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中等
数据库

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题目描述

销售表 Sales

+-------------+-------+
| Column Name | Type  |
+-------------+-------+
| sale_id     | int   |
| product_id  | int   |
| year        | int   |
| quantity    | int   |
| price       | int   |
+-------------+-------+
(sale_id, year) 是这张表的主键(具有唯一值的列的组合)。
product_id 是产品表的外键(reference 列)。
这张表的每一行都表示:编号 product_id 的产品在某一年的销售额。
请注意,价格是按每单位计的。

 

产品表 Product

+--------------+---------+
| Column Name  | Type    |
+--------------+---------+
| product_id   | int     |
| product_name | varchar |
+--------------+---------+
product_id 是这张表的主键(具有唯一值的列)。
这张表的每一行都标识:每个产品的 id 和 产品名称。

 

编写解决方案,选出每个售出过的产品 第一年 销售的 产品 id年份数量 价格

结果表中的条目可以按 任意顺序 排列。

结果格式如下例所示:

 

示例 1:

输入:
Sales 表:
+---------+------------+------+----------+-------+
| sale_id | product_id | year | quantity | price |
+---------+------------+------+----------+-------+ 
| 1       | 100        | 2008 | 10       | 5000  |
| 2       | 100        | 2009 | 12       | 5000  |
| 7       | 200        | 2011 | 15       | 9000  |
+---------+------------+------+----------+-------+
Product 表:
+------------+--------------+
| product_id | product_name |
+------------+--------------+
| 100        | Nokia        |
| 200        | Apple        |
| 300        | Samsung      |
+------------+--------------+
输出:
+------------+------------+----------+-------+
| product_id | first_year | quantity | price |
+------------+------------+----------+-------+ 
| 100        | 2008       | 10       | 5000  |
| 200        | 2011       | 15       | 9000  |
+------------+------------+----------+-------+

解法

方法一

MySQL

# Write your MySQL query statement below
SELECT
    product_id,
    year AS first_year,
    quantity,
    price
FROM Sales
WHERE
    (product_id, year) IN (
        SELECT
            product_id,
            MIN(year) AS year
        FROM Sales
        GROUP BY product_id
    );

方法二

MySQL

# Write your MySQL query statement below
WITH
    T AS (
        SELECT
            *,
            RANK() OVER (
                PARTITION BY product_id
                ORDER BY year
            ) AS rk
        FROM Sales
    )
SELECT product_id, year AS first_year, quantity, price
FROM T
WHERE rk = 1;