diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index e69ece0f..86a2267a 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ clear to read and to maintain.
   - [`toBeChecked`](#tobechecked)
   - [`toBePartiallyChecked`](#tobepartiallychecked)
   - [`toHaveDescription`](#tohavedescription)
+  - [`toHaveErrorMessage`](#tohaveerrormessage)
 - [Deprecated matchers](#deprecated-matchers)
   - [`toBeInTheDOM`](#tobeinthedom)
 - [Inspiration](#inspiration)
@@ -1042,6 +1043,58 @@ expect(deleteButton).not.toHaveDescription()
 expect(deleteButton).toHaveDescription('') // Missing or empty description always becomes a blank string
 ```
 
+### `toHaveErrorMessage`
+
+```typescript
+toHaveErrorMessage(text: string | RegExp)
+```
+
+This allows you to check whether the given element has an
+[ARIA error message](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/#aria-errormessage) or not.
+
+Use the `aria-errormessage` attribute to reference another element that contains
+custom error message text. Multiple ids is **NOT** allowed. Authors MUST use
+`aria-invalid` in conjunction with `aria-errormessage`. Leran more from
+[`aria-errormessage` spec](https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/#aria-errormessage).
+
+Whitespace is normalized.
+
+When a `string` argument is passed through, it will perform a whole
+case-sensitive match to the error message text.
+
+To perform a case-insensitive match, you can use a `RegExp` with the `/i`
+modifier.
+
+To perform a partial match, you can pass a `RegExp` or use
+`expect.stringContaining("partial string")`.
+
+#### Examples
+
+```html
+<label for="startTime"> Please enter a start time for the meeting: </label>
+<input
+  id="startTime"
+  type="text"
+  aria-errormessage="msgID"
+  aria-invalid="true"
+  value="11:30 PM"
+/>
+<span id="msgID" aria-live="assertive" style="visibility:visible">
+  Invalid time: the time must be between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM"
+</span>
+```
+
+```javascript
+const timeInput = getByLabel('startTime')
+
+expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(
+  'Invalid time: the time must be between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM',
+)
+expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(/invalid time/i) // to partially match
+expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(expect.stringContaining('Invalid time')) // to partially match
+expect(timeInput).not.toHaveErrorMessage('Pikachu!')
+```
+
 ## Deprecated matchers
 
 ### `toBeInTheDOM`
diff --git a/src/__tests__/to-have-errormessage.js b/src/__tests__/to-have-errormessage.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..68817653
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/__tests__/to-have-errormessage.js
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+import {render} from './helpers/test-utils'
+
+// eslint-disable-next-line max-lines-per-function
+describe('.toHaveErrorMessage', () => {
+  test('resolves for object with correct aria-errormessage reference', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+    <label for="startTime"> Please enter a start time for the meeting: </label>
+    <input data-testid="startTime" type="text" aria-errormessage="msgID" aria-invalid="true" value="11:30 PM" >
+    <span id="msgID" aria-live="assertive" style="visibility:visible"> Invalid time:  the time must be between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM </span>
+    `)
+
+    const timeInput = queryByTestId('startTime')
+
+    expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      'Invalid time: the time must be between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM',
+    )
+    expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(/invalid time/i) // to partially match
+    expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      expect.stringContaining('Invalid time'),
+    ) // to partially match
+    expect(timeInput).not.toHaveErrorMessage('Pikachu!')
+  })
+
+  test('works correctly on implicit invalid element', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+    <label for="startTime"> Please enter a start time for the meeting: </label>
+    <input data-testid="startTime" type="text" aria-errormessage="msgID" aria-invalid value="11:30 PM" >
+    <span id="msgID" aria-live="assertive" style="visibility:visible"> Invalid time:  the time must be between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM </span>
+    `)
+
+    const timeInput = queryByTestId('startTime')
+
+    expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      'Invalid time: the time must be between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM',
+    )
+    expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(/invalid time/i) // to partially match
+    expect(timeInput).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      expect.stringContaining('Invalid time'),
+    ) // to partially match
+    expect(timeInput).not.toHaveErrorMessage('Pikachu!')
