diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 90feb88..5e006fc 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 files: "core\/|notebooks\/"
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: "v0.5.6"
+    rev: "v0.6.9"
     hooks:
       - id: ruff
       - id: ruff-format
diff --git a/notebooks/_addartifacts_8989.ipynb b/notebooks/_addartifacts_8989.ipynb
index 9857248..a86cdea 100644
--- a/notebooks/_addartifacts_8989.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/_addartifacts_8989.ipynb
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@
     "# find predicted artifacts\n",
     "option = \"circular_compactness_index\"\n",
     "threshold = results[city][option][\"threshold\"]\n",
-    "polygons[\"is_artifact\"] = False # set default to False\n",
-    "polygons.loc[\n",
-    "    polygons[\"circular_compactness_index\"] <= threshold, \"is_artifact\"\n",
-    "] = True # set to True for polygons where index is below the threshold"
+    "polygons[\"is_artifact\"] = False  # set default to False\n",
+    "polygons.loc[polygons[\"circular_compactness_index\"] <= threshold, \"is_artifact\"] = (\n",
+    "    True  # set to True for polygons where index is below the threshold\n",
+    ")"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/notebooks/_clip_networks.ipynb b/notebooks/_clip_networks.ipynb
index 291f59d..e95e365 100644
--- a/notebooks/_clip_networks.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/_clip_networks.ipynb
@@ -331,9 +331,7 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "slc = gpd.read_parquet(\"../data/809/original/809.parquet\").query(\n",
-    "    \"highway != 'service'\"\n",
-    ")"
+    "slc = gpd.read_parquet(\"../data/809/original/809.parquet\").query(\"highway != 'service'\")"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/notebooks/check_corrected_input_data.ipynb b/notebooks/check_corrected_input_data.ipynb
index 4ef0987..815879d 100644
--- a/notebooks/check_corrected_input_data.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/check_corrected_input_data.ipynb
@@ -64,24 +64,16 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "for fua, city in utils.fua_city.items():\n",
-    "    print(\n",
-    "        \"================================\\n\"\n",
-    "        f\"* {city} *\"\n",
-    "        \"\\n--------------\"\n",
-    "    )\n",
+    "for _, city in utils.fua_city.items():\n",
+    "    print(\"================================\\n\" f\"* {city} *\" \"\\n--------------\")\n",
     "\n",
     "    o = utils.read_original(city)\n",
     "    m = utils.read_manual(city, o.crs)\n",
     "\n",
-    "    print(\n",
-    "        \"Records\\n\"\n",
-    "        f\"  Orig: {o.shape[0]:,}\\n\"\n",
-    "        f\"  Manu: {m.shape[0]:,}\\n\"\n",
-    "    )\n",
+    "    print(\"Records\\n\" f\"  Orig: {o.shape[0]:,}\\n\" f\"  Manu: {m.shape[0]:,}\\n\")\n",
     "\n",
-    "    b = o.plot(figsize=(20,20), ec=\"k\", lw=.5, alpha=.5, zorder=1)\n",
-    "    m.plot(ax=b, ec=\"b\", lw=.2, alpha=1, zorder=2)\n",
+    "    b = o.plot(figsize=(20, 20), ec=\"k\", lw=0.5, alpha=0.5, zorder=1)\n",
+    "    m.plot(ax=b, ec=\"b\", lw=0.2, alpha=1, zorder=2)\n",
     "\n",
     "    # large plot\n",
     "    matplotlib.pyplot.savefig(f\"{city}_orig_vs_manu.png\", dpi=400)"
diff --git a/notebooks/cityseer_overview_gaboardi.ipynb b/notebooks/cityseer_overview_gaboardi.ipynb
index e8b9ed9..3bbdaac 100644
--- a/notebooks/cityseer_overview_gaboardi.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/cityseer_overview_gaboardi.ipynb
@@ -97,9 +97,10 @@
     "\n",
     "import cityseer  # noqa: F401\n",
     "import momepy\n",
-    "from core import utils\n",
     "from cityseer.tools import graphs, io\n",
     "\n",
+    "from core import utils\n",
+    "\n",
     "%watermark -w\n",
     "%watermark -iv"
    ]
@@ -2273,8 +2274,8 @@
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "mm_nodes_raw, mm_edges_raw = momepy.nx_to_gdf(G_nx_mm)\n",
