diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts
index df54a0c9ae98ed..1e528190f85b7d 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts
@@ -1212,7 +1212,7 @@ function getConfigHash(environment: Environment): string {
   const { optimizeDeps } = config
   const content = JSON.stringify(
     {
-      define: config.keepProcessEnv
+      define: !config.keepProcessEnv
         ? process.env.NODE_ENV || config.mode
         : null,
       root: config.root,