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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<title>Understanding Metadata | WAI | W3C</title>
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<body dir="ltr"><a href="#main" class="button button--skip-link">Skip to content</a><div class="minimal-header-container default-grid">
<div class="minimal-header" id="site-header">
<div class="minimal-header-name"><a href="https://w3c.github.io/wcag/understanding/">WCAG 2.2 Understanding Docs</a></div>
<div class="minimal-header-subtitle">Informative explanations, not required to meet WCAG</div><a class="minimal-header-link" href="https://w3c.github.io/wcag/understanding/about">About WCAG Understanding Docs</a><div class="minimal-header-logo"><a href="http://w3.org/" aria-label="W3C">
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<li><a href="#understanding-metadata-resources">Metadata Resources</a></li>
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<h1>Understanding Metadata</h1>
<div>
<p>This section discusses metadata techniques that can be employed to satisfy WCAG 2.1
Success Criteria. For more information about metadata see resources below.
</p>
<p>At its most basic level, metadata is essentially 'data about data' and is used to
both describe and find resources.
</p>
<p>Metadata is a powerful tool that can be used for describing Web pages and accessible
components of Web pages as well as associating alternate versions of Web content to
each other. These descriptions in turn allows users to locate specific information
they need or prefer.
</p>
<p>In conjunction with WCAG, metadata can play a number of roles including: </p>
<ol>
<li>
<p> Metadata can be used to associate conforming alternate versions of Web pages with
Web pages which do not conform, in order to allow users to find the conforming alternate
version when they land on a non-conforming page that they cannot use.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p> Metadata can be used to locate and also to describe alternate pages where there are
multiple versions of a page which have been developed, especially where the alternate
pages are optimized for individuals with different disabilities. The user can use
the metadata both to locate the alternate versions and to identify characteristics
of the versions, so that they can find the one that best meets their needs.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>In addition to being used for whole pages (as in #1 and #2 above), metadata can be
used to describe alternate versions of subcomponents of a page. Again, the metadata
can be used to find alternate versions of a Web page component as well as to get descriptions
of the alternate versions (if there are several) in order to determine which one would
best meet the user's needs.
</p>
</li>
</ol>
<section id="understanding-metadata-resources">
<h2>Metadata Resources</h2>
<p>Metadata descriptions often provide values from defined, agreed vocabularies such
as the resource's subject matter or its date of publication, and are machine readable
- software that understands the metadata scheme in use can do useful tasks not feasible
otherwise. Typically, an object having metadata may have one or more such metadata
descriptions.
</p>
<p>Well-known specifications (schemas) for metadata include: </p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/">Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) scheme</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://dublincore.org">Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI) terms for cross-disciplinary resources</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.ieee.org/index.html">IEEE Standards</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>There are some tools available to provide resource descriptions, or they can be provided
manually. The more easily the metadata can be created and collected at point of creation
of a resource or at point of publication, the more efficient the process and the more
likely it is to take place.
</p>
<p>Some examples include: </p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/dcdot/">DC-dot</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Accessibility metadata implementations include: </p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://barrierfree.ca/tile/">The Inclusive Learning Exchange (TILE)</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
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