-    "#(mm_nodes_raw.to_crs(4326).to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"mm\", \"nodes\", \"raw\")))\n",
-    "#(mm_edges_raw.to_crs(4326).to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"mm\", \"edges\", \"raw\")))"
+    "# (mm_nodes_raw.to_crs(4326).to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"mm\", \"nodes\", \"raw\")))\n",
+    "# (mm_edges_raw.to_crs(4326).to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"mm\", \"edges\", \"raw\")))"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -2321,8 +2322,8 @@
     ")\n",
     "G_cs_simp = momepy.gdf_to_nx(cs_road_simp, integer_labels=True)\n",
     "cs_nodes_simp, cs_edges_simp = momepy.nx_to_gdf(G_cs_simp)\n",
-    "#(cs_nodes_simp.to_crs(4326).to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"cs\", \"nodes\", \"simplified\")))\n",
-    "#(cs_edges_simp.to_crs(4326).to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"cs\", \"edges\", \"simplified\")))"
+    "# (cs_nodes_simp.to_crs(4326).to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"cs\", \"nodes\", \"simplified\")))\n",
+    "# (cs_edges_simp.to_crs(4326).to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"cs\", \"edges\", \"simplified\")))"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -2341,8 +2342,8 @@
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "cs_nodes_simp, cs_edges_simp = momepy.nx_to_gdf(G_cs_simp)\n",
-    "#cs_nodes_simp.to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"cs\", \"nodes\", \"simplified\"))\n",
-    "#cs_edges_simp.to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"cs\", \"edges\", \"simplified\"))"
+    "# cs_nodes_simp.to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"cs\", \"nodes\", \"simplified\"))\n",
+    "# cs_edges_simp.to_file(fpath / fbase.format(\"cs\", \"edges\", \"simplified\"))"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/notebooks/cityseer_parallel_gaboardi.ipynb b/notebooks/cityseer_parallel_gaboardi.ipynb
index 80fac3a..3801042 100644
--- a/notebooks/cityseer_parallel_gaboardi.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/cityseer_parallel_gaboardi.ipynb
@@ -97,9 +97,10 @@
     "import momepy\n",
     "import networkx\n",
     "import pyproj\n",
-    "from core import utils, viz\n",
     "from cityseer.tools import graphs, io\n",
     "\n",
+    "from core import utils, viz\n",
+    "\n",
     "%watermark -w\n",
     "%watermark -iv"
    ]
diff --git a/notebooks/momepy.ipynb b/notebooks/momepy.ipynb
index cb93209..bd27016 100644
--- a/notebooks/momepy.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/momepy.ipynb
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@
    "source": [
     "import momepy as mm  # requires main\n",
     "import networkx as nx\n",
+    "\n",
     "from core import utils\n",
     "\n",
     "%watermark -w\n",
diff --git a/notebooks/osmnx.ipynb b/notebooks/osmnx.ipynb
index d54f987..7c80d86 100644
--- a/notebooks/osmnx.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/osmnx.ipynb
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@
    "source": [
     "import momepy\n",
     "import osmnx as ox\n",
+    "\n",
     "from core import utils, viz\n",
     "\n",
     "%watermark -w\n",
diff --git a/notebooks/parenx.ipynb b/notebooks/parenx.ipynb
index 80b8c55..b59d282 100644
--- a/notebooks/parenx.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/parenx.ipynb
@@ -71,24 +71,18 @@
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "for subfolder in glob.glob(\"../temp-parenx/*\"):\n",
-    "\n",
-    "    fua = int(re.findall(r'\\d+', subfolder)[0])\n",
+    "    fua = int(re.findall(r\"\\d+\", subfolder)[0])\n",
     "\n",
     "    os.makedirs(f\"../data/{fua}/parenx/\", exist_ok=True)\n",
     "\n",
     "    ske = gpd.read_file(\n",
-    "        filename = subfolder + \"/skeletonize.gpkg\",\n",
-    "        driver = \"fiona\",\n",
-    "        layer = \"line\"\n",
+    "        filename=subfolder + \"/skeletonize.gpkg\", driver=\"fiona\", layer=\"line\"\n",
     "    )\n",
     "\n",
-    "\n",