+  })
+
+  test('rejects for valid object', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+    <div id="errormessage">The errormessage</div>
+    <div data-testid="valid" aria-errormessage="errormessage"></div>
+    <div data-testid="explicitly_valid" aria-errormessage="errormessage" aria-invalid="false"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('valid')).not.toHaveErrorMessage('The errormessage')
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('valid')).toHaveErrorMessage('The errormessage')
+    }).toThrowError()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('explicitly_valid')).not.toHaveErrorMessage(
+      'The errormessage',
+    )
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('explicitly_valid')).toHaveErrorMessage(
+        'The errormessage',
+      )
+    }).toThrowError()
+  })
+
+  test('rejects for object with incorrect aria-errormessage reference', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+    <div id="errormessage">The errormessage</div>
+    <div data-testid="invalid_id" aria-errormessage="invalid" aria-invalid="true"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('invalid_id')).not.toHaveErrorMessage()
+    expect(queryByTestId('invalid_id')).toHaveErrorMessage('')
+  })
+
+  test('handles invalid element without aria-errormessage', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+    <div id="errormessage">The errormessage</div>
+    <div data-testid="without" aria-invalid="true"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('without')).not.toHaveErrorMessage()
+    expect(queryByTestId('without')).toHaveErrorMessage('')
+  })
+
+  test('handles valid element without aria-errormessage', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+    <div id="errormessage">The errormessage</div>
+    <div data-testid="without"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('without')).not.toHaveErrorMessage()
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('without')).toHaveErrorMessage()
+    }).toThrowError()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('without')).not.toHaveErrorMessage('')
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('without')).toHaveErrorMessage('')
+    }).toThrowError()
+  })
+
+  test('handles multiple ids', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+    <div id="first">First errormessage</div>
+    <div id="second">Second errormessage</div>
+    <div id="third">Third errormessage</div>
+    <div data-testid="multiple" aria-errormessage="first second third" aria-invalid="true"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('multiple')).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      'First errormessage Second errormessage Third errormessage',
+    )
+    expect(queryByTestId('multiple')).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      /Second errormessage Third/,
+    )
+    expect(queryByTestId('multiple')).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      expect.stringContaining('Second errormessage Third'),
+    )
+    expect(queryByTestId('multiple')).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      expect.stringMatching(/Second errormessage Third/),
+    )
+    expect(queryByTestId('multiple')).not.toHaveErrorMessage('Something else')
+    expect(queryByTestId('multiple')).not.toHaveErrorMessage('First')
+  })
+
+  test('handles negative test cases', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+    <div id="errormessage">The errormessage</div>
+    <div data-testid="target" aria-errormessage="errormessage" aria-invalid="true"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('other')).toHaveErrorMessage('The errormessage'),
+    ).toThrowError()
+
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('target')).toHaveErrorMessage('Something else'),
+    ).toThrowError()
+
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('target')).not.toHaveErrorMessage(
+        'The errormessage',
+      ),
+    ).toThrowError()
+  })
+
+  test('normalizes whitespace', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <div id="first">
+        Step
+          1
+            of
+              4
+      </div>
+      <div id="second">
+        And
+          extra
+            errormessage
+      </div>
+      <div data-testid="target" aria-errormessage="first second" aria-invalid="true"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('target')).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      'Step 1 of 4 And extra errormessage',
+    )
+  })
+
