diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/EvaluationDtos.kt b/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/EvaluationDtos.kt
index f8f079063..d7b7f6170 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/EvaluationDtos.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/EvaluationDtos.kt
@@ -171,10 +171,11 @@ data class EvaluationTargetData(
 
 data class MailTargetResponse(
     val email: String,
-    val name: String? = null
+    val name: String? = null,
+    val id: Long,
 ) {
-    constructor(memberResponse: MemberResponse) : this(memberResponse.email, memberResponse.name)
-    constructor(member: Member) : this(member.email, member.name)
+    constructor(memberResponse: MemberResponse) : this(memberResponse.email, memberResponse.name, memberResponse.id)
+    constructor(member: Member) : this(member.email, member.name, member.id)
 }
 
 data class EvaluationItemScoreData(
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/MailTargetService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/MailTargetService.kt
index 2d0d0a630..85604cf72 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/MailTargetService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/MailTargetService.kt
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import apply.domain.evaluationtarget.EvaluationStatus
 import apply.domain.evaluationtarget.EvaluationTarget
 import apply.domain.evaluationtarget.EvaluationTargetRepository
 import apply.domain.member.MemberRepository
-import apply.domain.member.findAllByEmailIn
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional
 
@@ -17,13 +16,12 @@ class MailTargetService(
     fun findMailTargets(evaluationId: Long, evaluationStatus: EvaluationStatus? = null): List<MailTargetResponse> {
         val memberIds = findEvaluationTargets(evaluationId, evaluationStatus).map { it.memberId }
         return memberRepository.findAllById(memberIds)
-            .map { MailTargetResponse(it.email, it.name) }
+            .map { MailTargetResponse(it) }
     }
 
-    fun findAllByEmails(emails: List<String>): List<MailTargetResponse> {
-        val members = memberRepository.findAllByEmailIn(emails)
-        val anonymousEmails = emails - members.map { it.email }
-        return members.map { MailTargetResponse(it) } + anonymousEmails.map { MailTargetResponse(it) }
+    fun findAllByMemberIds(memberIds: List<Long>): List<MailTargetResponse> {
+        val members = memberRepository.findAllById(memberIds)
+        return members.map { MailTargetResponse(it) }
     }
 
     private fun findEvaluationTargets(evaluationId: Long, evaluationStatus: EvaluationStatus?): List<EvaluationTarget> {
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/mail/MailData.kt b/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/mail/MailData.kt
index 392f38225..057c0d3a1 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/mail/MailData.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/mail/MailData.kt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ data class MailData(
     var sender: String = "",
 
     @field:NotEmpty
-    var recipients: List<String> = emptyList(),
+    var recipients: List<Long> = emptyList(),
 
     @field:NotNull
     var sentTime: LocalDateTime = LocalDateTime.now(),
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/mail/MailService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/mail/MailService.kt
index 6bb4230a4..b684f6bb7 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/mail/MailService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/apply/application/mail/MailService.kt
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class MailService(
     @Async
     fun sendMailsByBcc(request: MailData, files: Map<String, ByteArrayResource>) {
         val body = generateMailBody(request)
-        val recipients = request.recipients + mailProperties.username
+        val recipients = memberRepository.findAllById(request.recipients).map { it.email } + mailProperties.username
 
         // TODO: 성공과 실패를 분리하여 히스토리 관리
         val succeeded = mutableListOf<String>()
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/apply/config/DatabaseInitializer.kt b/src/main/kotlin/apply/config/DatabaseInitializer.kt
index 61fb724e8..ad35f8ea1 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/apply/config/DatabaseInitializer.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/apply/config/DatabaseInitializer.kt
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ class DatabaseInitializer(
                 subject = "[우아한테크코스] 프리코스를 진행하는 목적과 사전 준비",
                 body = "안녕하세요.",
                 sender = "woowa_course@woowahan.com",
-                recipients = listOf("a@email.com", "b@email.com", "c@email.com", "d@email.com"),
+                recipients = listOf(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L),
                 sentTime = createLocalDateTime(2020, 11, 5, 10)
             )
         )
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/apply/domain/mail/MailHistory.kt b/src/main/kotlin/apply/domain/mail/MailHistory.kt
index 40f9e8c12..fd8ff6c0e 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/apply/domain/mail/MailHistory.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/apply/domain/mail/MailHistory.kt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package apply.domain.mail
 
 import support.domain.BaseEntity
-import support.domain.StringToListConverter
+import support.domain.StringToLongListConverter
 import java.time.LocalDateTime
 import javax.persistence.Column
 import javax.persistence.Convert
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ class MailHistory(
     val sender: String,
 
     @Column(nullable = false)
-    @Convert(converter = StringToListConverter::class)
+    @Convert(converter = StringToLongListConverter::class)
     @Lob
-    val recipients: List<String>,
+    val recipients: List<Long>,
 
