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2023-09-16

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Table of Contents

Lecture 05: Primitive Data Types and Practices (part III)

Lecture topics

  • String Data
    • String indexing
      • Each character of the string is assigned a index number representing its position in the string, and index number starts from 0
      • General indexing format - StringValue[<lower_index>:<upper_index>]
        • <lower_index> is inclusive
        • <upper_index> is exclusive
        • Negative indexing
    • f-string vs. format() - You could make the string value dynamic!! 
      • a = 3
b = 2
c = a + b
print(f'{b} plus {a} is {c}')      
      • a = 3
b = 2
c = a + b
print('{} plus {} is {}'.format(b, a, c))
print('{B} plus {A} is {C}'.format(B=b, A=a, C=c))
    • Alignment format (read more)
      • "Test".ljust(10, '*')
      • "Test".rjust(10, '*')
      • "Test".center(10, '*')
    • Practice
      • Introduce a person based on input from the keyboard 
        Type in your first name: xx
Type in your last name: xxxx
>> Output: Your full name is xx xxxx
      • Check if a string is a part of another string 
        Type in the 1st string: ab
Type in the 2nd string: abc
>> Output: The 1st string ab is in the 2nd string abc

        Type in the 1st string: ab
Type in the 2nd string: bcd
>> Output: The 1st string ab is not in the 2nd string bcd
      • What is the first occurrence? (didn't get time to cover) 
        Type in the 1st string: ab
Type in the 2nd string: bcabcdabcde
>> Output: The 1st string ab is in the 2nd string bcabcdabcde
>> Output: The first occurrence of string ab in the 2nd string bcabcdabcde is at position 2
      • Can you bake me a cake like this? 
                                                0000000000                                             
                                        0000000000                                             
                                        0000000000                                             
                                   00000000000000000000                                        
                                   00000000000000000000                                        
                                   00000000000000000000                                        
                         0000000000000000000000000000000000000000                              
                         0000000000000000000000000000000000000000                              
                         0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  • [ ] Boolean - True/False (didn't get time to cover)
    • Comparison is the most common way to generate True/False values
      Operator Meaning
      A > B A is greater than B
      A < B A is smaller than B
      A == B A is equal to B
      A != B A is not equal to B
      A >= B A is greater than or equal to B
      A <= B A is smaller than or equal to B
    • Evaluating if a fact is (equal to) True could also generate True/False values
      • 'ab' in 'abc'
    • Logical operators - Consider multiple scenarios
      Operator Meaning
      and, & AND
      or, | OR
      not, ! NOT
    • Practice
      • Check if the input number is divisible by number 2
      • Check if the input number is divisible by number 4
      • Check if the input number is divisible by either 2 and 4
      • Check if the input number is divisible by either 2 or 4

Course materials

Topics to explore

Read

  • Review the code samples from our class
  • Boolean data type in Python [reference]

Exercise

  • Can you follow the pattern(sample_5, sample_6) used by the end of our class to print a pattern like below?