diff --git a/src/node/build/build.ts b/src/node/build/build.ts
index 29fa53b20bf6..32f40225e142 100644
--- a/src/node/build/build.ts
+++ b/src/node/build/build.ts
@@ -6,14 +6,22 @@ import { renderPage } from './render'
 import { OutputChunk, OutputAsset } from 'rollup'
 import ora from 'ora'
 
-export async function build(root: string, buildOptions: BuildOptions = {}) {
+export async function build(
+  root: string,
+  buildOptions: BuildOptions & { mpa?: string } = {}
+) {
   const start = Date.now()
 
   process.env.NODE_ENV = 'production'
   const siteConfig = await resolveConfig(root)
 
+  if (buildOptions.mpa) {
+    siteConfig.mpa = true
+    delete buildOptions.mpa
+  }
+
   try {
-    const [clientResult, , pageToHashMap] = await bundle(
+    const [clientResult, serverResult, pageToHashMap] = await bundle(
       siteConfig,
       buildOptions
     )
@@ -22,11 +30,13 @@ export async function build(root: string, buildOptions: BuildOptions = {}) {
     spinner.start('rendering pages...')
 
     try {
-      const appChunk = clientResult.output.find(
-        (chunk) => chunk.type === 'chunk' && chunk.isEntry
-      ) as OutputChunk
+      const appChunk =
+        clientResult &&
+        (clientResult.output.find(
+          (chunk) => chunk.type === 'chunk' && chunk.isEntry
+        ) as OutputChunk)
 
-      const cssChunk = clientResult.output.find(
+      const cssChunk = (clientResult || serverResult).output.find(
         (chunk) => chunk.type === 'asset' && chunk.fileName.endsWith('.css')
       ) as OutputAsset
 
diff --git a/src/node/build/bundle.ts b/src/node/build/bundle.ts
index 672e3bbe2c6e..18cdd40b7bf2 100644
--- a/src/node/build/bundle.ts
+++ b/src/node/build/bundle.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import ora from 'ora'
 import path from 'path'
+import fs from 'fs-extra'
 import { slash } from '../utils/slash'
 import { APP_PATH } from '../alias'
 import { SiteConfig } from '../config'
@@ -71,7 +72,8 @@ export async function bundle(
               })
         }
       },
-      minify: ssr ? false : !process.env.DEBUG
+      // minify with esbuild in MPA mode (for CSS)
+      minify: ssr ? (config.mpa ? 'esbuild' : false) : !process.env.DEBUG
     }
   })
 
@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@ export async function bundle(
   spinner.start('building client + server bundles...')
   try {
     ;[clientResult, serverResult] = await (Promise.all([
-      build(resolveViteConfig(false)),
+      config.mpa ? null : build(resolveViteConfig(false)),
       build(resolveViteConfig(true))
     ]) as Promise<[RollupOutput, RollupOutput]>)
   } catch (e) {
@@ -95,6 +97,23 @@ export async function bundle(
     symbol: okMark
   })
 
+  if (config.mpa) {
+    // in MPA mode, we need to copy over the non-js asset files from the
+    // server build since there is no client-side build.
+    for (const chunk of serverResult.output) {
+      if (!chunk.fileName.endsWith('.js')) {
+        const tempPath = path.resolve(config.tempDir, chunk.fileName)
+        const outPath = path.resolve(config.outDir, chunk.fileName)
+        await fs.copy(tempPath, outPath)
+      }
+    }
+    // also copy over public dir
+    const publicDir = path.resolve(config.srcDir, 'public')
+    if (fs.existsSync(publicDir)) {
+      await fs.copy(publicDir, config.outDir)
+    }
+  }
+
   return [clientResult, serverResult, pageToHashMap]
 }
 
diff --git a/src/node/build/render.ts b/src/node/build/render.ts
index 72b080f01072..52aee1f0e091 100644
--- a/src/node/build/render.ts
+++ b/src/node/build/render.ts
@@ -39,18 +39,20 @@ export async function renderPage(
   ))
   const pageData = JSON.parse(__pageData)
 
