update_metadata.proto

//
// Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//

// Update file format: An update file contains all the operations needed
// to update a system to a specific version. It can be a full payload which
// can update from any version, or a delta payload which can only update
// from a specific version.
// The update format is represented by this struct pseudocode:
// struct delta_update_file {
//   char magic[4] = "CrAU";
//   uint64 file_format_version;  // payload major version
//   uint64 manifest_size;  // Size of protobuf DeltaArchiveManifest
//
//   // Only present if format_version >= 2:
//   uint32 metadata_signature_size;
//
//   // The DeltaArchiveManifest protobuf serialized, not compressed.
//   char manifest[manifest_size];
//
//   // The signature of the metadata (from the beginning of the payload up to
//   // this location, not including the signature itself). This is a serialized
//   // Signatures message.
//   char metadata_signature_message[metadata_signature_size];
//
//   // Data blobs for files, no specific format. The specific offset
//   // and length of each data blob is recorded in the DeltaArchiveManifest.
//   struct {
//     char data[];
//   } blobs[];
//
//   // The signature of the entire payload, everything up to this location,
//   // except that metadata_signature_message is skipped to simplify signing
//   // process. These two are not signed:
//   uint64 payload_signatures_message_size;
//   // This is a serialized Signatures message.
//   char payload_signatures_message[payload_signatures_message_size];
//
// };

// The DeltaArchiveManifest protobuf is an ordered list of InstallOperation
// objects. These objects are stored in a linear array in the
// DeltaArchiveManifest. Each operation is applied in order by the client.

// The DeltaArchiveManifest also contains the initial and final
// checksums for the device.

// The client will perform each InstallOperation in order, beginning even
// before the entire delta file is downloaded (but after at least the
// protobuf is downloaded). The types of operations are explained:
// - REPLACE: Replace the dst_extents on the drive with the attached data,
//   zero padding out to block size.
// - REPLACE_BZ: bzip2-uncompress the attached data and write it into
//   dst_extents on the drive, zero padding to block size.
// - MOVE: Copy the data in src_extents to dst_extents. Extents may overlap,
//   so it may be desirable to read all src_extents data into memory before
//   writing it out. (deprecated)
// - SOURCE_COPY: Copy the data in src_extents in the old partition to
//   dst_extents in the new partition. There's no overlapping of data because
//   the extents are in different partitions.
// - BSDIFF: Read src_length bytes from src_extents into memory, perform
//   bspatch with attached data, write new data to dst_extents, zero padding
//   to block size. (deprecated)
// - SOURCE_BSDIFF: Read the data in src_extents in the old partition, perform
//   bspatch with the attached data and write the new data to dst_extents in the
//   new partition.
// - ZERO: Write zeros to the destination dst_extents.
// - DISCARD: Discard the destination dst_extents blocks on the physical medium.
//   the data read from those blocks is undefined.
// - REPLACE_XZ: Replace the dst_extents with the contents of the attached
//   xz file after decompression. The xz file should only use crc32 or no crc at
//   all to be compatible with xz-embedded.
// - PUFFDIFF: Read the data in src_extents in the old partition, perform
//   puffpatch with the attached data and write the new data to dst_extents in
//   the new partition.
//
// The operations allowed in the payload (supported by the client) depend on the
// major and minor version. See InstallOperation.Type below for details.

syntax = "proto2";

package chromeos_update_engine;

option go_package = "./";

// Data is packed into blocks on disk, always starting from the beginning
// of the block. If a file's data is too large for one block, it overflows
// into another block, which may or may not be the following block on the
// physical partition. An ordered list of extents is another
// representation of an ordered list of blocks. For example, a file stored
// in blocks 9, 10, 11, 2, 18, 12 (in that order) would be stored in
// extents { {9, 3}, {2, 1}, {18, 1}, {12, 1} } (in that order).
// In general, files are stored sequentially on disk, so it's more efficient
// to use extents to encode the block lists (this is effectively
// run-length encoding).
// A sentinel value (kuint64max) as the start block denotes a sparse-hole
// in a file whose block-length is specified by num_blocks.

message Extent {
  optional uint64 start_block = 1;
  optional uint64 num_blocks = 2;
}

