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+---
+simd: '0094'
+title: Deprecate executable update in bpf loader
+authors:
+  - Haoran Yi
+category: Standard
+type: Core
+status: Draft
+created: 2023-12-13
+feature: (fill in with feature tracking issues once accepted)
+extends: 0162
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+Deprecate executable update during bpf program deployment.
+
+## Motivation
+
+Currently, when a program is deployed, the "executable" flag on the account is
+set to true for legacy reasons. However, (a) old bpf loaders, such as v1 and v2,
+are disabled on mainnet (SIMD-0093); (b) we are going to remove accounts
+executable checks for runtime execution (SIMD-0162). (c) the future bpf
+loader-v4 no longer need "executable" flag.
+
+Because of these above reasons, "executable" flag becomes irrelevant and
+provides no functional benefit for runtime execution. Therefore, we want to
+deprecate its update during bpf program deployment for loader-v3.
+
+## Alternatives Considered
+
+1. Emulate account "executable" from owner and account's data. It turns out the
+   emulate is very expensive. It increases "serialization" time by more than 10X.
+
+## New Terminology
+
+None
+
+## Detailed Design
+
+When the feature - "deprecate executable update" is activated, the bpf loader-V3
+will no longer update *executable* flag to true after program deployment.
+
+The "executable" flag remains false after program deployment. In future, we may
+consider not to serialize account executable any more.
+
+Another change is that CPI won't ignore changes made by caller to instruction
+accounts. Currently, during CPI call, if the callee account's executable is set,
+the existing instruction account is used without going through the translation.
+With this change, there is no special shortcut for the instruction accounts.
+They will all go through the general translation code path. Since it is a more
+general code path, we are guaranteed to be correct. The slightly downside is
+that it become less efficient in theory. But we don't think there is going to
+noticeable differences.
+
+## Impact
+
+This will affect the following scenarios.
+
+- program accounts hash after deployment. Since this change is guarded by a
+  feature, program accounts hash change won't break consensus.
+- any dapps that depend on
+  `solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo.executable` to be true on the
+  serialized instruction accounts. Existing program deployed on chain will work
+  fine. However, if the program is redeployed, it may be broken. Before
+  redeployment, dapps developer will need to check and update the program if it
+  depends on `solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo.executable`.
+
+## Security Considerations
+
+None
+
+## Backwards Compatibility
+
+Incompatible.