+  test('can handle multiple levels with content spread across decendants', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+        <span id="errormessage">
+            <span>Step</span>
+            <span>      1</span>
+            <span><span>of</span></span>
+            4</span>
+        </span>
+        <div data-testid="target" aria-errormessage="errormessage" aria-invalid="true"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('target')).toHaveErrorMessage('Step 1 of 4')
+  })
+
+  test('handles extra whitespace with multiple ids', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+    <div id="first">First errormessage</div>
+    <div id="second">Second errormessage</div>
+    <div id="third">Third errormessage</div>
+    <div data-testid="multiple" aria-errormessage="  first
+    second    third
+    " aria-invalid="true"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('multiple')).toHaveErrorMessage(
+      'First errormessage Second errormessage Third errormessage',
+    )
+  })
+
+  test('is case-sensitive', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <span id="errormessage">Sensitive text</span>
+      <div data-testid="target" aria-errormessage="errormessage" aria-invalid="true"></div>
+    `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('target')).toHaveErrorMessage('Sensitive text')
+    expect(queryByTestId('target')).not.toHaveErrorMessage('sensitive text')
+  })
+})
diff --git a/src/matchers.js b/src/matchers.js
index 36896d07..1dbbec77 100644
--- a/src/matchers.js
+++ b/src/matchers.js
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {toHaveDisplayValue} from './to-have-display-value'
 import {toBeChecked} from './to-be-checked'
 import {toBePartiallyChecked} from './to-be-partially-checked'
 import {toHaveDescription} from './to-have-description'
+import {toHaveErrorMessage} from './to-have-errormessage'
 
 export {
   toBeInTheDOM,
@@ -44,4 +45,5 @@ export {
   toBeChecked,
   toBePartiallyChecked,
   toHaveDescription,
+  toHaveErrorMessage,
 }
diff --git a/src/to-have-errormessage.js b/src/to-have-errormessage.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a253b390
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/to-have-errormessage.js
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import {checkHtmlElement, getMessage, normalize} from './utils'
+
+// See aria-errormessage spec https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-1.2/#aria-errormessage
+export function toHaveErrorMessage(htmlElement, checkWith) {
+  checkHtmlElement(htmlElement, toHaveErrorMessage, this)
+
+  if (
+    !htmlElement.hasAttribute('aria-invalid') ||
+    htmlElement.getAttribute('aria-invalid') === 'false'
+  ) {
+    const not = this.isNot ? '.not' : ''
+
+    return {
+      pass: false,
+      message: () => {
+        return getMessage(
+          this,
+          this.utils.matcherHint(`${not}.toHaveErrorMessage`, 'element', ''),
+          `Expected the element to have invalid state indicated by`,
+          'aria-invalid="true"',
+          'Received',
+          htmlElement.hasAttribute('aria-invalid')
+            ? `aria-invalid="${htmlElement.getAttribute('aria-invalid')}"`
+            : this.utils.printReceived(''),
+        )
+      },
+    }
+  }
+
+  const expectsErrorMessage = checkWith !== undefined
+
+  const errormessageIDRaw = htmlElement.getAttribute('aria-errormessage') || ''
+  const errormessageIDs = errormessageIDRaw.split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean)
+
+  let errormessage = ''
+  if (errormessageIDs.length > 0) {
+    const document = htmlElement.ownerDocument
+
+    const errormessageEls = errormessageIDs
+      .map(errormessageID => document.getElementById(errormessageID))
+      .filter(Boolean)
+
+    errormessage = normalize(
+      errormessageEls.map(el => el.textContent).join(' '),
+    )
+  }
+
+  return {
+    pass: expectsErrorMessage
+      ? checkWith instanceof RegExp
+        ? checkWith.test(errormessage)
+        : this.equals(errormessage, checkWith)
+      : Boolean(errormessage),
+    message: () => {
+      const to = this.isNot ? 'not to' : 'to'
+      return getMessage(
+        this,
+        this.utils.matcherHint(
+          `${this.isNot ? '.not' : ''}.toHaveErrorMessage`,
+          'element',
+          '',
+        ),
+        `Expected the element ${to} have error message`,
+        this.utils.printExpected(checkWith),
+        'Received',
+        this.utils.printReceived(errormessage),
+      )
+    },
+  }
+}