[feature] Upload build artifacts to a permanent storage

[rbehjati]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

The Docker-based builder currently builds the artifacts and uploads them as artifacts on GitHub. It would be nice to provide a workflow option and functionality for uploading the artifacts in a permanent storage, such as Ent.

Describe the solution you'd like
In Oak we currently do this as part of an internal workflow, but it might be interesting for other projects too.
This is done in our internal reusable workflow in .github/workflows/reusable_provenance.yaml, in this PR.

Describe alternatives you've considered
User projects could set it up, but if it is a common use case, having this as part of the docker-based builder workflow is more convenient.

cc @asraa @tiziano88

[tiziano88]

+1 this would be a useful addition to the workflow (its usage would be optional and opt-in of course)