// Signatures: Updates may be signed by the OS vendor. The client verifies
// an update's signature by hashing the entire download. The section of the
// download that contains the signature is at the end of the file, so when
// signing a file, only the part up to the signature part is signed.
// Then, the client looks inside the download's Signatures message for a
// Signature message that it knows how to handle. Generally, a client will
// only know how to handle one type of signature, but an update may contain
// many signatures to support many different types of client. Then client
// selects a Signature message and uses that, along with a known public key,
// to verify the download. The public key is expected to be part of the
// client.

message Signatures {
  message Signature {
    optional uint32 version = 1 [deprecated = true];
    optional bytes data = 2;

    // The DER encoded signature size of EC keys is nondeterministic for
    // different input of sha256 hash. However, we need the size of the
    // serialized signatures protobuf string to be fixed before signing;
    // because this size is part of the content to be signed. Therefore, we
    // always pad the signature data to the maximum possible signature size of
    // a given key. And the payload verifier will truncate the signature to
    // its correct size based on the value of |unpadded_signature_size|.
    optional fixed32 unpadded_signature_size = 3;
  }
  repeated Signature signatures = 1;
}

message PartitionInfo {
  optional uint64 size = 1;
  optional bytes hash = 2;
}

message InstallOperation {
  enum Type {
    REPLACE = 0;     // Replace destination extents w/ attached data.
    REPLACE_BZ = 1;  // Replace destination extents w/ attached bzipped data.
    MOVE = 2 [deprecated = true];    // Move source extents to target extents.
    BSDIFF = 3 [deprecated = true];  // The data is a bsdiff binary diff.

    // On minor version 2 or newer, these operations are supported:
    SOURCE_COPY = 4;    // Copy from source to target partition
    SOURCE_BSDIFF = 5;  // Like BSDIFF, but read from source partition

    // On minor version 3 or newer and on major version 2 or newer, these
    // operations are supported:
    REPLACE_XZ = 8;  // Replace destination extents w/ attached xz data.

    // On minor version 4 or newer, these operations are supported:
    ZERO = 6;     // Write zeros in the destination.
    DISCARD = 7;  // Discard the destination blocks, reading as undefined.
    BROTLI_BSDIFF = 10;  // Like SOURCE_BSDIFF, but compressed with brotli.

    // On minor version 5 or newer, these operations are supported:
    PUFFDIFF = 9;  // The data is in puffdiff format.

    // On minor version 8 or newer, these operations are supported:
    ZUCCHINI = 11;

    // On minor version 9 or newer, these operations are supported:
    LZ4DIFF_BSDIFF = 12;
    LZ4DIFF_PUFFDIFF = 13;
    
    ZSTD = 14;
  }
  required Type type = 1;

  // Only minor version 6 or newer support 64 bits |data_offset| and
  // |data_length|, older client will read them as uint32.
  // The offset into the delta file (after the protobuf)
  // where the data (if any) is stored
  optional uint64 data_offset = 2;
  // The length of the data in the delta file
  optional uint64 data_length = 3;

  // Ordered list of extents that are read from (if any) and written to.
  repeated Extent src_extents = 4;
  // Byte length of src, equal to the number of blocks in src_extents *
  // block_size. It is used for BSDIFF and SOURCE_BSDIFF, because we need to
  // pass that external program the number of bytes to read from the blocks we
  // pass it.  This is not used in any other operation.
  optional uint64 src_length = 5;

  repeated Extent dst_extents = 6;
  // Byte length of dst, equal to the number of blocks in dst_extents *
  // block_size. Used for BSDIFF and SOURCE_BSDIFF, but not in any other
  // operation.
  optional uint64 dst_length = 7;

  // Optional SHA 256 hash of the blob associated with this operation.
  // This is used as a primary validation for http-based downloads and
  // as a defense-in-depth validation for https-based downloads. If
  // the operation doesn't refer to any blob, this field will have
  // zero bytes.
  optional bytes data_sha256_hash = 8;

  // Indicates the SHA 256 hash of the source data referenced in src_extents at
  // the time of applying the operation. If present, the update_engine daemon
  // MUST read and verify the source data before applying the operation.
  optional bytes src_sha256_hash = 9;
}

