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将完全不相关的 state 拆分为多组 state。 如果某些 state 是相互关联的,或者需要一起发生改变,就可以把它们合并为一组 state。 依赖数组依赖的值最好不要超过 3 个,否则会导致代码会难以维护。 如果发现依赖数组依赖的值过多,应该采取一些方法来减少它。 去掉不必要的依赖。 将 Hook 拆分为更小的单元,每个 Hook 依赖于各自的依赖数组。 通过合并相关的 state,将多个依赖值聚合为一个。 通过 setState 回调函数获取最新的 state,以减少外部依赖。 通过 ref 来读取可变变量的值,不过需要注意控制修改它的途径。 应该使用 useMemo 的场景: 保持引用相等 成本很高的计算 无需使用 useMemo 的场景: 如果返回的值是原始值: string, boolean, null, undefined, number, symbol(不包括动态声明的 Symbol),一般不需要使用 useMemo。 仅在组件内部用到的 object、array、函数等(没有作为 props 传递给子组件),且没有用到其他 Hook 的依赖数组中,一般不需要使用 useMemo。 Hooks、Render Props 和高阶组件都有各自的使用场景,具体使用哪一种要看实际情况。 若 Hook 类型相同,且依赖数组一致时,应该合并成一个 Hook。 自定义 Hooks 的返回值可以使用 Tuple 类型,更易于在外部重命名。如果返回的值过多,则不建议使用。 ref 不要直接暴露给外部使用,而是提供一个修改值的方法。 在使用 useMemo 或者 useCallback 时,可以借助 ref 或者 setState callback,确保返回的函数只创建一次。也就是说,函数不会根据依赖数组的变化而二次创建。
import { useState, useMemo, useEffect, useCallback } from "react"; export const useCount = () => { const [count, setCount] = useState(0); const [increase, decrease] = useMemo(() => { console.log("memo"); const increase = () => { console.log("click", count); setCount(count + 1); }; const decrease = () => { setCount(count - 1); }; return [increase, decrease]; }, [count]); return [count, increase, decrease]; }; export const useCountNew = () => { const [count, setCount] = useState(0); const [increase, decrease] = useMemo(() => { console.log("memo new"); const increase = (val: number) => { console.log("v", val); setCount((latestCount) => latestCount + val); }; const decrease = (val: number) => { console.log("v1", val); setCount((latestCount) => latestCount - val); }; return [increase, decrease]; }, []); // 保持依赖数组为空,这样 increase 和 decrease 方法都只会被创建一次 const increaseCall = useCallback((val: number) => { console.log("increaseCall val", val); setCount((latestCount) => latestCount + val); }, []); return [count, increase, decrease, increaseCall]; }; function Counter() { const [count, increase] = useCount(); useEffect(() => { const handleClick = () => { console.log("Counter Click"); increase(); // 执行后 count 的值永远都是 1 }; document.body.addEventListener("click", handleClick); return () => { document.body.removeEventListener("click", handleClick); }; }, []); return <h1>{count}</h1>; } export default function App() { const [count1, increase1, decrease1] = useCount(); const [count, increase, decrease, increaseCall] = useCountNew(); return ( <div className="App" style={{ textAlign: "center" }}> <h1>Hello CodeSandbox</h1> <p>{count1}</p> <button onClick={() => increase1()}>increase</button> <button onClick={() => decrease1()}>decrease</button> <hr /> <p>{count}</p> <button onClick={() => increase(count1)}>increase</button> <button onClick={() => decrease(count1)}>decrease</button> <button onClick={() => increaseCall(count1)}>decrease</button> <hr /> <Counter /> </div> ); }
import { useEffect, useState } from "react"; import { render } from "react-dom"; let _state: any; let _deps: any; let memorizedState: any[] = []; let cursor: number = 0; function useStateCustom(initialValue: any) { _state = _state || initialValue; function setState(newState: any) { console.log("setState", newState); _state = newState; renderFn(); } return [_state, setState]; } function useStateCustomMemo(initialValue: any) { memorizedState[cursor] = memorizedState[cursor] || initialValue; const currentCursor = cursor; function setState(newState: any) { // console.log("setState memo", newState, currentCursor, memorizedState); memorizedState[currentCursor] = newState; renderFn(); } return [memorizedState[cursor++], setState]; } function useEffectCustom(callback: Function, depArray: any[]) { const hasNoDeps = !depArray; // not dependencies const hasChangeDeps = _deps ? !depArray.every((el, i) => el === _deps[i]) : true; // 两次的 dependencies 是否完全相等 if (hasNoDeps || hasChangeDeps) { callback(); _deps = depArray; } } function useEffectCustomMemo(callback: Function, depArray: any[]) { const hasNoDeps = !depArray; const deps = memorizedState[cursor]; const hasChangeDeps = deps ? !depArray.every((el, i) => el === deps[i]) : true; if (hasNoDeps || hasChangeDeps) { callback(); memorizedState[cursor] = depArray; } cursor++; } export default function App() { const [count, setCount] = useStateCustom(0); const [count1, setCount1] = useState(0); const [countMemo, setCountMemo] = useStateCustomMemo(0); const [countMemo1, setCountMemo1] = useStateCustomMemo(0); // useEffect(() => { // console.log("test useCallback"); // }, []); // useEffectCustom(() => { // console.log("useEffectCustom"); // }, []); // useEffectCustom(() => { // console.log("useEffectCustom count"); // }, [count]); useEffectCustomMemo(() => { console.log("useEffectCustom countMemo"); }, [countMemo]); useEffectCustomMemo(() => { console.log("useEffectCustom countMemo1"); }, [countMemo1]); return ( <div className="App"> <h1>Hello CodeSandbox</h1> <h2>Start editing to see some magic happen!</h2> <span>custom: {count}</span> <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>+</button> <hr /> <span>custom memo: {countMemo}</span> <button onClick={() => setCountMemo(countMemo + 1)}>+</button> <span>custom memo: {countMemo1}</span> <button onClick={() => setCountMemo1(countMemo1 + 1)}>+</button> <hr /> <span>default: {count1}</span> <button onClick={() => setCount1(count1 + 1)}>+</button> </div> ); } const rootElement = document.getElementById("root"); function renderFn() { cursor = 0; render(<App />, rootElement); } renderFn();
https://codesandbox.io/s/react-hooks-ytbtb?file=/src/index.tsx
依靠 memorizedState 数组来存放数据
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https://codesandbox.io/s/react-hooks-ytbtb?file=/src/index.tsx
依靠 memorizedState 数组来存放数据
The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: