Origin-1911-a-0022.txt

12  RUDIMENTS  OF 
10.  What  is  meant  by  Dominant? 
The  fifth  of  the  scale,  next  in  ruling  power  to  tonic. 
11.  What  is  meant  by  Sub-mediant? 
Minor  tonic.  The  tone  lying  downward  midway  from  tonic  to  sub-domi- 
hant.  Seven,  the  leading  note—jSub-tonic—plays  an  important  part,  it 
being  the  gateway  from  major  keys  to  minor  keys. 
LESSON  X. 
SHARPS  AND  FLATS  AS  SIGNATURES  AND  ACCIDENTALS. 
1.  What  is  a  sharp? 
A  sharp  is  a  sign  of  elevation.  It  is  called  a  Signature  Sharp  when 
placed  at  the  beginning  of  a  piece  of  music,  or  when  placed  on  the  staff 
in  the  change  of  the  key  in  the  composition  they  change  the  pitch  of  notes. 
2.  When  is  a  sharp  a  sign  of  elevation  and  not  a  signature? 
When  it  is  placed  before  a  note.  It  is  then  called  an  Accidental 
Sharp,  and  raises  the  pitch  of  the  note  a  half-step.  A  double  sharp 
raises  the  pitch  of  a  note  a  whole  step. 
■i  3.  What  is  a  flat? 
It  is  a  sign  of  depression  and  when  used  at  the  beginning  it  is  called  a 
Signature  Flat.  When  used  in  the  composition  it  is  called  an  Accidental 
Flat. 
4.  What  effect  has  a  flat  on  a  note? 
It  lowers  the  pitch  of  it  a  half-step.  A  double  flat  bb  lowers  it  a  step. 
5.  What  is  a  natural? 
A  character  to  contradict  a  sharp  or  flat.  It  cancels  their  effect  and 
is  called  by  some  the  cancel. 
TABLE  OF  KEYS  OF  SHARPS  IN  THE  MAJOR  AND  MINOR. 
The  Clefs  give  the  key  of  C  major  and  A  minor.  Natural  key. 
1  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  G  Major.  Thus: 
1  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  E  Minor. 
2  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  D  Sharp  Major. 
2  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  B  Minor. 
3  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  A  Major. 
3  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  F  Sharp  Minor. 
4  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  E  Major, 
4  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  C  Sharp  Minor. 
5  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  B  Major. 
5  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  G  Sharp  Minor. 
6  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  F  Sharp  Major. 
6  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  D  Major. 
7  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  C  Sharp  Major. 
7  Sharp  Gives  the  key  of  A  Sharp  Minor. 
FLATS  IN  THE  MAJOR  AND  MINOR. 
1  b  gives  the  key  of  F  Major. 
1  b  gives  the  key  of  D  Minor' 
2  Flats  b  b  gives  the  key  of  B  6  Major. 
2  Flats  b  b  gives  the  key  of  G  Minor. 
3  Flats  b  b  b  gives  the  key  of  E  b  Major, 
MUSIC.  Continued. 
3  Flats  b  b  b  gives  the  key  of  C  Minor. 
4  Flats  b  b  b  b  gives  the  key  of  A  b  Major, 
4  Flats  b  b  b  6.  gives  the  key  of  F  Minor. 
5  Flats  b  b  b  b  b  gives  the  key  of  D  b  Major, 
5  Flats  b  b  b  b  b  gives  the  key  of  B  b  Minor. 
6  Flats  b  b  b  b  b  b  gives  the  key  of  G  b  Major, 
6  Flats  b  b  b  b  b  b  gives  the  key  of  E  b  Minor. 
7  Flats  b  b  b  b  b  b  b  gives  the  key  of  C  b  Major. 
7  Flats  b  b  b  b  b  b  b  gives  the  key  of  A  b  Minor. 
The  natural  place  for  Me  in  the  Major  scale  is  on  B,  no  sharp  or 
flat,  thus  the  key  note  in  Major  would  be  as  follows: 
1.  Sharp  Faw  the  key  note  would  be  on  G. 
2.  Sharp  Faw  the  key  note  would  be  on  D. 
3.  Sharp  Faw  the  key  note  would  be  on  A. 
4.  Sharp  Faw  the  key  note  would  be  on  E. 
5.  Sharp  Faw  the  key  note  would  be  on  B. 
6.  Sharp  Faw  the  key  note  would  be  on  F  sharp. 
7.  Sharp  Faw  the  key  note  would  be  on  C. 
The  above  is  for  four-note  method.  If  round  or  seven-shape  headed 
notes  are  used,  Do  would  be  the  key  note  in  place  of  Faw. 
Minor  key  it  would  be  A,  no  sharp  or  flat. 
1.  Sharp  Law  the  key  note  would  be  on  E. 
2.  Sharp  Law  the  key  note  would  be  on  B. 
3.  Sharp  Law  the  key  note  would  be  F  sharp. 
4.  Sharp  Law  the  key  note  would  be  on  C  sharp. 
5.  Sharp  Law  the  key  note  would  be  on  G  sharp. 
6.  Sharp  law  the  key  note  would  be  on  D  sharp. 
7.  Sharp  Law  the  key  note  would  be  on  A  sharp. 
If  the  round  or  seven-shape  notes  are  used,  the  same  key  note  Law  wilt 
be  used.  As  above,  the  key  note  is  the  same  in  four-shape,  seven-shape  or 
round  notes. 
Four-shape  Method. 
1.  Flat  key  of  F  Faw. 
2.  Flat  key  of  B  b  Faw. 
3.  Flat  key  of  E  b  Faw. 
4.  Flat  key  of  A  &  Faw. 
If  the 
in  the  place  of  Faw. 
Minor. 
By  Flats.  Major. 
5.  Flat  key  of  D  b  .Faw. 
6.  Flat  key  of  G  b  Faw. 
7.  Flat  key  of  C  b  Faw. 
seven-shape  or  round  notes  are  used,  the  key  note  will  be  Do 
Four-shaped  Method. 
1.  Flat  key  of  D  Law. 
2.  Flat  key  of  G  Law. 
3.  Flat  key  of  C  Law. 
If  round  or  seven-shape  notes  are 
used  as  in  the  four-note  system. 
4.  Flat  key  of  F  Law. 
5.  Flat  key  of  B  6  Law. 
6.  Flat  key  of  E  b  Law. 
7.  Flat  key  of  A  b  Law. 
used,  the  same  key  note  Law  will  be