// Hints to VAB snapshot to skip writing some blocks if these blocks are
// identical to the ones on the source image. The src & dst extents for each
// CowMergeOperation should be contiguous, and they're a subset of an OTA
// InstallOperation.
// During merge time, we need to follow the pre-computed sequence to avoid
// read after write, similar to the inplace update schema.
message CowMergeOperation {
  enum Type {
    COW_COPY = 0;     // identical blocks
    COW_XOR = 1;      // used when src/dst blocks are highly similar
    COW_REPLACE = 2;  // Raw replace operation
  }
  optional Type type = 1;

  optional Extent src_extent = 2;
  optional Extent dst_extent = 3;
  // For COW_XOR, source location might be unaligned, so this field is in range
  // [0, block_size), representing how much should the src_extent shift toward
  // larger block number. If this field is non-zero, then src_extent will
  // include 1 extra block in the end, as the merge op actually references the
  // first |src_offset| bytes of that extra block. For example, if |dst_extent|
  // is [10, 15], |src_offset| is 500, then src_extent might look like [25, 31].
  // Note that |src_extent| contains 1 extra block than the |dst_extent|.
  optional uint32 src_offset = 4;
}

// Describes the update to apply to a single partition.
message PartitionUpdate {
  // A platform-specific name to identify the partition set being updated. For
  // example, in Chrome OS this could be "ROOT" or "KERNEL".
  required string partition_name = 1;

  // Whether this partition carries a filesystem with post-install program that
  // must be run to finalize the update process. See also |postinstall_path| and
  // |filesystem_type|.
  optional bool run_postinstall = 2;

  // The path of the executable program to run during the post-install step,
  // relative to the root of this filesystem. If not set, the default "postinst"
  // will be used. This setting is only used when |run_postinstall| is set and
  // true.
  optional string postinstall_path = 3;

  // The filesystem type as passed to the mount(2) syscall when mounting the new
  // filesystem to run the post-install program. If not set, a fixed list of
  // filesystems will be attempted. This setting is only used if
  // |run_postinstall| is set and true.
  optional string filesystem_type = 4;

  // If present, a list of signatures of the new_partition_info.hash signed with
  // different keys. If the update_engine daemon requires vendor-signed images
  // and has its public key installed, one of the signatures should be valid
  // for /postinstall to run.
  repeated Signatures.Signature new_partition_signature = 5;

  optional PartitionInfo old_partition_info = 6;
  optional PartitionInfo new_partition_info = 7;

  // The list of operations to be performed to apply this PartitionUpdate. The
  // associated operation blobs (in operations[i].data_offset, data_length)
  // should be stored contiguously and in the same order.
  repeated InstallOperation operations = 8;

  // Whether a failure in the postinstall step for this partition should be
  // ignored.
  optional bool postinstall_optional = 9;

  // On minor version 6 or newer, these fields are supported:

  // The extent for data covered by verity hash tree.
  optional Extent hash_tree_data_extent = 10;

  // The extent to store verity hash tree.
  optional Extent hash_tree_extent = 11;

  // The hash algorithm used in verity hash tree.
  optional string hash_tree_algorithm = 12;

  // The salt used for verity hash tree.
  optional bytes hash_tree_salt = 13;

  // The extent for data covered by FEC.
  optional Extent fec_data_extent = 14;

  // The extent to store FEC.
  optional Extent fec_extent = 15;

  // The number of FEC roots.
  optional uint32 fec_roots = 16 [default = 2];

  // Per-partition version used for downgrade detection, added
  // as an effort to support partial updates. For most partitions,
  // this is the build timestamp.
  optional string version = 17;

  // A sorted list of CowMergeOperation. When writing cow, we can choose to
  // skip writing the raw bytes for these extents. During snapshot merge, the
  // bytes will read from the source partitions instead.
  repeated CowMergeOperation merge_operations = 18;

  // Estimated size for COW image. This is used by libsnapshot
  // as a hint. If set to 0, libsnapshot should use alternative
  // methods for estimating size.
  optional uint64 estimate_cow_size = 19;

  // Information about the cow used by Cow Writer to specify
  // number of cow operations to be written
  optional uint64 estimate_op_count_max = 20;
}

message DynamicPartitionGroup {
  // Name of the group.
  required string name = 1;

  // Maximum size of the group. The sum of sizes of all partitions in the group
  // must not exceed the maximum size of the group.
  optional uint64 size = 2;