     "    ske.to_parquet(f\"../data/{fua}/parenx/skeletonize.parquet\")\n",
     "\n",
     "    vor = gpd.read_file(\n",
-    "        filename = subfolder + \"/voronoi.gpkg\",\n",
-    "        driver = \"fiona\",\n",
-    "        layer = \"line\"\n",
+    "        filename=subfolder + \"/voronoi.gpkg\", driver=\"fiona\", layer=\"line\"\n",
     "    )\n",
     "\n",
     "    vor.to_parquet(f\"../data/{fua}/parenx/voronoi.parquet\")"
diff --git a/notebooks/simplification_api.ipynb b/notebooks/simplification_api.ipynb
index 88addcb..72b7fbe 100644
--- a/notebooks/simplification_api.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/simplification_api.ipynb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
     "import folium\n",
     "import sgeop\n",
     "\n",
-    "from core import utils\n"
+    "from core import utils"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -134,8 +134,10 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "m = roads.explore(max_zoom=52, tiles=\"cartodb positron\", color=\"black\", prefer_canvas=True)\n",
-    "m = new_roads.explore(\"_status\", m=m, highlight_kwds=dict(color='red'))\n",
+    "m = roads.explore(\n",
+    "    max_zoom=52, tiles=\"cartodb positron\", color=\"black\", prefer_canvas=True\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "m = new_roads.explore(\"_status\", m=m, highlight_kwds=dict(color=\"red\"))\n",
     "folium.LayerControl().add_to(m)\n",
     "m"
    ]
diff --git a/notebooks/simplification_api_bug.ipynb b/notebooks/simplification_api_bug.ipynb
index 28e5535..8b05a05 100644
--- a/notebooks/simplification_api_bug.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/simplification_api_bug.ipynb
@@ -19,10 +19,9 @@
     "import warnings\n",
     "\n",
     "import folium\n",
+    "import geopandas as gpd\n",
     "\n",
-    "from core import algorithms, utils\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import geopandas as gpd\n"
+    "from core import algorithms, utils"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/notebooks/simplification_pipeline.ipynb b/notebooks/simplification_pipeline.ipynb
index ec1bb4e..dc51264 100644
--- a/notebooks/simplification_pipeline.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/simplification_pipeline.ipynb
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@
     "import warnings\n",
     "\n",
     "import folium\n",
-    "from libpysal import graph\n",
     "import sgeop\n",
+    "from libpysal import graph\n",
     "\n",
-    "from core import utils\n"
+    "from core import utils"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/notebooks/simplification_prg.ipynb b/notebooks/simplification_prg.ipynb
index 25404de..4b594a5 100644
--- a/notebooks/simplification_prg.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/simplification_prg.ipynb
@@ -73,7 +73,9 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "buildings = geopandas.read_parquet(\"/Users/martin/Downloads/buildings_chars_69300.parquet\", columns=[\"geometry\"])"
+    "buildings = geopandas.read_parquet(\n",
+    "    \"/Users/martin/Downloads/buildings_chars_69300.parquet\", columns=[\"geometry\"]\n",
+    ")"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -139,8 +141,14 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "m = roads.explore(max_zoom=52, tiles=\"cartodb positron\", color=\"black\", prefer_canvas=True, highlight_kwds=dict(color='red'))\n",
-    "m = new_roads.explore(\"_status\", m=m, highlight_kwds=dict(color='red'))\n",
+    "m = roads.explore(\n",
+    "    max_zoom=52,\n",
+    "    tiles=\"cartodb positron\",\n",
+    "    color=\"black\",\n",
+    "    prefer_canvas=True,\n",
+    "    highlight_kwds=dict(color=\"red\"),\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "m = new_roads.explore(\"_status\", m=m, highlight_kwds=dict(color=\"red\"))\n",
     "folium.LayerControl().add_to(m)\n",
     "m"
    ]
diff --git a/notebooks/typology-doubles.ipynb b/notebooks/typology-doubles.ipynb
index 23f0d5a..b5d067a 100644