     @Column(nullable = false)
     val sentTime: LocalDateTime = LocalDateTime.now(),
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/apply/ui/admin/mail/MailForm.kt b/src/main/kotlin/apply/ui/admin/mail/MailForm.kt
index 9c9a1f3c7..aea7534f7 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/apply/ui/admin/mail/MailForm.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/apply/ui/admin/mail/MailForm.kt
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ import org.springframework.core.io.ByteArrayResource
 import support.views.BindingFormLayout
 import support.views.NO_NAME
 import support.views.addSortableColumn
-import support.views.createEnterBox
 import support.views.createErrorSmallButton
 import support.views.createNormalButton
 import support.views.createUpload
@@ -43,6 +42,7 @@ class MailForm(
     private val mailTargetsGrid: Grid<MailTargetResponse> = createMailTargetsGrid(mailTargets)
     private val recipientFilter: Component = createRecipientFilter()
     private val fileUpload: Upload = createFileUpload()
+    private var mailData: MailData? = null
 
     init {
         add(subject, sender, recipientFilter, mailTargetsGrid, body, fileUpload)
@@ -60,20 +60,11 @@ class MailForm(
 
     private fun createRecipientFilter(): Component {
         return HorizontalLayout(
-            createTargetEnterBox(),
             createIndividualLoadButton(),
             createGroupLoadButton()
         ).apply { defaultVerticalComponentAlignment = FlexComponent.Alignment.END }
     }
 
-    private fun createTargetEnterBox(): Component {
-        return createEnterBox("받는사람") {
-            if (it.isNotBlank()) {
-                refreshGrid { mailTargets.add(MailTargetResponse(it, NO_NAME)) }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
     private fun createIndividualLoadButton(): Button {
         return createNormalButton("개별 불러오기") {
             IndividualMailTargetDialog(memberService) {
@@ -133,15 +124,16 @@ class MailForm(
             return null
         }
         return bindDefaultOrNull()?.apply {
-            recipients = mailTargets.map { it.email }.toList()
+            recipients = mailTargets.map { it.id }.toList()
             attachments = uploadFile
         }
     }
 
     override fun fill(data: MailData) {
+        mailData = data
         fillDefault(data)
         toReadOnlyMode()
-        refreshGrid { mailTargets.addAll(mailTargetService.findAllByEmails(data.recipients)) }
+        refreshGrid { mailTargets.addAll(mailTargetService.findAllByMemberIds(data.recipients)) }
     }
 
     private fun toReadOnlyMode() {
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/support/domain/StringToListConverter.kt b/src/main/kotlin/support/domain/StringToListConverter.kt
index f375d0a1f..3e26f1b44 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/support/domain/StringToListConverter.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/support/domain/StringToListConverter.kt
@@ -2,18 +2,24 @@ package support.domain
 
 import javax.persistence.AttributeConverter
 import javax.persistence.Converter
+import kotlin.reflect.KClass
 
-@Converter
-class StringToListConverter : AttributeConverter<List<String>, String> {
-    override fun convertToDatabaseColumn(recipients: List<String>): String {
-        return recipients.joinToString(COMMA)
+abstract class StringToListConverter<T : Any>(
+    private val type: KClass<T>,
+    private val transform: (String) -> T,
+) : AttributeConverter<List<T>, String> {
+    override fun convertToDatabaseColumn(attribute: List<T>): String {
+        return attribute.joinToString(COMMA)
     }
 
-    override fun convertToEntityAttribute(dbData: String): List<String> {
-        return dbData.split(COMMA)
+    override fun convertToEntityAttribute(dbData: String): List<T> {
+        return dbData.split(COMMA).map { transform(it) }
     }
 
     companion object {
         private const val COMMA: String = ","
     }
 }
+
+@Converter
+class StringToLongListConverter : StringToListConverter<Long>(Long::class, String::toLong)
diff --git a/src/test/kotlin/apply/MailHistoryFixtures.kt.kt b/src/test/kotlin/apply/MailHistoryFixtures.kt.kt
index fa828d416..3417ff3e4 100644
--- a/src/test/kotlin/apply/MailHistoryFixtures.kt.kt
+++ b/src/test/kotlin/apply/MailHistoryFixtures.kt.kt
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ import java.time.LocalDateTime
 private const val SUBJECT: String = "메일제목"
 private const val BODY: String = "메일 본문 입니다."
 private const val SENDER: String = "woowacourse@email.com"
-private val RECIPIENTS: List<String> = listOf("test1@email.com", "test2@email.com")
+private val RECIPIENTS: List<Long> = listOf(1L, 2L)
 private val SENT_TIME: LocalDateTime = LocalDateTime.now()
 