  // A list of partitions that belong to the group.
  repeated string partition_names = 3;
}

message VABCFeatureSet {
  optional bool threaded = 1;
  optional bool batch_writes = 2;
}

// Metadata related to all dynamic partitions.
message DynamicPartitionMetadata {
  // All updatable groups present in |partitions| of this DeltaArchiveManifest.
  // - If an updatable group is on the device but not in the manifest, it is
  //   not updated. Hence, the group will not be resized, and partitions cannot
  //   be added to or removed from the group.
  // - If an updatable group is in the manifest but not on the device, the group
  //   is added to the device.
  repeated DynamicPartitionGroup groups = 1;

  // Whether dynamic partitions have snapshots during the update. If this is
  // set to true, the update_engine daemon creates snapshots for all dynamic
  // partitions if possible. If this is unset, the update_engine daemon MUST
  // NOT create snapshots for dynamic partitions.
  optional bool snapshot_enabled = 2;

  // If this is set to false, update_engine should not use VABC regardless. If
  // this is set to true, update_engine may choose to use VABC if device
  // supports it, but not guaranteed.
  // VABC stands for Virtual AB Compression
  optional bool vabc_enabled = 3;

  // The compression algorithm used by VABC. Available ones are "gz", "brotli".
  // See system/core/fs_mgr/libsnapshot/cow_writer.cpp for available options,
  // as this parameter is ultimated forwarded to libsnapshot's CowWriter
  optional string vabc_compression_param = 4;

  // COW version used by VABC. The represents the major version in the COW
  // header
  optional uint32 cow_version = 5;

  // A collection of knobs to tune Virtual AB Compression
  optional VABCFeatureSet vabc_feature_set = 6;

  // Max bytes to be compressed at once during ota. Options: 4k, 8k, 16k, 32k,
  // 64k, 128k
  optional uint64 compression_factor = 7;
}

// Definition has been duplicated from
// $ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/build/tools/releasetools/ota_metadata.proto. Keep in sync.
message ApexInfo {
  optional string package_name = 1;
  optional int64 version = 2;
  optional bool is_compressed = 3;
  optional int64 decompressed_size = 4;
}

// Definition has been duplicated from
// $ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/build/tools/releasetools/ota_metadata.proto. Keep in sync.
message ApexMetadata {
  repeated ApexInfo apex_info = 1;
}

message DeltaArchiveManifest {
  // Only present in major version = 1. List of install operations for the
  // kernel and rootfs partitions. For major version = 2 see the |partitions|
  // field.
  reserved 1, 2;

  // (At time of writing) usually 4096
  optional uint32 block_size = 3 [default = 4096];

  // If signatures are present, the offset into the blobs, generally
  // tacked onto the end of the file, and the length. We use an offset
  // rather than a bool to allow for more flexibility in future file formats.
  // If either is absent, it means signatures aren't supported in this
  // file.
  optional uint64 signatures_offset = 4;
  optional uint64 signatures_size = 5;

  // Fields deprecated in major version 2.
  reserved 6,7,8,9,10,11;

  // The minor version, also referred as "delta version", of the payload.
  // Minor version 0 is full payload, everything else is delta payload.
  optional uint32 minor_version = 12 [default = 0];

  // Only present in major version >= 2. List of partitions that will be
  // updated, in the order they will be updated. This field replaces the
  // |install_operations|, |kernel_install_operations| and the
  // |{old,new}_{kernel,rootfs}_info| fields used in major version = 1. This
  // array can have more than two partitions if needed, and they are identified
  // by the partition name.
  repeated PartitionUpdate partitions = 13;

  // The maximum timestamp of the OS allowed to apply this payload.
  // Can be used to prevent downgrading the OS.
  optional int64 max_timestamp = 14;

  // Metadata related to all dynamic partitions.
  optional DynamicPartitionMetadata dynamic_partition_metadata = 15;

  // If the payload only updates a subset of partitions on the device.
  optional bool partial_update = 16;

  // Information on compressed APEX to figure out how much space is required for
  // their decompression
  repeated ApexInfo apex_info = 17;

  // Security patch level of the device, usually in the format of
  // yyyy-mm-dd
  optional string security_patch_level = 18;
}