--- a/notebooks/typology-doubles.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/typology-doubles.ipynb
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@
    "source": [
     "import logging\n",
     "\n",
+    "import folium\n",
+    "import folium.plugins as plugins\n",
     "import geopandas as gpd\n",
     "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
     "import momepy\n",
@@ -40,16 +42,13 @@
     "import shapely\n",
     "from libpysal import graph\n",
     "from scipy import sparse, spatial\n",
-    "import folium\n",
-    "import folium.plugins as plugins\n",
-    "import shapely\n",
     "\n",
     "from core import algorithms, utils\n",
     "from core.geometry import (\n",
-    "    voronoi_skeleton,\n",
+    "    is_within,\n",
     "    remove_false_nodes,\n",
     "    snap_to_targets,\n",
-    "    is_within,\n",
+    "    voronoi_skeleton,\n",
     ")"
    ]
   },
diff --git a/notebooks/typology-multiples.ipynb b/notebooks/typology-multiples.ipynb
index 9157b1a..5ade609 100644
--- a/notebooks/typology-multiples.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/typology-multiples.ipynb
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
+    "import folium\n",
+    "import folium.plugins as plugins\n",
     "import geopandas as gpd\n",
     "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
     "import momepy\n",
@@ -31,9 +33,6 @@
     "import shapely\n",
     "from libpysal import graph\n",
     "from scipy import sparse\n",
-    "import folium\n",
-    "import folium.plugins as plugins\n",
-    "import shapely\n",
     "\n",
     "from core import algorithms, utils\n",
     "from core.geometry import voronoi_skeleton"
@@ -169,7 +168,7 @@
     "\n",
     "    # setting is_artifact to True\n",
     "    polygons.loc[\n",
-    "        (polygons.touching == True)\n",
+    "        (polygons.touching == True)  # noqa: E712\n",
     "        & (polygons.face_artifact_index < fas.threshold * prop),\n",
     "        \"is_artifact\",\n",
     "    ] = True\n",
@@ -608,21 +607,25 @@
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "def nx_gx_cluster(edges, cluster_geom, nodes, to_drop, to_add, eps=0.01):\n",
-    "    '''treat an n-artifact cluster: merge all artifact polygons; drop\n",
+    "    \"\"\"treat an n-artifact cluster: merge all artifact polygons; drop\n",
     "    all lines fully within the merged polygon; skeletonize and keep only\n",
-    "    skeletonized edges and connecting nodes'''\n",
+    "    skeletonized edges and connecting nodes\"\"\"\n",
     "\n",
     "    # get edges on boundary\n",
-    "    edges_on_boundary = edges.intersection(cluster_geom.boundary.buffer(eps)).explode(ignore_index=True)\n",
+    "    edges_on_boundary = edges.intersection(cluster_geom.boundary.buffer(eps)).explode(\n",
+    "        ignore_index=True\n",
+    "    )\n",
     "    edges_on_boundary = edges_on_boundary[\n",
-    "        (~edges_on_boundary.is_empty) &\n",
-    "        (edges_on_boundary.geom_type.str.contains(\"Line\")) &\n",
-    "        (edges_on_boundary.length > 10*eps)\n",
-    "    ] # keeping only (multi)linestrings of length>>eps\n",
+    "        (~edges_on_boundary.is_empty)\n",
+    "        & (edges_on_boundary.geom_type.str.contains(\"Line\"))\n",
+    "        & (edges_on_boundary.length > 10 * eps)\n",
+    "    ]  # keeping only (multi)linestrings of length>>eps\n",
     "    edges_on_boundary = edges_on_boundary.to_frame(\"geometry\")\n",
     "\n",
     "    # find road segments DELINEATING cluster polygon (to be partially merged, and kept)\n",
-    "    edges_within = edges.iloc[edges.sindex.query(cluster_geom, predicate=\"contains\")].copy()\n",
+    "    # edges_within = edges.iloc[\n",
+    "    #    edges.sindex.query(cluster_geom, predicate=\"contains\")\n",
+    "    # ].copy()\n",
     "\n",
     "    # find nodes ON the cluster polygon boundary (to be partially kept)\n",
     "    nodes_on_boundary = nodes.iloc[\n",
@@ -631,19 +634,15 @@
     "\n",
     "    # find edges that cross but do not lie within\n",