 fun createMailHistory(
     subject: String = SUBJECT,
     body: String = BODY,
     sender: String = SENDER,
-    recipients: List<String> = RECIPIENTS,
+    recipients: List<Long> = RECIPIENTS,
     sentTime: LocalDateTime = SENT_TIME,
     id: Long = 0L
 ): MailHistory {
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ fun createMailData(
     subject: String = SUBJECT,
     body: String = BODY,
     sender: String = SENDER,
-    recipients: List<String> = RECIPIENTS,
+    recipients: List<Long> = RECIPIENTS,
     sentTime: LocalDateTime = SENT_TIME,
     id: Long = 0L
 ): MailData {
diff --git a/src/test/kotlin/apply/application/MailTargetServiceTest.kt b/src/test/kotlin/apply/application/MailTargetServiceTest.kt
index 5da258a2f..0708192e1 100644
--- a/src/test/kotlin/apply/application/MailTargetServiceTest.kt
+++ b/src/test/kotlin/apply/application/MailTargetServiceTest.kt
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import apply.domain.evaluationtarget.EvaluationStatus.PENDING
 import apply.domain.evaluationtarget.EvaluationStatus.WAITING
 import apply.domain.evaluationtarget.EvaluationTargetRepository
 import apply.domain.member.MemberRepository
-import apply.domain.member.findAllByEmailIn
 import io.kotest.core.spec.style.BehaviorSpec
 import io.kotest.matchers.collections.shouldBeEmpty
 import io.kotest.matchers.collections.shouldContainExactlyInAnyOrder
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ class MailTargetServiceTest : BehaviorSpec({
 
             Then("평가 대상자의 이름 및 이메일을 확인할 수 있다") {
                 actual shouldHaveSize 1
-                actual[0] shouldBe MailTargetResponse(member.email, member.name)
+                actual[0] shouldBe MailTargetResponse(member)
             }
         }
     }
@@ -88,7 +87,7 @@ class MailTargetServiceTest : BehaviorSpec({
 
             Then("평가 대상자의 이름 및 이메일을 확인할 수 있다") {
                 actual shouldHaveSize 1
-                actual[0] shouldBe MailTargetResponse(member.email, member.name)
+                actual[0] shouldBe MailTargetResponse(member)
             }
         }
     }
@@ -107,7 +106,7 @@ class MailTargetServiceTest : BehaviorSpec({
 
             Then("평가 대상자의 이름 및 이메일을 확인할 수 있다") {
                 actual shouldHaveSize 1
-                actual[0] shouldBe MailTargetResponse(member.email, member.name)
+                actual[0] shouldBe MailTargetResponse(member)
             }
         }
     }
@@ -141,16 +140,21 @@ class MailTargetServiceTest : BehaviorSpec({
         }
     }
 
-    Given("특정 이메일을 가진 회원이 없는 경우") {
-        val email = "test1@email.com"
+    // TODO[#754]: 탈퇴한 회원의 경우 default 정보가 노출된다.
+    Given("메일 이력을 통해 회원 id 목록을 확인할 수 있는 경우") {
+        val members = listOf(
+            createMember(id = 1L),
+            createMember(id = 2L),
+            createMember(id = 3L)
+        )
 
-        every { memberRepository.findAllByEmailIn(any()) } returns emptyList()
+        every { memberRepository.findAllById(any()) } returns members
 
-        When("해당 이메일로 이메일 정보를 조회하면") {
-            val actual = mailTargetService.findAllByEmails(listOf(email))
+        When("회원 id를 사용해 메일 수신자 정보를 조회하면") {
+            val actual = mailTargetService.findAllByMemberIds(listOf(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L))
 
-            Then("이름이 비어있는 것을 확인할 수 있다") {
-                actual[0] shouldBe MailTargetResponse(email, null)
+            Then("현재 회원인 메일 수신자만 확인할 수 있다") {
+                actual shouldHaveSize 3
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/test/kotlin/apply/ui/api/EvaluationTargetRestControllerTest.kt b/src/test/kotlin/apply/ui/api/EvaluationTargetRestControllerTest.kt
index abdd283c7..4337ec0cc 100644
--- a/src/test/kotlin/apply/ui/api/EvaluationTargetRestControllerTest.kt
+++ b/src/test/kotlin/apply/ui/api/EvaluationTargetRestControllerTest.kt
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class EvaluationTargetRestControllerTest : RestControllerTest() {
     @EnumSource(names = ["PASS", "FAIL", "WAITING"])
     @ParameterizedTest
     fun `메일 발송 대상(합격자)들의 이메일 정보를 조회한다`(enumStatus: EvaluationStatus) {
-        val responses = listOf(MailTargetResponse("roki@woowacourse.com", "김로키"))
+        val responses = listOf(MailTargetResponse("roki@woowacourse.com", "김로키", 1L))
         every { mailTargetService.findMailTargets(any(), any()) } returns responses
 
         mockMvc.get("/api/recruitments/{recruitmentId}/evaluations/{evaluationId}/targets/emails", 1L, 1L) {