-  const preloadLinks = [
-    // resolve imports for index.js + page.md.js and inject script tags for
-    // them as well so we fetch everything as early as possible without having
-    // to wait for entry chunks to parse
-    ...resolvePageImports(config, page, result, appChunk),
-    pageClientJsFileName,
-    appChunk.fileName
-  ]
-    .map((file) => {
-      return `<link rel="modulepreload" href="${siteData.base}${file}">`
-    })
-    .join('\n    ')
+  const preloadLinks = config.mpa
+    ? ''
+    : [
+        // resolve imports for index.js + page.md.js and inject script tags for
+        // them as well so we fetch everything as early as possible without having
+        // to wait for entry chunks to parse
+        ...resolvePageImports(config, page, result, appChunk),
+        pageClientJsFileName,
+        appChunk.fileName
+      ]
+        .map((file) => {
+          return `<link rel="modulepreload" href="${siteData.base}${file}">`
+        })
+        .join('\n    ')
 
   const stylesheetLink = cssChunk
     ? `<link rel="stylesheet" href="${siteData.base}${cssChunk.fileName}">`
@@ -83,11 +85,12 @@ export async function renderPage(
   </head>
   <body>
     <div id="app">${content}</div>
-    <script>__VP_HASH_MAP__ = JSON.parse(${hashMapString})</script>
-    <script type="module" async src="${siteData.base}${
-    appChunk.fileName
-  }"></script>
-  </body>
+    ${
+      config.mpa
+        ? ``
+        : `<script>__VP_HASH_MAP__ = JSON.parse(${hashMapString})</script>` +
+          `<script type="module" async src="${siteData.base}${appChunk.fileName}"></script>`
+    }</body>
 </html>`.trim()
   const htmlFileName = path.join(config.outDir, page.replace(/\.md$/, '.html'))
   await fs.ensureDir(path.dirname(htmlFileName))
diff --git a/src/node/config.ts b/src/node/config.ts
index b1b3e4a8dbd3..20dac3686e32 100644
--- a/src/node/config.ts
+++ b/src/node/config.ts
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ export { resolveSiteDataByRoute } from './shared'
 const debug = require('debug')('vitepress:config')
 
 export interface UserConfig<ThemeConfig = any> {
+  extends?: RawConfigExports
   lang?: string
   base?: string
   title?: string
@@ -43,15 +44,9 @@ export interface UserConfig<ThemeConfig = any> {
   srcExclude?: string[]
 
   /**
-   * @deprecated use `srcExclude` instead
-   */
-  exclude?: string[]
-  /**
-   * @deprecated use `vue` instead
+   * Enable MPA / zero-JS mode
    */
-  vueOptions?: VuePluginOptions
-
-  extends?: RawConfigExports
+  mpa?: boolean
 }
 
 type RawConfigExports =
@@ -72,6 +67,7 @@ export interface SiteConfig<ThemeConfig = any> {
   markdown: MarkdownOptions | undefined
   vue: VuePluginOptions | undefined
   vite: ViteConfig | undefined
+  mpa: boolean
 }
 
 const resolve = (root: string, file: string) =>
@@ -81,22 +77,7 @@ export async function resolveConfig(
   root: string = process.cwd()
 ): Promise<SiteConfig> {
   const userConfig = await resolveUserConfig(root)
-
-  if (userConfig.vueOptions) {
-    console.warn(
-      chalk.yellow(`[vitepress] "vueOptions" option has been renamed to "vue".`)
-    )
-  }
-  if (userConfig.exclude) {
-    console.warn(
-      chalk.yellow(
-        `[vitepress] "exclude" option has been renamed to "ssrExclude".`
-      )
-    )
-  }
-
   const site = await resolveSiteData(root, userConfig)
-
   const srcDir = path.resolve(root, userConfig.srcDir || '.')
 
   // resolve theme path
@@ -120,7 +101,8 @@ export async function resolveConfig(
     markdown: userConfig.markdown,
     alias: resolveAliases(themeDir),
     vue: userConfig.vue,
-    vite: userConfig.vite
+    vite: userConfig.vite,
+    mpa: !!userConfig.mpa
   }
 
   return config