     "    edges_crossing = edges.iloc[\n",
-    "        edges.sindex.query(\n",
-    "            cluster_geom.buffer(eps),\n",
-    "            predicate = \"crosses\"\n",
-    "        )\n",
+    "        edges.sindex.query(cluster_geom.buffer(eps), predicate=\"crosses\")\n",
     "    ]\n",
     "\n",
     "    # the nodes to keep are those that intersect with these crossing edges\n",
     "    nodes_to_keep = nodes_on_boundary.iloc[\n",
     "        nodes_on_boundary.sindex.query(\n",
-    "            edges_crossing.union_all(),\n",
-    "            predicate = \"intersects\"\n",
-    "        )].copy()\n",
-    "\n",
+    "            edges_crossing.union_all(), predicate=\"intersects\"\n",
+    "        )\n",
+    "    ].copy()\n",
     "\n",
     "    # merging lines between nodes to keep:\n",
     "    buffered_nodes_to_keep = nodes_to_keep.buffer(eps).union_all()\n",
@@ -651,7 +650,9 @@
     "    # make queen contiguity graph on MINUSBUFFERED outline road segments,\n",
     "    # and copy component labels into edges_on_boundary gdf\n",
     "    edges_on_boundary = edges_on_boundary.explode(ignore_index=True)\n",
-    "    queen = graph.Graph.build_fuzzy_contiguity(edges_on_boundary.difference(buffered_nodes_to_keep))\n",
+    "    queen = graph.Graph.build_fuzzy_contiguity(\n",
+    "        edges_on_boundary.difference(buffered_nodes_to_keep)\n",
+    "    )\n",
     "    edges_on_boundary[\"comp\"] = queen.component_labels\n",
     "\n",
     "    # skeletonize\n",
@@ -661,7 +662,9 @@
     "        snap_to=False,\n",
     "    )\n",
     "\n",
-    "    lines_to_drop = edges.iloc[edges.sindex.query(cluster_geom.buffer(eps), predicate=\"contains\")].index.to_list()\n",
+    "    lines_to_drop = edges.iloc[\n",
+    "        edges.sindex.query(cluster_geom.buffer(eps), predicate=\"contains\")\n",
+    "    ].index.to_list()\n",
     "    lines_to_add = list(skel)\n",
     "\n",
     "    to_add.extend(lines_to_add)\n",
@@ -670,35 +673,27 @@
     "    ### RECONNECTING NON-PLANAR INTRUDING EDGES TO SKELETON\n",
     "\n",
     "    # considering only edges that are kept\n",
-    "    edges_kept = edges.copy().drop(lines_to_drop, axis = 0)\n",
+    "    edges_kept = edges.copy().drop(lines_to_drop, axis=0)\n",
     "\n",
     "    to_reconnect = []\n",
     "\n",
     "    skel_merged = shapely.line_merge(skel)\n",
     "    skel_merged = gpd.GeoSeries(skel_merged, crs=edges.crs)\n",
     "\n",
-    "    skel_nodes = list(\n",
-    "        shapely.get_point(skel_merged, 0))\n",
-    "    skel_nodes.extend(list(\n",
-    "        shapely.get_point(skel_merged, -1))\n",
-    "    )\n",
+    "    skel_nodes = list(shapely.get_point(skel_merged, 0))\n",
+    "    skel_nodes.extend(list(shapely.get_point(skel_merged, -1)))\n",
     "    skel_nodes = gpd.GeoSeries(skel_nodes, crs=edges.crs).union_all()\n",
     "\n",
     "    # loop through endpoints of kept edges...\n",
     "    for i in [0, -1]:\n",
-    "\n",
     "        # do the same for \"end\" points\n",
     "        endpoints = gpd.GeoSeries(\n",
-    "            shapely.get_point(edges_kept.geometry, i),\n",
-    "            crs = edges.crs\n",
+    "            shapely.get_point(edges_kept.geometry, i), crs=edges.crs\n",
     "        )\n",
     "\n",
     "        # which are contained by artifact...\n",
     "        endpoints = endpoints.iloc[\n",
-    "            endpoints.sindex.query(\n",
-    "                cluster_geom,\n",
-    "                predicate=\"contains\"\n",
-    "            )\n",
+    "            endpoints.sindex.query(cluster_geom, predicate=\"contains\")\n",
     "        ]\n",
     "\n",
     "        # ...but NOT on skeleton\n",
@@ -708,10 +703,7 @@
     "\n",
     "    # to_reconnect now contains a list of points which need to be connected to the nearest skel node:\n",
     "    # from those nodes, we need to add shapely shortest lines between those edges_kept.endpoints and\n",
-    "    non_planar_connections = shapely.shortest_line(\n",
