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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Understanding Success Criterion 1.3.3: Sensory Characteristics</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2016/base" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="base.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="understanding.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="slicenav.css" />
</head>
<body>
<nav>
<ul id="navigation">
<li><a href="." title="Table of Contents">Contents</a></li>
<li><a href="adaptable"><abbr title="Guideline">GL</abbr>: Adaptable</a></li>
<li><a href="meaningful-sequence">Previous <abbr title="Success Criterion">SC</abbr>: Meaningful Sequence</a></li>
<li><a href="orientation">Next <abbr title="Success Criterion">SC</abbr>: Orientation</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<nav class="navtoc">
<p>On this page:</p>
<ul id="navbar">
<li><a href="#intent">Intent</a></li>
<li><a href="#benefits">Benefits</a></li>
<li><a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
<li><a href="#techniques">Techniques</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<h1>Understanding Success Criterion 1.3.3: Sensory Characteristics</h1>
<blockquote class="scquote">
<p>Success Criterion <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG21/#sensory-characteristics" style="font-weight: bold;">1.3.3 Sensory Characteristics</a> (Level A): Instructions provided for understanding and operating content do not rely solely on
sensory characteristics of components such as shape, color, size, visual location,
orientation,
or sound.
</p>
<p class="note">For requirements related to color, refer to <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG21/#distinguishable">Guideline 1.4</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<main>
<section id="intent">
<h2>Intent</h2>
<p>The intent of this Success Criterion is to ensure that all users can access instructions
for using the content, even when they cannot perceive shape or size or use information
about spatial location or orientation.
Some content relies on knowledge of the shape or position of objects that are not
available from the structure of the content (for example, "round button" or "button
to the right").
Some users with disabilities are not able to perceive shape or position due to the
nature of the assistive technologies they use.
This Success Criterion requires that additional information be provided to clarify
instructions that are dependent on this kind of information.
</p>
<p>Providing information using shape and/or location, however, is an effective method
for many users including those with cognitive limitations.
This provision should not discourage those types of cues as long as the information
is also provided in other ways.
</p>
<p>In some languages, it is commonly understood that "above" refers to the content previous
to that point in the content and "below" refers to the content after that point. In
such languages, if the content being referenced is in the appropriate place in the
reading order and the references are unambiguous, statements such as "choose one of
the links below" or "all of the above" would conform to this Success Criterion.
</p>
<p>WCAG was designed to apply only to controls that were displayed on a web page. The
intent was to avoid describing controls solely via references to visual or auditory
cues. When applying this to instructions for operating physical hardware controls
(e.g. a web kiosk with dedicated content), tactile cues on the hardware might be described
(e.g. the arrow shaped key, the round key on the right side). This success criterion
is not intended to prevent the use of tactile cues in instructions.
</p>
</section>
<section id="benefits">
<h2>Benefits</h2>
<ul>
<li>People who are blind and people who have low vision may not be able to understand
instructions if they rely only on a description of the shape and/or location of content.
Providing additional information in any instructions other than shape and/or location
will allow users to understand the instructions even if they cannot perceive shape
and/or location.
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="examples">
<h2>Examples</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
<strong>
Example 1: Instructions for interpreting a schedule of competitive events references
colored icons in different shapes to indicate the venue for each event
</strong>
</p>
<p>
A table presents a list of times across the top row and a list of events in the first
vertical column and instructions are provided under the table: "Events marked with
a
blue diamond are played on field A and events marked with a green circle are played
on field B." The instructions rely on color and shape only and result in a failure
of
this criterion.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<strong>
Example 2: An online multi-page survey
</strong>
</p>
<p>
An online multi-page survey uses a link implemented as a green arrow icon placed
in the lower right hand corner of the content to move from one survey page to the
next. The arrow is clearly labeled with "Next" and the instructions state, "To move
to the next section of the survey, select the green arrow icon labeled 'Next' in the
lower right corner below the last survey question."
The instruction uses positioning and color to help identify the icon;
the instruction does not rely on these sensory characteristics since it also refers
to the label, so it passes this criterion.
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="techniques">
<h2>Techniques</h2>
<p>Each numbered item in this section represents a technique or combination of techniques
that the WCAG Working Group deems sufficient for meeting this Success Criterion. However,
it is not necessary to use these particular techniques. For information on using other
techniques, see <a href="understanding-techniques">Understanding Techniques for WCAG Success Criteria</a>, particularly the "Other Techniques" section.</p>
<section id="sufficient">
<h3>Sufficient Techniques</h3>
<ol>
<li>
<a class="general" href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Techniques/general/G96">G96: Providing textual identification of items that otherwise rely only on sensory information
to be understood</a>
</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="failure">
<h3>Failures</h3>
<p>The following are common mistakes that are considered failures of this Success Criterion
by the WCAG Working Group.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<a class="failure" href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Techniques/failures/F14">F14: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.3 due to identifying content only by its shape or
location</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="failure" href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Techniques/failures/F26">F26: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.3 due to using a graphical symbol alone to convey
information</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
</main>
</body>
</html>