统计顾客的数目,每隔 n 个顾客结账时,该顾客的账单都会打折,折扣为 discount (也就是如果原本账单为 x ,那么实际金额会变成 x - (discount * x) / 100 ),然后系统会重新开始计数。

顾客会购买一些商品, product[i] 是顾客购买的第 i 种商品, amount[i] 是对应的购买该种商品的数目。

请你实现 Cashier 类:

  • Cashier(int n, int discount, int[] products, int[] prices) 初始化实例对象,参数分别为打折频率 n ,折扣大小 discount ,超市里的商品列表 products 和它们的价格 prices 。
  • double getBill(int[] product, int[] amount) 返回账单的实际金额(如果有打折,请返回打折后的结果)。返回结果与标准答案误差在 10^-5 以内都视为正确结果。

 

示例 1:

输入
["Cashier","getBill","getBill","getBill","getBill","getBill","getBill","getBill"]
[[3,50,[1,2,3,4,5,6,7],[100,200,300,400,300,200,100]],[[1,2],[1,2]],[[3,7],[10,10]],[[1,2,3,4,5,6,7],[1,1,1,1,1,1,1]],[[4],[10]],[[7,3],[10,10]],[[7,5,3,1,6,4,2],[10,10,10,9,9,9,7]],[[2,3,5],[5,3,2]]]
输出
[null,500.0,4000.0,800.0,4000.0,4000.0,7350.0,2500.0]
解释
Cashier cashier = new Cashier(3,50,[1,2,3,4,5,6,7],[100,200,300,400,300,200,100]);
cashier.getBill([1,2],[1,2]);                        // 返回 500.0, 账单金额为 = 1 * 100 + 2 * 200 = 500.
cashier.getBill([3,7],[10,10]);                      // 返回 4000.0
cashier.getBill([1,2,3,4,5,6,7],[1,1,1,1,1,1,1]);    // 返回 800.0 ,账单原本为 1600.0 ,但由于该顾客是第三位顾客,他将得到 50% 的折扣,所以实际金额为 1600 - 1600 * (50 / 100) = 800 。
cashier.getBill([4],[10]);                           // 返回 4000.0
cashier.getBill([7,3],[10,10]);                      // 返回 4000.0
cashier.getBill([7,5,3,1,6,4,2],[10,10,10,9,9,9,7]); // 返回 7350.0 ,账单原本为 14700.0 ,但由于系统计数再次达到三,该顾客将得到 50% 的折扣,实际金额为 7350.0 。
cashier.getBill([2,3,5],[5,3,2]);                    // 返回 2500.0

 

提示:

  • 1 <= n <= 10^4
  • 0 <= discount <= 100
  • 1 <= products.length <= 200
  • 1 <= products[i] <= 200
  • products 列表中 不会 有重复的元素。
  • prices.length == products.length
  • 1 <= prices[i] <= 1000
  • 1 <= product.length <= products.length
  • product[i] 在 products 出现过。
  • amount.length == product.length
  • 1 <= amount[i] <= 1000
  • 最多有 1000 次对 getBill 函数的调用。
  • 返回结果与标准答案误差在 10^-5 以内都视为正确结果。

解法

方法一:哈希表 + 模拟

用哈希表 $d$ 存储商品编号和价格,然后遍历商品编号和数量,计算总价,再根据折扣计算折扣后的价格。

初始化的时间复杂度为 $O(n)$,其中 $n$ 为商品的数量。getBill 函数的时间复杂度为 $O(m)$,其中 $m$ 为购买商品的数量。空间复杂度为 $O(n)$

Python3

class Cashier:
    def __init__(self, n: int, discount: int, products: List[int], prices: List[int]):
        self.i = 0
        self.n = n
        self.discount = discount
        self.d = {product: price for product, price in zip(products, prices)}

    def getBill(self, product: List[int], amount: List[int]) -> float:
        self.i += 1
        discount = self.discount if self.i % self.n == 0 else 0
        ans = 0
        for p, a in zip(product, amount):
            x = self.d[p] * a
            ans += x - (discount * x) / 100
        return ans


# Your Cashier object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = Cashier(n, discount, products, prices)
# param_1 = obj.getBill(product,amount)

Java

class Cashier {
    private int i;
    private int n;
    private int discount;
    private Map<Integer, Integer> d = new HashMap<>();

    public Cashier(int n, int discount, int[] products, int[] prices) {
        this.n = n;
        this.discount = discount;
        for (int j = 0; j < products.length; ++j) {
            d.put(products[j], prices[j]);
        }
    }

    public double getBill(int[] product, int[] amount) {
        int dis = (++i) % n == 0 ? discount : 0;
        double ans = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < product.length; ++j) {
            int p = product[j], a = amount[j];
            int x = d.get(p) * a;
            ans += x - (dis * x) / 100.0;
        }
        return ans;
    }
}

/**
 * Your Cashier object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * Cashier obj = new Cashier(n, discount, products, prices);
 * double param_1 = obj.getBill(product,amount);
 */

C++

class Cashier {
public:
    Cashier(int n, int discount, vector<int>& products, vector<int>& prices) {
        this->n = n;
        this->discount = discount;
        for (int j = 0; j < products.size(); ++j) {
            d[products[j]] = prices[j];
        }
    }

    double getBill(vector<int> product, vector<int> amount) {
        int dis = (++i) % n == 0 ? discount : 0;
        double ans = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < product.size(); ++j) {
            int x = d[product[j]] * amount[j];
            ans += x - (dis * x) / 100.0;
        }
        return ans;
    }

private:
    int i = 0;
    int n;
    int discount;
    unordered_map<int, int> d;
};

/**
 * Your Cashier object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * Cashier* obj = new Cashier(n, discount, products, prices);
 * double param_1 = obj->getBill(product,amount);
 */

Go

type Cashier struct {
	i        int
	n        int
	discount int
	d        map[int]int
}

func Constructor(n int, discount int, products []int, prices []int) Cashier {
	d := map[int]int{}
	for i, product := range products {
		d[product] = prices[i]
	}
	return Cashier{0, n, discount, d}
}

func (this *Cashier) GetBill(product []int, amount []int) (ans float64) {
	this.i++
	dis := 0
	if this.i%this.n == 0 {
		dis = this.discount
	}
	for j, p := range product {
		x := float64(this.d[p] * amount[j])
		ans += x - (float64(dis)*x)/100.0
	}
	return
}

/**
 * Your Cashier object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * obj := Constructor(n, discount, products, prices);
 * param_1 := obj.GetBill(product,amount);
 */