-    "            skel_nodes,\n",
-    "            to_reconnect\n",
-    "        )\n",
+    "    non_planar_connections = shapely.shortest_line(skel_nodes, to_reconnect)\n",
     "\n",
     "    ### extend our list \"to_add\" with this artifact clusters' contribution:\n",
     "    to_add.extend(non_planar_connections)"
@@ -755,8 +747,7 @@
     "# planar = artifacts[~artifacts.non_planar]\n",
     "\n",
     "# iterate through CLUSTERS of artifacts\n",
-    "for _, artifact in artifacts_small.groupby(\"comp\"): # TODO: over entire table\n",
-    "\n",
+    "for _, artifact in artifacts_small.groupby(\"comp\"):  # TODO: over entire table\n",
     "    # get artifact cluster polygon\n",
     "    cluster_geom = artifact.union_all(method=\"coverage\")\n",
     "    # get edges relevant for an artifact\n",
@@ -768,8 +759,8 @@
     "        nodes=nodes,\n",
     "        to_drop=to_drop,\n",
     "        to_add=to_add,\n",
-    "        eps=my_eps\n",
-    "    )\n"
+    "        eps=my_eps,\n",
+    "    )"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -779,7 +770,6 @@
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "def rebuild_network(roads, to_drop, to_add, distance=2):\n",
-    "\n",
     "    cleaned_roads = roads.geometry.drop(to_drop)\n",
     "\n",
     "    # # split lines on new nodes\n",
@@ -1569,22 +1559,13 @@
    "source": [
     "m = roads.iloc[roads.sindex.query(cluster_geom, predicate=\"intersects\")].explore(\n",
     "    tiles=\"CartoDB.Positron\",\n",
-    "    name = \"original roads\",\n",
-    "    color = \"orange\",\n",
-    "    opacity = .4,\n",
-    "    prefer_canvas=True\n",
-    ")\n",
-    "new_roads.explore(\n",
-    "    m=m,\n",
-    "    name = \"new roads\",\n",
-    "    color = \"blue\"\n",
-    ")\n",
-    "artifacts.explore(\n",
-    "    m=m,\n",
-    "    color = \"yellow\",\n",
-    "    opacity = .1,\n",
-    "    name = \"artifact\"\n",
+    "    name=\"original roads\",\n",
+    "    color=\"orange\",\n",
+    "    opacity=0.4,\n",
+    "    prefer_canvas=True,\n",
     ")\n",
+    "new_roads.explore(m=m, name=\"new roads\", color=\"blue\")\n",
+    "artifacts.explore(m=m, color=\"yellow\", opacity=0.1, name=\"artifact\")\n",
     "folium.LayerControl().add_to(m)\n",
     "m"
    ]
@@ -1606,7 +1587,7 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "simplification",
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
    "language": "python",
    "name": "python3"
   },
@@ -1620,9 +1601,9 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.9"
+   "version": "3.11.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 2
+ "nbformat_minor": 4
 }
diff --git a/notebooks/typology-rectangles.ipynb b/notebooks/typology-rectangles.ipynb
index 7b2d80a..78c2132 100644
--- a/notebooks/typology-rectangles.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/typology-rectangles.ipynb
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
+    "from itertools import combinations\n",
+    "\n",
     "import folium\n",
     "import geopandas as gpd\n",
     "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
@@ -22,13 +24,12 @@
     "import numpy as np\n",
     "import pandas as pd\n",
     "import shapely\n",
-    "from core import utils, algorithms, geometry\n",
     "from folium import plugins\n",
-    "from itertools import combinations\n",
-    "\n",
     "from libpysal import graph\n",
     "from scipy import sparse, spatial\n",
-    "from tqdm import tqdm"
+    "from tqdm import tqdm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from core import algorithms, geometry, utils"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -1363,9 +1364,7 @@
     "    else:\n",
     "        mask.append(True)\n",
     "mains = mains[mask]\n",
-    "assert (\n",
-    "    mains.intersects(mains[::-1], align=False).all()\n",
-    ")  # two main roads intersect\n",
+    "assert mains.intersects(mains[::-1], align=False).all()  # two main roads intersect\n",
     "assert mains.coins_group.nunique() == 2"
    ]
