diff --git a/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/FileSystem.cs b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/FileSystem.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d32ba92fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/FileSystem.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+namespace DotNet.Testcontainers.Configurations
+{
+  using JetBrains.Annotations;
+
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Indicates the file system for file operations.
+  /// </summary>
+  [PublicAPI]
+  public enum FileSystem
+  {
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The test host file system.
+    /// </summary>
+    Host = 0,
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The container file system.
+    /// </summary>
+    Container = 1,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/IWaitForContainerOS.cs b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/IWaitForContainerOS.cs
index 400558577..f4e3d2df5 100644
--- a/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/IWaitForContainerOS.cs
+++ b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/IWaitForContainerOS.cs
@@ -52,10 +52,11 @@ public interface IWaitForContainerOS
     /// <summary>
     /// Waits until the file exists.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <param name="file">The file to be checked.</param>
+    /// <param name="filePath">The file path to be checked.</param>
+    /// <param name="fileSystem">The file system to be checked.</param>
     /// <returns>A configured instance of <see cref="IWaitForContainerOS" />.</returns>
     [PublicAPI]
-    IWaitForContainerOS UntilFileExists(string file);
+    IWaitForContainerOS UntilFileExists(string filePath, FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.Host);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Waits until the message is logged.
diff --git a/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/UntilFileExistsInContainer.cs b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/UntilFileExistsInContainer.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..63b410ada
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/UntilFileExistsInContainer.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+namespace DotNet.Testcontainers.Configurations
+{
+  using System.IO;
+  using System.Threading.Tasks;
+  using DotNet.Testcontainers.Containers;
+
+  internal class UntilFileExistsInContainer : IWaitUntil
+  {
+    private readonly string _file;
+
+    public UntilFileExistsInContainer(string file)
+    {
+      _file = file;
+    }
+
+    public async Task<bool> UntilAsync(IContainer container)
+    {
+      try
+      {
+        _ = await container.ReadFileAsync(_file)
+          .ConfigureAwait(false);
+
+        return true;
+      }
+      catch (FileNotFoundException)
+      {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/UntilFilesExists.cs b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/UntilFileExistsOnHost.cs
similarity index 77%
rename from src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/UntilFilesExists.cs
rename to src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/UntilFileExistsOnHost.cs
index 70ab4fd27..10362752e 100644
--- a/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/UntilFilesExists.cs
+++ b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/UntilFileExistsOnHost.cs
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ namespace DotNet.Testcontainers.Configurations
   using System.Threading.Tasks;
   using DotNet.Testcontainers.Containers;
 
-  internal class UntilFilesExists : IWaitUntil
+  internal class UntilFileExistsOnHost : IWaitUntil
   {
     private readonly string _file;
 
-    public UntilFilesExists(string file)
+    public UntilFileExistsOnHost(string file)
     {
       _file = file;
     }
diff --git a/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/WaitForContainerOS.cs b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/WaitForContainerOS.cs
index 88b2161d2..669c5e062 100644
--- a/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/WaitForContainerOS.cs
+++ b/src/Testcontainers/Configurations/WaitStrategies/WaitForContainerOS.cs
@@ -34,9 +34,16 @@ public virtual IWaitForContainerOS AddCustomWaitStrategy(IWaitUntil waitStrategy
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public virtual IWaitForContainerOS UntilFileExists(string file)
+    public virtual IWaitForContainerOS UntilFileExists(string filePath, FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.Host)
     {
-      return AddCustomWaitStrategy(new UntilFilesExists(file));
+      switch (fileSystem)
+      {
+        case FileSystem.Container:
+          return AddCustomWaitStrategy(new UntilFileExistsInContainer(filePath));
+        case FileSystem.Host:
+        default:
+          return AddCustomWaitStrategy(new UntilFileExistsOnHost(filePath));
+      }
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
diff --git a/tests/Testcontainers.Tests/Unit/Configurations/WaitUntilFileExistsInContainerTest.cs b/tests/Testcontainers.Tests/Unit/Configurations/WaitUntilFileExistsInContainerTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..007b2ad3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Testcontainers.Tests/Unit/Configurations/WaitUntilFileExistsInContainerTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+namespace DotNet.Testcontainers.Tests.Unit
+{
+  using System;
+  using System.Collections.Generic;
+  using System.Threading;
+  using System.Threading.Tasks;
+  using DotNet.Testcontainers.Builders;
+  using DotNet.Testcontainers.Commons;
+  using DotNet.Testcontainers.Configurations;
+  using DotNet.Testcontainers.Containers;
+  using Xunit;
+
+  public sealed class WaitUntilFileExistsInContainerTest : IAsyncLifetime, IDisposable
+  {
+    private const string ContainerFilePath = "/tmp/hostname";
+
+    private readonly CancellationTokenSource _cts = new CancellationTokenSource(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1));
+
+    private readonly IContainer _container = new ContainerBuilder()
+      .WithImage(CommonImages.Alpine)
+      .WithEntrypoint("/bin/sh", "-c")
+      .WithCommand("hostname > " + ContainerFilePath + "; trap : TERM INT; sleep infinity & wait")
+      .WithWaitStrategy(Wait.ForUnixContainer().UntilFileExists(ContainerFilePath, FileSystem.Container))
+      .Build();
+
+    public Task InitializeAsync()
+    {
+      return _container.StartAsync(_cts.Token);
+    }
+
+    public Task DisposeAsync()
+    {
+      return _container.DisposeAsync().AsTask();
+    }
+
+    public void Dispose()
+    {
+      _cts.Dispose();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ContainerIsRunning()
+    {
+      var execResult = await _container.ExecAsync(new List<string> { "test", "-f", ContainerFilePath })
+        .ConfigureAwait(false);
+
+      Assert.Equal(0, execResult.ExitCode);
+    }
+  }
+}