[Bug]: Stories without the 'dev' tags (or filtered stories in general) have empty Controls panel

[JReinhold]

Describe the bug

When opening a story that is hidden from the sidebar with the '!dev' tag, (via a direct URL) the Controls panel is always empty, both in dev and built.

This also happens when you're at a story and you use the tags filter UI to remove that story from the sidebar. See:

Export-1733435290562.mp4

Reproduction link

https://next--635781f3500dd2c49e189caf.chromatic.com/?path=/story/core-tags-remove--no-dev

Reproduction steps

1. Open the 'No Dev' story in the UI Storybook: https://next--635781f3500dd2c49e189caf.chromatic.com/?path=/story/core-tags-remove--no-dev
2. See empty Controls panel
3. Open the sibling story 'No Autodocs', and see correct Controls panel https://next--635781f3500dd2c49e189caf.chromatic.com/?path=/story/core-tags-remove--no-autodocs

System

[email protected]

Additional context

I haven't looked into if this bug affects other addon panels or manager features than the Controls panel.

Originally reported in #9209 (comment)

[JReinhold]

Probably the mechanism to filter tags shouldn't be to actually modify the index, but instead be a UI only behavior, in the sidebar only.

I can only imagine this breaks in hundreds of other ways right now, generally our code expects a story to be in the index.

https://github.com/storybookjs/storybook/blob/next/code/core/src/manager-api/modules/stories.ts/#L672-L689