   },
@@ -1590,9 +1589,7 @@
     "    else:\n",
     "        mask.append(True)\n",
     "mains = mains[mask]\n",
-    "assert (\n",
-    "    mains.intersects(mains[::-1], align=False).all()\n",
-    ")  # two main roads intersect\n",
+    "assert mains.intersects(mains[::-1], align=False).all()  # two main roads intersect\n",
     "assert mains.coins_group.nunique() == 2"
    ]
   },
@@ -1778,9 +1775,7 @@
     "    else:\n",
     "        mask.append(True)\n",
     "mains = mains[mask]\n",
-    "assert (\n",
-    "    mains.intersects(mains[::-1], align=False).all()\n",
-    ")  # two main roads intersect\n",
+    "assert mains.intersects(mains[::-1], align=False).all()  # two main roads intersect\n",
     "assert mains.coins_group.nunique() == 1\n",
     "assert len(mains) == 2"
    ]
@@ -2114,9 +2109,7 @@
     "    else:\n",
     "        mask.append(True)\n",
     "mains = mains[mask]\n",
-    "assert (\n",
-    "    mains.intersects(mains[::-1], align=False).all()\n",
-    ")  # two main roads intersect\n",
+    "assert mains.intersects(mains[::-1], align=False).all()  # two main roads intersect\n",
     "assert mains.coins_group.nunique() == 1\n",
     "assert len(mains) == 2"
    ]
@@ -2898,7 +2891,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "roads[roads.intersects(shapely.Point(682619.7584150723, 5612995.734446571).buffer(1))].explore()"
+    "roads[\n",
+    "    roads.intersects(shapely.Point(682619.7584150723, 5612995.734446571).buffer(1))\n",
+    "].explore()"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/notebooks/typology-singles.ipynb b/notebooks/typology-singles.ipynb
index 2880f2f..a902d0b 100644
--- a/notebooks/typology-singles.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/typology-singles.ipynb
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
     "import momepy\n",
     "from libpysal import graph\n",
     "\n",
-    "from core import algorithms, geometry, utils\n"
+    "from core import algorithms, geometry, utils"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/notebooks/typology-triangles.ipynb b/notebooks/typology-triangles.ipynb
index 88011fa..bec97a2 100644
--- a/notebooks/typology-triangles.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/typology-triangles.ipynb
@@ -22,11 +22,12 @@
     "import numpy as np\n",
     "import pandas as pd\n",
     "import shapely\n",
-    "from core import utils, algorithms\n",
-    "from core.geometry import is_within\n",
     "from folium import plugins\n",
     "from libpysal import graph\n",
-    "from scipy import sparse"
+    "from scipy import sparse\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from core import algorithms, utils\n",
+    "from core.geometry import is_within"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/notebooks/usecases.ipynb b/notebooks/usecases.ipynb
index 72ae372..15392ba 100644
--- a/notebooks/usecases.ipynb
+++ b/notebooks/usecases.ipynb
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
     "points[_context][\"address\"] = \"Rue du Coq Mosan 7, 4040 Herstal, Belgium\"\n",
     "points[_context][\"comments\"] = \"collapsed neighborhood - parallel edges\"\n",
     "\n",
-    "fpath_base = pathlib.Path(\"..\", \"usecases\", str(core.utils.city_fua[city]))\n",
+    "fpath_base = pathlib.Path(\"..\", \"usecases\", str(utils.city_fua[city]))\n",
     "with open(fpath_base / \"points.json\", \"w\") as outfile:\n",
     "    outfile.write(json.dumps(points, indent=6))"
    ]
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.9"
+   "version": "3.11.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 49d5cc3..8daf096 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@ lint.select = ["E", "F", "W", "I", "UP", "N", "B", "A", "C4", "SIM", "ARG"]
      "F401",  # imported but unused
      "F403",  # star import; unable to detect undefined names
  ]
+ "*.ipynb" = [
+    "C408",  # Unnecessary `dict` call
+    "E501",  # Line too long
+    "F401",  # imported but unused
+]
 
 [tool.coverage.run]
 source = ["./core"]